Fm Transmitter with only one Transistor

I was looking for a project to make for fun when i found this FM transmitter, i got curious
because it is a best project for fun as well as you tube, it is a simple FM transmitter but i
make it it the simplest. I replaced the variable capacitor with a fixed one, re-calculated its
frequency to be able to tune it only by the coil instead of the variable capacitor.
This circuit design is unstable because its resonant frequency drifts off if you get your hands
close to the antenna or the circuit, the length of the antenna affects the resonant frequency
so you should fix it on a fix place so that its frequency remain constant.
Note: It is a very simple transmitter but its range can be 2 km if u attach long antenna with it.

Components Required
R1 : 100ohm resistor
R2 : 4.7 ohms resistor
C1 : 1nF ceramic capacitor
C2 : 47pf ceramic capacitor
Q : bc2655,2n222 or 2N3094
L : 212nH (5 turns of 15 gauge copper wire)
Mic : Condenser mic
Bat : 3v battery and its holder
Ant : Ideally a piece of wire, 1/4 or 1/2 of the wavelength of the frequency if you want more
range then use roof antenna and adjust frequency to increase and decrease the space
between inducter coil.
Note
6v battery can be used to increase the range of this transmitter
Circuit Diagram

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Working of FM Transmitter Circuit
The following circuit diagram shows the FM transmitter circuit and the required electronic
and electrical components for this circuit is the power supply of 3v to 6V, capacitor,resistor,
inductor, mic and antenna. Let us consider the microphone to understand the sound signals
and inside the mic there is a presence of captive sensor. It produces according to the
vibration to the change of air pressure and the AC signal.
The formation of the oscillating tank circuit can be done through the transistor of sc2655 by
using the induct0r and capacitor. The transistor used in this circuit is a general purpose
amplification transistor. If the current is passed at the inductor coil and capacitor then the
tank circuit will oscillate at the resonant carrier frequency of the FM modulation. The
negative feedback will be the capacitor to the oscillating tank circuit.
FM transmitter circuit requires an oscillator To generate the radio frequency carrier waves.
The tank circuit is derived from the LC circuit to store the energy for oscillations. The input
audio signal from the mic penetrated to the base of the transistor, which modulates the LC
tank circuit carrier frequency in FM format. The variable capacitor can be used to change
the resonant frequency for fine modification to the FM frequency band but i did not used
variable capacitor because i have to made it very simple for students. The modulated signal
from the antenna is radiated as radio waves at the FM frequency band and the antenna is
nothing but copper wire of 20 cm long and 24 gauge. In this circuit the length of the antenna
should be significant and here you can use the 25-27 inches long copper wire of the antenna
or you can also increase its length with inductor coil for adjustment.
Application of Fm Transmitter
The FM transmitters are used in the homes like sound systems in halls to fill the sound with
the audio source.
These are also used in the cars and fitness centers.
The correctional facilities have used in the FM transmitters to reduce the prison noise in
common areas.
It can also be used as hidden security voice.
Advantages of the FM Transmitters
The FM transmitters are easy to use and the price is very low with clear sound.
The efficiency of the transmitter is very high.
It has a large operating range.
This transmitter will reject the noise signal from an amplitude variation so it has very clear
sound.
Disadvantages of the FM Transmitter
In the FM transmitter the huge wider channel is required.
The FM transmitter and receiver will tend to be more complex.
Due to some interference there is poor quality in the received signals
In this article we have discussed about the FM transmitter circuit working and its
applications. I hope by reading this article you have gained some basic knowledge about the
working of FM transmitter.
if you have any question about any circuit of electronic you can comment any time