reco [TT ELL Question Paper Code : 71452 \ \P ” B.E/B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL/MAY 2017. ce Fourth/Sixth Semester Bio Medical Engineering BM 6401 — MEDICAL PHYSICS (Common to Medical Electronics Engineering) (Regulations 2013) Time : Three hours ‘Maximum : 100 marks 10. Answer ALL questions. -PART A — (10 x 2= 20 marks) What is a ‘radiation weighting factor’? Does the tetina have a fairly uniform spatial resolution’? A red cell has a diameter of about 10 jm. What frequency of ultrasound would have a wavelength of this distance? Is 100 kHz a typical value for a Doppler frequency? What is the major limitation on pulsed Doppler systems used to image blood flow? On what common principle do a,f and y detectors depend? Can a radiation be stopped by a piece of paper? How many stable isotopes have Technetium? What is the approximate half-life oft C? What are the three ways of minimizing radiation dose to the workers? What are the three constituents of linear coefficient of attenuation at interaction of radiation with matter? Write a short note on Bremsstrahlung radiation. Define the Bragg curve.11. 12, 13, 14. 16. 16. (a) () (a) (b) @) (b) (a) () (a) (b) (a) ) PART B— (6 x 13 = 65 marks) What are the health risks of non-ionising radiation? Explain in detail, Or Write down and explain the physical importance of Snell's Law. Mention an example of utilization in describing the physiological processes in the human body, Explain the biophysical effect of sound and ultrasound on organism. Or The sound volume of a normal talk is 60dB. What will be the level of sound in an auditorium during a break when two hundred students will talk at the same time, if the sound absorption is 50 % and the level of surrounding noise is 20%. Discuss the reactor produced and cyclotron produced radio nuclides in medicine. Or Explain the procedure for extracting Technitium-99m from the molybdenum generator. Describe the mechanisms by which gamma radiation loses energy when it interacts with tissue. Or Deseribe the difference between photoelectric absorption and Compton scattering. Explain which of these effects is most useful in x-ray radiography. Explain KERMA and absorbed dose in terms of the mass energy transfer coefficient and mass energy absorption coefficient respectively. Or Briefly describe the Bragg-Cray cavity theory and clearly define the parameters involved, PART C — (1x 15 = 15 marks) Write down mathematically and explain the basic law of radioactive decay. What are the benefits of radionuclide in medicine? Describe how a proton is accelerated to megavoltage energies in a modern cyclotron. Or What is Doppler Effect? Explain its clinical applications and derive an expression for Doppler frequency. 2 71452