DESIGNING A TRANSFORMER BASED ON GIVEN LOAD

Given: VA, Vp, Vs

1. 𝐴𝑐 = 1.15 𝑥 √𝑉𝐴, cm2

1
2. 𝑇⁄𝑉 = , turns per volt
4.44 𝑥 𝐴𝑐 𝑥 𝐵 𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 10−4

3. 𝑇𝑝 = 𝑇⁄𝑉 𝑥 𝑉𝑝 , turn
4. 𝑇𝑠 = 𝑇⁄𝑉 𝑥 𝑉𝑠 , turn
𝑉𝐴
5. 𝐼𝑝 = , ampere
𝑉𝑝
𝑉𝐴
6. 𝐼𝑠 = , ampere
𝑉𝑠
7. Wire size for primary winding :(see table, MaxAmps), AWG
8. Wire size for secondary winding (see table, MaxAmps), AWG

where: Ac = area of the core

Vp = primary voltage
Vs = secondary voltage
VA = volt-ampere rating
T/V = turns per volt
B = flux density = 1 weber/m2
f = frequency = 60 hertz
Tp = number of turns in primary winding
Ts = number of turns in secondary winding
Ip = full-load current in primary winding
Is = full-load current in secondary winding
AWG = American wire gauge
DESIGNING A TRANSFORMER BASED ON CORE AREA
Given: Ac, Vp, Vs

𝐴𝑐
1. 𝑉𝐴 = (1.15)2 , volt-ampere
1
2. 𝑇⁄𝑉 = 4.44 𝑥 𝐴𝑐 𝑥 𝐵 𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 10−4 , turns per volt
3. 𝑇𝑝 = 𝑇⁄𝑉 𝑥 𝑉𝑝 , turn
4. 𝑇𝑠 = 𝑇⁄𝑉 𝑥 𝑉𝑠 , turn
𝑉𝐴
5. 𝐼𝑝 = , ampere
𝑉𝑝
𝑉𝐴
6. 𝐼𝑠 = , ampere
𝑉𝑠
7. Wire size for primary winding (see table, MaxAmps), AWG
8. Wire size for secondary winding (see table, MaxAmps), AWG

where: Ac = area of the core

Vp = primary voltage
Vs = secondary voltage
VA = volt-ampere rating
T/V = turns per volt
B = flux density = 1 weber/m2
f = frequency = 60 hertz
Tp = number of turns in primary winding
Ts = number of turns in secondary winding
Ip = full-load current in primary winding
Is = full-load current in secondary winding
AWG = American wire gauge
Example1
Design a transformer with the given parameters:
VA = 50 volt-amperes
Vp = 220 volts
Vs = 12 volts

Solution:

1. 𝐴𝑐 = 1.15 𝑥 √50 = 8.1317 cm2

1
2. 𝑇⁄𝑉 = 4.44 𝑥 8.1317 𝑥 1 𝑥 60 𝑥 10−4 = 4.6162 turns per volt
3. 𝑇𝑝 = 4.6162 𝑥 220 = 1,015.564 ≈ 1,016 turns
4. 𝑇𝑠 = 4.6162 𝑥 12 = 55.3944 ≈ 55 turns
50
5. 𝐼𝑝 = = 0.2272 ampere
220
50
6. 𝐼𝑠 = = 4.1667 amperes
12
7. Wire size for primary winding = #29 AWG(see table - MaxAmps)
8. Wire size for secondary winding = #17 AWG(see table - MaxAmps)
Example 2
Design a transformer with the given parameters:
Ac = 7 cm2
Vp = 220 volts
Vs = 24 volts

Solution:

7 2
1. 𝑉𝐴 = ( ) = 37.0510 volt-amperes
1.15
1
2. 𝑇⁄𝑉 = 4.44 𝑥 7 𝑥 1 𝑥 60 𝑥 10−4 = 5.3625 turns per volt
3. 𝑇𝑝 = 5.3625 𝑥 220 = 1,179.75 ≈ 1,180 turns
4. 𝑇𝑠 = 5.3625 𝑥 24 = 128.70 ≈ 129 turns
37.0510
5. 𝐼𝑝 = = 0.1684 ampere
220
37.0510
6. 𝐼𝑠 = = 1.5438 amperes
24
7. Wire size for primary winding = #31 AWG(see table - MaxAmps)
8. Wire size for secondary winding = #21 AWG(see table - MaxAmps)