CHAPTER-III

METHODOLOGY

The methodology of research indicates the general pattern of organizing

procedures for gathering valid and valuable data for the purpose of investigation. This

chapter includes Research approach, Research design and variables under study,

setting, and population, criteria for the sample selection, sample size, sampling

technique, and description of tool, method of data collection and method of data

analysis. The success of research depends largely upon the suitability of the method,

the tools and the techniques that the researcher follows to gather adequate data.

Kothri C. R. (2006), Researcher methodology is a way to systematically solve

the problem. It may be understood as a science of studying how research is done

scientifically.

SOURCES OF DATA
Data will be collected from 50 hypertensive patients admitted in chirayu

medical hospital.

MATERIALS AND METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

RESEARCH APPROACH

Dr. T. Vasundhara Tulasi (2011), Research approach is the whole design

including assumption, the process of inquiry, the type of data collected and the

measuring of findings.

A quantitative evaluative research approach was used to assess the knowledge

among cesarean mother.

48
RESEARCH DESIGN

Polit and Beck (2011), A research design is the overall plan for addressing a

research question, including specification for enhancing the study's integrity.

In present study, one group pre-test post-test research design was used.

49
 RESEARCH APPROACH
(Quantitative research approach)

SETTING
(Medical ward in Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal)

TARGET POPULATION
(Hypertensive Patient)

ACCESSIBLE POPULATION
(Hypertensive patient present in medical ward in CMCH)

SAMPLE SIZE
(50 Hypertensive Patient)

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
(Convenient Sample Technique)

TOOL & DATA COLLECTION

(Self Structured Questionnaire)

DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION

REPORTING THESIS

Figure-3.1 : Schematic presentation of research design

50
VARIABLES
Suresh K. Sharma, variables are qualities, quantity, properties or

characteristics of people, things or situations that change or vary.

 Independent Variable: planned teaching programme.

 Dependent Variable: Knowledge of life style adaptation among hypertensive

patients.

POPULATION
Polit and Beck (2012), Population is the entire set of individuals or objects

having some common characteristics.

In present study, population is hypertensive patient.

 Target population:

Dr. T. Vasundhara Tulasi, Population is the entire set of cases about which,

the researcher would like to make generalization.

In present study, the target population were hypertensive patient.

 Accessible population:

Polit and Beck, The population of people available for particular study; often

a non–random subset of the target population.

In the present study the accessible population were hypertensive patient in

medical ward, Chirayu medical college and hospital.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
Polit and beck (2012), sampling is a process of selecting a portion of the

population to represent the entire population.

In this present study Convenient sample technique was used .

51
SAMPLE SIZE

Polit and Beck (2012) sample size is the number of people who participate in

a study ; an important factor in the power of the analysis and in statistical conclusion

validity.

In the present study sample size comprises a total of 50 hypertensive patient.

SAMPLING SELECTION CRITERIA

Inclusion Criteria

 Patients who are diagnosed as hypertensive only.

 Patients who are willing to participate.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Patients whoare not willing

2. Patients who are not present

3. Patients who are critically ill

DURATION OF STUDY

One week of data collection.

DESCRIPTION OF THE TOOL

The structured questionnaire has two sections:

 Section-A: Socio Demographic Data

Section A consist of 5 items of the sample characteristics that are:- age,

educational qualification, religion, occupation, type of family, dietary pattern, and

previous history of hypertensive patients.

52
 Section–B: Structured questions

Consist of 25 questions related to knowledge assessment regarding hypertensive

patients.

KNOWLEDGE EVALUATION CRITERIA

The total score of the questionnaire was 30 with one score for every correct

answer by the sample.

The knowledge score is shown as follows:

Knowledge level Score

Poor 0-7

Average 8-14

Good 15-22

Very Good 23-30

Maximum score = 30

VALIDITY OF TOOL

Validity refers to the degree to which an instrument measures what is supposed

to be measuring.

The prepared instrument along with the objectives, criteria for evaluation and

the structured questionnaire were submitted to the expert in the fields of Medical

Surgical Nursing. The experts had give their opinion and suggestion regarding the

relevance and appropriateness of the tool. The recommendation and suggestion of the

expert were considered to modify the questionnaire as well as the content of the

structured teaching program.

53
SUMMARY

This chapter deals with research approach , research design, research setting,

population, sample and sampling technique, sample size, sample criteria, development

of tools, data collection procedure .

54