NARRATIVE TEXT

PENGERTIAN NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative text is a text which contains about story (fiction /non fiction /tales /folktales
/fables /myths /epic) and its plot consists of climax of the story (complication) then followed by the
resolution.
Teks naratif adalah teks yang berisi tentang cerita (fiksi /nonfiksi /cerita /dongeng /dongeng
binatang /mitos /epik) dan plot terdiri dari klimaks cerita (komplikasi) kemudian diikuti oleh
resolusi.

TUJUAN NARRATIVE TEXT

purpose narrative text is a text amuse, entertain and deal with actual or vicarious
experience in different ways.

GENERIC STRUCTURE NARRATIVE TEXT

1. Orientation
2. Complication
3. Resolution

CONTOH NARRATIVE TEXT

THE DOVE AND THE ANT
Orientation
One hot day, an ant was searching for some water. After walking around for some time, she
came to a spring.
Complication
To reach the spring, she had to climb up a blade of grass. While making her way up, she slipped
and fell into the water.
Resolution
She could have drowned if a dove up a nearby tree had not seen her. Seeing that the ant was in
trouble, the dove quickly plucked off a leaf and dropped it into the water near the struggling ant.
The ant moved towards the leaf and climbed up there. Soon it carried her safely to dry ground.
Complication
Just at that time, a hunter nearby was throwing out his net towards the dove, hoping to trap it.
Resolution
Guessing what he was about to do, the ant quickly bit him on the heel. Feeling the pain, the hunter
dropped his net. The dove was quick to fly away to safety.
One good turn deserves another.

GOLDEN EGGS
Orientation
Long time ago a remote village, in central China was inhabited mainly with farmers and
hunters. One day, a poor farmer lost his entire livestock to flood. He prayed hard to God for help or
his family would die of starvation.
Complication
Few days later, an old man with long grey beard, passed by his house took pity on him. He gave
him a goose and said “I don’t have any expensive thing to give you and hope this goose will help
you to ease your hardship. ” A week later to almost surprise the farmer found an egg in his yard.
This was no ordinary egg. It was a golden egg. He was suddenly overcome with joy. Thereafter, his
live lihood had rapidly improved but the farmer had forgotten his earlier hardship. He became lazy,
arrogant and spend thrift.
Resolution
Strangely, the goose only laid one golden egg every six months. The greedy farmer lost his patient
and slaughtered his goose thinking there were plenty of golden eggs inside its stomach. Though he
very much regretted for his foolishness, it’s already too late.

THE WIND AND THE SUN

Orientation
One day the Wind and the Sun were disputing which was stronger. Suddenly they saw a traveler
coming down the road.
Complication
The Sun : I see a way to decide our dispute. Whichever of us can cause that
traveler to take off his cloak shall be regarded as the strongest.
The Wind : Would you mind not talking so loudly?
The Sun : Sorry. Okay, you begin. I will retire behind a cloud.
The Wind : I will blow as hard as I can and I’ll be the winner.
The Sun : Okay. Good luck.
The Wind : Zzzzzzzzzzzzzzz. I’m so tired. What is happening to me? I shouldn’t
give up. I have to blow harder. Zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz.
Resolution
But the harder he blew the closer the traveler wrapped his cloak around him, till at last the Wind
had to give up in despair. Then the Sun came out and shone in all his glory upon the traveler, who
soon found it too hot to walk with his cloak on.

EXPLANATION TEXT
PENGERTIAN EXPLANATION TEXT
Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and
cultural phenomena.

Explanation adalah sebuah teks yang berisi tentang proses - proses yang berhubungan dengan
fenomena-fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya dan lainnya.

TUJUAN EXPLANATION TEXT

Explanation communicative purpose of the text is to explain the processes that occur in the
formation or activity associated with natural phenomena, social, scientific, cultural, and others
aimed at explaining.
Menerangkan proses-proses yang terjadi dalam pembentukan sesuatu yang terkait dengan
fenomena-fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya, dan lainnya yang bertujuan
menjelaskan bagaimana atau mengapa hal tersebut bisa terjadi.
GENERIC STRUCTURE EXPLANATION TEXT
1. A general statement
2. A squenced of explanation
3. Closing

CONTOH EXPLANATION TEXT

TSUNAMI
A general statement
A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is generated by a disturbance along the ocean floor. This
disturbance can be an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic eruption. A tsunami is undetectable far
out in the ocean, but once it reaches shallow water, this fast-traveling wave grows very large.

A squenced of explanation
Tsunamis occur when a major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The displaced rock pushes
water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface. The ocean
waves spread out from the vicinity of the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they
reach the coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the
Earth’s crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.

Closing
Tsunamis wash ashore with often disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to
drowning, and damage to property.

HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

A general statement
Do you know what helps your body get oxygen from the air? Right! It’s the respiratory system. Can
you tell me the most important organs in the respiratory system? Yes, your nose, mouth, trachea,
lungs, and diaphragm.
A squenced of explanation
The respiratory system, in anatomy and physiology, are organs that deliver oxygen to the
circulatory system for transport to all the body cells. The respiratory and circulatory system work
together to deliver oxygen to cells and remove carbon dioxide in a two phase process called
respiration.
The first phase of respiration begins with breathing in or inhalation. This inhalation brings air from
outside the body into the lungs. Oxygen in the air moves from the lungs through blood vessels to
the heart, which pumps the oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body. Oxygen then moves from the
blood-stream into the cells, which completes the first phase of respiration. In the cells, oxygen is
used in a separate energy-producing process called cellular respiration, which produces carbon
dioxide as a byproduct.
The second phase of respiration begins with the movement of carbon dioxide from the cells to the
bloodstream. The bloodstream carries carbon dioxide to the heart, which pumps the carbon dioxide-
laden blood to the lungs.
Closing
In the lungs, breathing out or exhalation removes carbon dioxide from the body, thus completing
the respiration cycle. Do you understand so far? the bell ring) Well, sorry. I guess time is up for
today. So, see you tomorrow. Bye.
 THE CIRCLE OF FROG
A general statement
he life cycle of a frog is also called metamorphosis. A major changing of the form or structure of
some animals or insects that happens as the animal or insect becomes an adult is the definition of
metamorphosis. Frog metamorphosis is the changing of the form that happens during its life cycle.
There are six main stages in the life cycle of the frog.
A squenced of explanation
The Egg. A single cell is the beginning of the egg. A jelly surrounds the cell and protects the egg.
To take care of the young after the female had laid them, she may stay with the eggs or may leave
the eggs.
The Embryo. An embryo is formed by the mass of cells in the egg. Organs and gills begin to form.
An internal yolk is the place where the embryo lives. For 21 days, the embryo is supplied by the
nutrients.
The Tadpole. The jelly shell is left by the embryo. Then, the embryo attaches itself to a weed in the
water after its 21 days development period. To absorb the oxygen and feed on algae, it has external
gills like a fish. It must rely on its camouflage to protect itself because it is extremely vulnerable.
The Changing of Tadpole. The tadpole begins to change for about five weeks. The hind legs start
growing which are followed with forelegs as soon as possible. To prepare the frog for its life on the
land, lungs begin to develop.
Meta-morph. After the lungs were developed, the tadpole becomes even more like frog. Its mouth
widens, it loses its horny jaws, and the gills are lost. The legs start growing and the tail becomes
much smaller. At this point, the lungs are almost useful and functioning.
The Frog. A fully developed frog emerges from the water with its lungs, legs, and no tail for about
eleven weeks after the egg was laid.

Closing
Finally, the frog starts finding a mate. The female lays the eggs, the male fertilizes them, and the
whole processes begin again.
DISCUSSION TEXT
PENGERTIAN DISSCUSSION TEXT
a text which present a problematic discourse. This problem will be discussed from different
viewpoints. Discussion is commonly found in philosophical, historic, and social text.

Adalah sebuah tulisan yang memaparkan diskursus atau perdebatan sebuah masalah yang
didiskusikan dari sudut pandang yang berbeda. Tulisan atau teks discussion ini biasanya kita dapati
di dalam tulisan filsafat, sejarah dan sosial.

TUJUAN DISSCUSSION TEXT

Dscussion Text is to present a variety of different view points on an issue to help again complete
understanding, so that the appropriate conclusions can be made. In written form, Discussion Text is
often in the form of a text genre that is more complex, such as research or scientific reports.

Discussion Text adalah untuk menyajikan berbagai sudut pandang yang berbeda tentang sebuah isu
untuk membantu memperoleh pemahaman yang lengkap, sehingga dapat dibuat kesimpulan yang
tepat. Dalam bentuk tertulis, Discussion Text ini sering berbentuk sebuah genre text yang lebih
kompleks, seperti penelitian atau laporan ilmiah.

GENERIC STRUCTURE DISSCUSSION TEXT

1. Statement of Issue.
2. Argument “for” point
3. Argument “against” point
4. Conclusion

CONTOH DISSCUSSION TEXT

IS X-RAY EXAMINATION NECESSARY’
Issue
Students, can you show me your hands? Right! And can you show, me your head? Excellent! But...
Can you show me your stomach’ Hm Can you show me your lungs’ No ‘Why’ Yeah, you’re right
Because they are inside our body. So what do you think, how can we see the internal parts of our
body? Yes. We use X-Ray So, what is X-Ray’ Does anybody know’ No …Well, X-Ray is a
spectrum of light It is radiated to our body It is used for detecting our internal body organs .Do I
make myself clear? Well, Let me continue, where can you find X-Ray’ Yes, that’s right It is in a
hospital And do you know who invented X-Ray’ Does any body knows’……Oh come on Nobody
remembers the name~ Well, X-Ray was invented by a German scientist, William Conrad Rontgen.
Where was I? Oh, O.K. Hm... When do people use X-ray? Correct. When they need X-Ray to
check. Yes, cancer, . . .kidney trouble, .. .heart trouble, . . .tumor, etc.
Students do you know many opinions argue about the use of X-Ray in hospital and others agree
about the use of X-Ray?

Argument “for” point

Well, some people agree that X-Ray examination is beneficial.

Elaboration
They say that doctors should use X-Ray in examining a severe illness. If doctors don’t use the X-
Ray, they will miss some important information which is very useful in making a diagnose on the
patient’s disease. And this will sometimes cause the doctor inaccurate in prescribing the medicine
to cure the illness.
Argument “against” point
Not all patients agree with the use of X-Ray examination, however.
Do you know why? Guess what?

Elaboration
They think that using X-Ray examination will cost them a lot of money. I’m not surprised. Another
reason is the radiation of X-Ray has some risks to the body tissues.

Conclusion
Well, as a result of this controversy, many people are planning a traditional health cure to avoid, the
high cost of hospital care. While hospitals insist on having X-Ray examinations on patients to get
an accurate diagnose although the cost is very high.