Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
ON
VERTICAL LANDSCAPING
Bachelor of Architecture
Session: 2016-17
APPROVAL
Date 26-11-2016
Jaipur
This dissertation has been completed under the supervision of the guide
allotted to me by the school.
Milan Joshi
V year B.Arch.
School of Planning and Architecture
Poornima University, Jaipur
I am also thankful to all other faculty and staff members of the department
for their kind co-operation and help.
Milan Joshi
V year B.Arch.
School of Planning and Architecture
Poornima University, Jaipur
INTRODUCTION:
Vertical landscaping is also known as green wall which is used by the ancient time for aesthetic
purpose. But nowadays it is crucial to used green walls for the human. The paper also deals
comparison of vertical landscaping to dynamic facade
OBJECTIVE:
Objective 1: To study and understand all aspects of vertical landscaping.
Components, elements, need, impact and technology of vertical landscaping.
Objective 2: To study and understand all aspects of dynamic façade.
The components, elements, need and technology with related to dynamic facade.
Objective 3: Analysis through case studies study.
Objective 4: Conclusion
RESULT OF STUDY: With the help of case studies and observations done by me. I have
concluded that vertical landscaping can be a solution for dynamic façade and can be applied in
hot and dry region
Approval i
Declaration ii
Acknowledgement iii
Abstract iv
Contents v
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction to topic
1.2 Hypothesis
1.3 Aim
1.4 Objective
1.5 Scope and limitation
CHAPTER 2: DEFINATIONS
2.1 What is vertical landscaping
2.2 History of vertical landscaping
2.3 Types of vertical landscaping
2.4 Benefits of vertical landscaping
2.5 Applications
2.6 Conclusion
As our cities move towards high density living, there is proportionally less green
space at ground level per person. Green space is recognised as being beneficial
to human health and wellbeing and provides a respite from the stresses of urban
living. Green walls and facades provide impressive aesthetic outcomes and can
also significantly improve local microclimates.
The transition from natural landscapes to hard infrastructure has also resulted in
the loss of vegetation and habitat, more flash flooding, and negative effects on
human health and well-being. Many of these issues are exacerbated with the
increasingly variable weather patterns that climate change is bringing.
The transition from natural landscapes to hard infrastructure has also resulted in
the loss of vegetation and habitat, more flash flooding, and negative effects on
human health and well-being. Many of these issues are exacerbated with the
increasingly variable weather patterns that climate change is bringing. These
The idea of vertical landscaping on the buildings has evolved due to excessive
exploitation of the urban land. Bricks, concrete and asphalt have replaced
greenery on horizontal as well as vertical planes. Skyscrapers, parking areas and
network of roads have acquired a major of urban land. The decreasing
percentage of green area in cities is responsible for disturbing the balance
between green and grey.
HYPOTHESIS
AIM
OBJECTIVES
Conclusion and recommendation will be presented for hot and dry climate high rise
building.
Energy calculations may be adopted, time permitting.
Project estimation will not considered as a part of study.
To study only elements of vertical landscaping.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
To study and understand
all aspects of vertical To study and understand
landscaping. all aspects of dynamic
facade
To study the components,
elements, need and To study the meaning of
technology of vertical dynamic façade.
landscaping
DATA COLLECTION
PRIMARY SECONDARY
2.2HISTORY
The ancient concept of Green walls was built in Babylon about 2500 years ago.
King Nebuchadnezzar II built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon: a wonder of the
ancient world, and ancestor of the modern green wall (Ashmawy 2006, Hamilton
2009, Green roofs for healthy cities, 2008).Between 3rd BC 17th AD Romans train
grape on garden trellis and on villa walls. In 1920’s Britannia and North America
promote trellis structures and self-climbing plants on houses and gardens In 1988
started to use stainless steel cable system for green facades Early 1990’s cable
and wire-rope net systems and modular trellis panel systems enter the North
American marketplace. First major application of a trellis panel system had been
used in Universal City Walk on California in 1993 and in 1994. Indoor living wall
with bio filtration system installed in Canada Life Building in Toronto (Green Roofs
Organization 2008). Green walls are not only spectacularly beautiful, but also
helpful in enlivening the ambiance. Green walls can absorb heated gas in the air,
lower both indoor and outdoor temperature, providing a healthier indoor air
quality as well as a more beautiful space.
FORMAL INTERIORS
NATURAL INTERIORS
Singapore, http://seksan.com/sgf.html
EXTERIORS
ENTRYWAYS
Factor of dynamic
1. Growth
The process of increasing in size
The process of developing physically
The process of increasing in amount, value
2. Flexibility
The quality of easily bending easily without breaking
Ability to easily modified
Willingness to change or compromise
3. Mobile
The process of moving
The process of changing
Ability to adjustable
4. Vital
Absolutely necessary
Essential
5. Lively
Full of energy and life
Active and outgoing
Dynamic facades are also known as responsive facades. They exhibit an ability to
comprehend and learn from their surroundings, adjusting their behaviour
accordingly. The skin is not inert but transforms dynamically to regulate the
internal environment, reducing its power demands and increases human
comfort.
Project type
Large-scale outdoor
green wall,
Location
8-10 Kavanagh Street,
Southbank
Cost
$350,000
Completion date
2009
Context
Triptych Apartments were designed with a large green wall on the exterior façade
of the building. Visible from the street, the feature was considered by the
developer to provide ‘wow-factor’, setting the building apart from other inner
city residences and blending in with the leafy streetscape. The green wall is
located on the south-east façade of the apartment building, extending from the
second level upwards.
The purposes of the green wall were to obscure the view of the exterior of the
multi-level parking area, to use foliage to soften the built environment, to provide
habitat and increase diversity through the use of native and exotic plant species,
and to utilise collected rainwater. The project was completed in collaboration
between Stable Properties, Nettleton tribe Architects and green wall specialists
Fytogreen.
The wall is 206 square metres and includes 362 planting panels measuring 100cm
x 50cm x 15cm along with 44 planting panels measuring 75cm x 50cm x 15cm. It
is designed for a weight loading of 80kg/m2 dead load. The green wall was
designed to minimise maintenance and enhance resilience and natural balance.
A thorough site analysis was used as the starting point for the design to ensure
that the green wall would be successful in its environment. The swathes (planted
sections of different species) were specifically designed to control lateral wind
movement over the host wall surface, either mitigating wind damage or creating
niches for species in the leeward sides
Irrigation
The plants are irrigated
using a dripper system that
runs to each separate
module, using collected
rainwater and
supplementing with mains
water as required. Fertiliser
is also delivered via the
irrigation drip system. The
stainless steel surrounding
each panel guides any
excess moisture down to a
steel drip tray at the base of
the vertical garden.
Plants
The design of the wall features native and exotic plant species, chosen for
aesthetic appeal, durability and biodiversity. The planting plan factored in the
differing levels of sun and shade across the wall surface, and the impact of plants
shading one and other as they grow. At 15 plants per panel, a total of 5958 plants
were needed to complete the green wall. For the planting stock, 140mm
container specimens were grown in an offsite greenhouse for 8 – 12 weeks
before installation. Established plants were used because they are more resilient
to wind and provided immediate visual impact upon installation. In addition to
aesthetic appeal, plant species were chosen to be hardy, low maintenance and
shade tolerant. Many of the species used on the wall feature coloured foliage or
VERTICAL LANDSCAPING AS A SOLUTION FOR DYNAMIC FACADE 28
flowers throughout the year, contributing to the beauty of the design. Careful
consideration was given to the combination of species used, and their placement
in relation to each other. All species were selected to best offer cumulative
controls of pests and disease spread, wind, light, moisture and to manage
competition between species. The long-term growth patterns and likely reaction
to the environment were also considered. High foliage coverage was sought for
visual appeal and also to out-compete weeds.
Maintenance
By choosing species that respond well to each other, the green wall requires less
maintenance than a more rigid design. The owners favoured this approach
because it offered a long term, adaptable and sustainable solution. Maintenance
is moderately fluid, pending seasonal changes, client’s expectations and
aesthetic. The Triptych owners embraced natural aesthetic forms and ongoing
species self-adjusting, leading to a less restrictive maintenance process. Knuckle
boom lift access, requiring a small team of horticulturists, is generally conducted
every 3 months, though this is flexible. Monthly checks are conducted by a single
person, to assess water supply, quality and general garden condition.
Location
RMIT University city campus
124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne
Completion date
2011
Context
Retrofit, no heritage
considerations
Size
122 square metres
The RMIT University city campus in Melbourne is a publicly accessible space made
up of historical and modern buildings, interspersed with functional open areas.
Building 21 was acquired by the university in 1997. Designed in the late 1950’s as
part of the original Magistrates Court Legal Precinct it sits landlocked between
the Francis Ormond Building and Building 20 with the back of the building facing
RMIT. This building looked out of place in the wider University Lawn Precinct and
needed a face lift to bring it in line with the wider aesthetic. A green façade was
constructed on the rear of the building to meet these design objectives.
PLANTS
Forty nine individual plants were installed in the planter boxes, each were
140mm pot size. Temporary bamboo supports were used to help the plants
grow up and onto the trellis. For pre-grown plants, plastic clips were used at
intervals of 40cm to secure the climber to the trellis. Provided by Ronstan, the
clips are designed to allow for the plant to grow.
Pre-construction
8 months post-construction
MAINTENANCE
The Building 21 green façade design considered maintenance requirements. The
location of the façade was considered feasible because the site can be accessed
with an elevated work platform. The planter boxes are raised above pedestrian
level, but are low enough to be accessed using a ladder. The green façade
requires a moderate level of maintenance, which is contracted to Rick Page
Landscaping, the university’s general landscaping contractor. Regular
maintenance tasks include:
• Inspection of irrigation system function using ladder) -Monthly
• Prune and retrain climber using elevated work platform – Twice annually (spring
and autumn)
• Fertilisation - Twice annually (autumn & spring), plus additional if required
• Comprehensive visual inspection (from ground) - Monthly
• General inspections – Weekly
RESULTS
The university and maintenance contractors consider the project to be a great
success. The ongoing level of maintenance required is able to be carried out as
part of general RMIT landscaping. The level of plant growth has exceeded
expectations, due in part to carefully planned maintenance and species selection.
RMIT are very satisfied with the project and feel that it has met all of their
expectations. The green façade has successfully transformed the appearance of
the plain brick building into an appealing continuation of the green landscape.
The green façade has added another dimension to University Lawn Precinct,
integrating the building with vegetated courtyards and gardens below
VERTICAL LANDSCAPING AS A SOLUTION FOR DYNAMIC FACADE 32
KMC COOPERATE OFFICE
LOCATION: LAXMI CITY, WHITEFIELDS, HITEC CITY, HYDERABAD, TELANGANA,
INDIA
The corporate buildings employ the idea of a double skin as an energy saving and
visually striking device. The inner skin of the building is a reinforced concrete
frame with commonly uses aluminium windows.
The outer façade comprises of a custom cast aluminum trellis with hydroponic
trays integrated for growing a variety of plant species. The trellis also has an
integrated misting system in order to control and regulate the amount of water
released to the plants and trays. The principal of the façade is inspired by the idea
of double skin that allows a modulation of light and air through the building.With
hydroponic trays integrated for growing a variety of plant species. The trellis also
has an integrated misting system in order to control and regulate the amount of
water released to the plants and trays. The principal of the façade is inspired by
the idea of double skin that allows a modulation of light and air through the
building.
This is in contrast to the business-as-usual idea of the ‘Greenwell’, which is a
simple application on a surface purely serving an aesthetic, not a performative
Trellis Creepers
Ariel view
Internal facade
5.1 ANALYSIS
The plants are The plants are of The shrubs are The creepers are not
increasing in size in different types not growing in growing in size
Growth
a duration of and are growing size
approx. 8 months in sizes
The plants are not The plants are not The shrubs are The creepers are
flexible to move on allowed to move free to move in allowed to move in
Mobile
any direction and in any direction any direction downward direction
cannot change except from front except in
after it attains its side upward
full growth direction
The plants are The plants are The plants are The plants are lively
Lively lively and façade lively and façade lively and façade and façade changes
changes because of changes because changes because of changes
changes occur in of changes occur because of occur in plants
plants species in plants species changes occur in species
plants species
6.1 CONCLUSION
6.2 RECOMMENDATION
6.2 RECOMMENDATION
Birla cement building’s facade (dynamic façade) can be replaced by
vertical landscaping, if needed
The type of plants suitable for hot and dry region should be selected
Some suitable plants for vertical garden