Development of Science and Technology in Islam

Islam greatly influences the development of knowledge and technology, the

Islamic faith is used as the foundation of science and technology. The progress of
science and technology world is quite surprising for people in the world. the benefits
and results provided by science and also this technology are admired and imitated by
the majority of the world's population. 1
The scholars argue that science is not limited to science and technology only, but
is the knowledge of Allah which is formulated into lauhil mahfudz which is conveyed to
humans through the Qur'an and the Sunnah. Allah's knowledge cover human knowledge
about the universe and man himself. So if you think about it well, the Qur'an is a source
of human knowledge and knowledge.
Science and technology are two inseparable figures. Islam as the foundation of
science. According to the general (western) concept of science is human knowledge of
everything that can be sensed by human potential (vision, hearing, understanding,
feeling, and belief) through reason or the process of thinking (logic). Systematically
formulated knowledge is a formula called science. In the Qur'an, both are called
"science". Science is a source of technology that is able to provide the possibility of the
emergence of various engineering inventions and ideas. Technology is the science of
how to apply science to benefit human welfare and comfort. If so, sophisticated
machines or tools used by humans are not technologies, although in general they are
often associated with technology . The technology is applied or the application of science
that can be shown in tangible results that are more sophisticated and can encourage
people to develop more advanced. As Muslims, we must realize that the philosophical
underpinnings to develop science and technology can be studied and explored in the
newspaper because this holy book explores much information about science and
technology.
in Islam, the term ’knowledge’ is very well known, even in the Qur'an, the word
'science' in its various forms is mentioned repeatedly. 'knowledge’ in terms of language
means clarity, therefore all that is formed from the root is said to have clarity. Allah is
not called 'wise, but' alim, who says ya'lam (He knows), and usually the Qur'an uses that
word for Allah Who is Knowing, even though he is supernatural or hidden.

1 Udah ditulis di laptop shev

 in the Qur'an, knowledge is a feature that makes humans superior to other God's
creatures. This is found in the story of the first human event described in QS.2 (Al-
Baqarah): 31-32

And He taught Adam the names - all of them. Then He showed them to the angels and said,
"Inform Me of the names of these, if you are truthful."

Science and Technology in the Al-Qur'an

“Before, as guidance for the people. And He revealed the Qur'an. Indeed, those who
disbelieve in the verses of Allah will have a severe punishment, and Allah is exalted in Might,
the Owner of Retribution. “(Q.S. Al imron/3 : 3-4)
The above verse explains that one of the functions of the Qur'an is to distinguish
between the right and the wrong, both in observation and theory, concerning the matter
of the universe, and concerning the story of the past and the life to come .
Tracing the Quranic view of technology, of course,, relates and is closely related
to many verses contained in the Qur'an. according to some scholars, there are about 750
verses of the Koran that talk about the nature of matter and its phenomenon. firmly and
repeatedly, the Qur'an states that the universe was created and subdued by Allah SWT.
for humans 2 On QS.45 (Al- Jatsiyah):13, Allah SWT said :

“And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth
- all from Him. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.”
The submission is accomplished through the laws of nature set by God with the
ability to be conferred upon mankind. everything in the universe has its features and laws.

2 Agama Islam (membangun pribadi muslim moderat) ,Midada Rahma Press,

Jakarta, 2018, hlm 280
everything on his side has a measure 3(QS.13: 8). the sun and the moon rising and radiating
the rays until the green grass grows dry or dry, everything has been set by Allah SWT.
according to its size and its laws. as well as explained in those hadist below :

ۡ‫ َخلَقَۡ ٱلَّذِي َربِكَۡ بِٱسۡ ِۡم ۡٱق َر ۡأ‬١ َۡ‫سنَۡ َخلَق‬ ِۡ ‫ن‬
َ َٰ ‫ٱۡلن‬ َ ٢ ‫ََٱل َو َربُّكَۡ ۡٱق َرۡۡأ‬
ۡۡ ِ‫علَقۡ م‬ َ ‫ بِ ۡٱلقَلَ ِۡم‬٤ ‫علَّ َۡم‬
ۡ ۡ ۡ‫ ۡك َرم‬٣ ‫علَّ َۡم ٱلَّذِي‬ ِ ۡ ‫ يَعۡ لَ ۡۡم َۡلَم َما‬٥
َ َٰ ‫ٱۡلن‬
َ َۡ‫سن‬

Read with (the name) the name of your Lord Who created 2. He has created man
from a lump of blood 3. Read, and your Lord is the Most Gracious 4. Who teaches (man)
by delivery 5. He teaches man what he does not know (Al-Alaq:1-5)

ۡ‫ق فِي ِإ َّن‬ ِۡ ‫ت خ َۡل‬ ِۡ ‫س َٰ َم َٰ َو‬ ۡ ِ ‫ٱختِ َٰلَفِۡ َو ۡٱل َ ۡر‬

َّ ‫ض ٱل‬ ۡ ‫ل َو‬ ِۡ ‫اس يَنفَعۡ بِ َما ۡٱلبَ ۡح ِۡر فِي ت َۡج ِري ٱلَّتِي َو ۡٱلف ۡلكِۡ َوٱلنَّ َه‬
ِۡ ‫ار ٱلَّ ۡي‬ َۡ َّ‫ل َو َماۡ ٱلن‬ َۡ َ‫ٱّلل أَنز‬
َّۡ َۡ‫س َماءِۡ مِۡن‬ َّ ‫مِ ن ٱل‬
ۡ‫ض بِ ِۡه فَأ َ ۡحيَا َّماء‬َۡ ‫ث َم ۡوتِ َها بَعۡ ۡدَ ۡٱل َ ۡر‬ َّۡ َ‫ل مِ ن فِي َها َوب‬ ِۡ ‫ب ٱ ِلر َٰيَحِۡ َوت َصۡ ِريفِۡ دَابَّةۡ ك‬ َّ ‫س َّخ ِۡر َوٱل‬
ِۡ ‫س َحا‬ َ ‫س َماءِۡ بَ ۡينَۡ ۡٱلم‬
َّ ‫ض ٱل‬ۡ ِ ‫ل َٰيَتۡ َو ۡٱل َ ۡر‬
ۡ َ ۡ‫ِلقَ ۡوم‬
َۡ‫َيعۡ قِلون‬
Meaning: Verily in the creation of the heavens and the earth, the alternation of
night and day, the ark that sails in the sea brings what is useful to humans, and what
Allah sends down from the sky in the form of water, then with that water He turns the
earth on after death (dry) - and he spreads on the earth all kinds of animals, and the
range of wind and clouds that are controlled between heaven and earth; truly (there
are) signs (oneness and greatness of God) for those who think (Al-Baqarah : 164)

ِۡ ‫نس ۡٱل ِج‬

ۡ‫ن َٰيَ َمعۡ ش ََر‬ ِ ۡ ‫ن َو‬
ۡ ِ ‫ٱۡل‬ َ َ ‫ن ت َنفذواۡ أَن ٱسۡ ت‬
ِۡ ِ‫طعۡ ت ۡۡم إ‬ ۡۡ ِ‫ار م‬ َ ‫ت أ َ ۡق‬
ِۡ ‫ط‬ ِۡ ‫س َٰ َم َٰ َو‬ ۡ ِ ‫ل فَٱنفذواۡ َۡو ۡٱل َ ۡر‬
َّ ‫ض ٱل‬ َ َٰ ‫بِس ۡل‬
ۡ َّ ِ‫طنۡ إ‬
ۡ َ َۡ‫ل ت َنفذون‬
Meaning: O you people, jinn and humans, if you are able to penetrate (across) the
corners of the heavens and the earth, then, you cannot penetrate except by force. (Ar-
Rahman: 33)

ۡ‫س ۡلنَا لَ َق ۡد‬ ِۡ َ‫ب َمعَهمۡ َوأَنزَ ۡلنَا بِ ۡٱلبَيِ َٰن‬

َ ‫ت رسلَنَا أ َ ۡر‬ َۡ ۡ‫شدِيدۡ بَ ۡأسۡ فِي ِۡه ۡٱل َحدِي ۡدَ َوأَنزَ ۡلنَا بِ ۡٱل ِقسۡ طِۡ ٱلنَّاس‬
َۡ َ ‫ومَ ِليَق َو ۡٱلمِ يزَ انَۡ ۡٱل ِك َٰت‬ َ ۡ‫اس َٰنَفِع‬
َ ‫ََوم‬ ۡ ِ َّ‫لِلن‬
‫ٱّلل َو ِليَعۡ لَ َۡم‬
َّۡ ‫ب َورسلَهۥ يَنصرهۥ َمن‬ ِۡ ‫ن بِ ۡٱلغ َۡي‬ َّۡ ۡ‫ع ِزيزۡ قَ ِوي‬
َّۡ ِ‫ٱّللَ إ‬ َ
Meaning: Indeed, We have sent Our apostles to bring real evidence and We have sent
them with the Book and balance (justice) so that humans can carry out justice. And We
created iron in which there was great strength and various benefits to humans, (so that
they would use the iron) and that Allah would know who helped Him and His apostles
when Allah did not see them. Verily Allah is Strong, Mighty (Al-Hadid : 25)

3 Agama Islam (membangun pribadi muslim moderat) ,Midada Rahma Press,

Jakarta, 2018, hlm 281
The Purpose of science and technology development in Islam
The Qur'an is very concerned in encouraging people to continue to seek
knowledge and develop it, whatever is found and created by humans in this knowledge
and knowledge itself will make humans recognize the greatness and power of Allah
SWT. as our creator 4
The purpose of this science and technology development is to facilitate and
improve human capabilities in all fields. another goal is to help and provide convenience
in various aspects of life, both when humans work, communicate, and even to overcome
various problems that arise in the community.

4N Muhammad Taufik. “Perkembangan iptek dalam islam”. Accessed on

September 19, 2018,
http://academia.edu/19669556/PAI_perkembangan_iptek_dalam_islam.