COLLABORATIVE LEARNING BY USING WEB 2.

0
Jihan Fauziah, Nursalina, Tiara Alamsyah Putri

Abstract
The purpose of this journal is to introduce how Web 2.0 impacts
collaborative learning. Web 2.0 provides social software that is
intuitively attractive to support collaborative learning. This
technology is very influential especially in the field of
education. At this advanced age, students' abilities in learning
are required to be more advanced. One of them is using web
2.0, which includes Wikipedia, Weblog, Yahoo, Google
Document, Blogs, Podcasting, etc. With some of the benefits of
web 2.0, we can establish that Web 2.0 applications provide
many educational benefits for students, therefore, contributing
to providing opportunities for further learning is one way to
improve students' understanding of technological developments
so that this application can make learning collaborative. Web
2.0 technologies provide an open platform to promote active
user interaction and participation anytime and anywhere,
enabling the creation, sharing and transfer of knowledge.
Using Web 2.0 technology can enhance team-based
collaborative learning.

Keywords: Web 1.0, Web 2.0, Collaborative learning

INTRODUCTION

In 1980, technology was known in information and communication in the field of

websites. The technology is very helpful in the field of communication between people in the

entire world because it can see and share information displayed by written website information

owners and can be accessed throughout the world.

Around 1997, the technology was increasingly developing for a website display. If the

previous year was only in the form of writing, now images can also be displayed. For example,

Google in 1999-1999 only wrote the writing but now there are images that are used to become
icons from Google. The development of human resources also affects the development of

technology, one of which is in the field of websites.

Today, technology is increasingly advanced demanding humans to work smarter in

working on existing tasks. The technology is very influential especially in the field of education.

At this advanced age, students' abilities in learning are required to be more advanced. Students

are asked to collaborate together in completing their assignments. As it is known, the task is

increasing and the level of difficulty is getting higher, thus requiring them to have the ability to

collaborate well with their peers. To be able to collaborate they also need technology that can

help them in completing their tasks. One of them is to use several programs which include

Wikipedia, Weblog, Yahoo, Google Document, etc. By using web 2.0, we can communicate with

each other with the closest people and people in remote areas.

Web 2.0 technology is defined by Wikipedia as the Web development and Web

design that “facilitates interactive information sharing, interoperability, user-centered design,

and collaboration on the World Wide Web. Examples of Web 2.0 include Web-based

communities, hosted services, Web applications, social-networking sites, video-sharing sites,

wikis, blogs, mashups, and floksonomies. A Web 2.0 site allows its users to interact with

other users or to change Website content, in contrast to non-interactive Websites where users

are limited to the passive viewing of information that is provided to them”

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2.9).

Web 2.0 technology is not a new version of the Web, but rather, is the

realization of the Web’s potential. Web 2.0 technology does not really constitute any new

technical standards but it indicates new ways of using the Internet as a platform for interactive

applications (McLean, Richards, and Wardman, 2007). Musser and O’Reilly (2007, p.13)
posited that Web 2.0 technology “harnesses collective intelligence through an architecture of

participation”, which is attained by “actively involving users both explicitly and implicitly,

minimizing the barriers to product adoption and use, and by designing products that encourage

viral network-driven growth”.

Technology has formed relationships between each other not only kinship but also

foreigners. One of the tools commonly used is Web 1.0. This is a program designed for everyone

to connect in a good and integrated connection. But, because changes are happening so fast that

technology is developing more rapidly. One program that was developed from the previous

program was Web 2.0. It provides social software to inspire and support new ways of interacting.

In education, Web 2.0 is very attractive for support that has the potential to provide collaborative

learning. By allowing users to add values to the content, Web 2.0 technology could harness

collective intelligence to enable knowledge construction, knowledge sharing, and knowledge

transfer (Rollet et al., 2007). Additionally, Web 2.0 technology may produce powerful learning

experience when it serves as cognitive reflection and amplification tools (i.e., mind tools) that

assist users to establish meaning through the act of self-design of knowledge databases (Boulos,

Maramba, and Wheeler, 2006).

It can be concluded that in the 80s the web that we used to communicate was web 1.0

while in the era we are now using web 2.0. Web 1.0 usher can only see the information while

web 2.0 makes usher to communicate more flexibly.

WEB 1.0

Web 1.0 is the old version web 2.0. In web 1.0, people can only search and brochure

certain information. This was the first implementation of the web and took place from 1989 to
2005. The first iteration of the web represented web 1.0. According to Berners-Lee, it is "web

read-only." That means web 1.0 makes it easy for users to see information and read it. What web

users want is for their information to be available at any time, but a little interaction where users

can exchange information together but it is impossible to interact with the website, so the role of

web 1.0 is very passive.

Information entered on web 1.0 will be identified by global identifiers called Uniform

Resources Identifiers. According to Berners Lee, first generation webs are only static pages of

this age and the purpose of sending content. Web 1.0 has several characteristics, namely web 1.0

can only read content, build information that is always active and make information available to

anyone at any time, and web pages and basic use for those who have new sites on this website. In

addition, web 1.0 has limitations, namely Web pages 1.0 can only make readers focus on certain

sites, the Web master is fully responsible for approving users and managing website content, and

lack of Dynamic representation so that only users can get certain information. find out more

details about the information.

WEB 2.0

Web 2.0 is the second generation of the World Wide Web. Technological developments

have greatly influenced the development of the web. From the web, 1.0 evolved into web 2.0.

According to Barners Lee identified web 2.0 as a "read-write" web. Web 2.0 offers better

convenience for users. Unlike the previous generation, web 2.0 is able to contribute content and

distribute it with other web users. The basic difference between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0 is that

there are several content creators in Web 1.0 with most users only using user content, while each

participant can become a content creator in Web 2.0 and a lot of technology help is created.
Created to maximize the potential for content creation, the use of web 2.0 can support larger ones

and manage a larger global crowd with shared interests in social interaction. According to

O'Reilly, defining web 2.0 on its website is as follows: "Web 2.0 is a business revolution in the

computer industry caused by the move to the internet as a platform, and an effort to understand

the rules for success on new platforms. The chief among these rules is this. Building applications

that utilize network effects to be better, more people use them.

"By using Web 2.0, users can interact with many people through available websites.

In the current development, Web 2.0 technology is becoming popular in the learning and

teaching environment. Among them some online collaboration stationery, such as wikis and

blogs, have been integrated into educational settings. Research was carried out on various

subjects related to wikis, while other comparable tools such as Google Docs and EtherPad were

still largely unexplored in the literature. This work presents a case study that discusses students'

perceptions of collaborative education using Google Docs and EtherPad. Both of these tools

provide opportunities for many users to create the same document, provide separate spaces for

written communication, and are promoted by software designers to make it easy to use without

prior training. Related work on factors depends on factors such as gender, age, digital

competence, interest in digital tools, educational settings, and choice of stationery, and facilitates

whether the tool is easy to use and effective in work groups. Web 2.0 is designed to "facilitate

interactive, information sharing, interoperability, user-centered design, and collaboration on the

World Wide Web. Examples of Web 2.0 such as: including web-based communities, hosted

services, web applications, social networking sites, videos Sharing sites, wikis, blogs, mashups,

and onomies. Web 2.0 sites allow users to communicate with other users or change website

content, in contrast to non-interactive websites where users can access to see information
provided to them. Technology Web 2.0 is not a new version of the Web, discussing the potential

of the Web. Web 2.0 does not really create new technical standards but shows new ways to use

the Internet as a platform. For interactive applications (McLean, Richards, and Wardman, 2007)

Musser and O'Reilly (2007, p. 13) understand that technology is Web 2.0 "using collective

intelligence through active participation in", achieved "involving users both directly and

indirectly. Minimize barriers to product adoption and use, and by designing products that

encourage growth driven by connected networks ".

Web 2.0 Website Types:

Audio BlogPod Blogging Bookmarking Calendars

Chats Collaboration Communication Community CRM

E-commerce E-learning E-mail File sharing Forums

Games Images Knowledge Base Lists Mapping

Mashups Multi-media Portals RSS Wiki

Learning theories such as constructivism learning theory and social-constructivism and

community practices - and their reciprocal relationships with collaborative tools related to web

2.0. There are two facts that connect one with another social-constructivism and community

practice - and their reciprocity with collaborative tools. Student quality in collaboration depends

on students' abilities in collaborative learning. on the other hand, the potential capability of web

20 in helping collaborative learning students is its main tool. Collaboration presupposes trouble-

free interaction with tools so students can work collaboratively. Web 2.0 to help research

questions, analyze and follow up on results, and draw conclusions to get collaborative.
 “Web 2.0 is the network as platform, spanning all connected devices; Web 2.0

applications are those that make the most of the intrinsic advantages of that platform: delivering

software as a continually-updated service that gets better the more people use it, consuming and

remixing data from multiple sources, including individual users, while providing their own data

and services in a form that allows remixing by others, creating network effects through an

‘architecture of participation’ and going beyond the page metaphor of Web 1.0 to deliver rich

user experiences” (O’Reilly,2005).

WEB 2.0 TOOLS

Basically web 2.0 is a program that is widely used in certain learning processes. Use of

this web uses standard and open blocks that support the internet and the web. Many web

technology applications include blogs, wikis, multimedia sharing services, content syndication,

podcasting and content tagging services. This service has been used for several years even

though new features and capabilities are being added regularly (Anderson, 2007).

WIKI

Some promising principles are represented by Wikis, and particularly Wikipedia that can

significantly transform the internet information age and they have greatly grown in popularity in

recent months and years (Connor, 2005). The first wiki engine, wiki web was developed in 1995

by Ward Cunningham (Lamb, 2004). Wikis are often used as a tool for personal information

management, knowledge management, team collaboration and as a more flexible kind of weblog

(Mattison, 2003). Wiki is a program formed from web 2.0 that can be used to help users edit or

add pages to the web. Thus, each reader can become an instant writer. Wiki can provide direct

services for users who are using it. Wikis are also often used to organize and link knowledge,

making it very easy to add or edit links and text. Another important aspect of a wiki is that it is
inherently democratic, which means that every user has the exact rights and capabilities of every

other user (Leuf and Cunningham, 2001).

BLOG

Blog is a website that is used to load various kinds of information that is up-to-date.

Many people use Blogs because it can help them think creatively and productively. When people

create a blog, it will attract attention every time they read so they can comment on information

made by the author. This template of posting and commenting has become known as blogging

which is extremely popular (Blood, 2004). Blogs are like online diaries where people can post

their thoughts, information, links and interests. There are some different forms of blogs for

instance, blogs as personal diaries, organizational blogs, corporate blogs and knowledge blogs

(Kelleher and Miller, 2006). Blogs are also more widely adopted in the enterprise, for instance,

byknowledge workers to spread their knowledge internally or to communicate with their public

(Kelleher and Miller, 2006). According to Poortman and Sloep (2005) blogs do have some

disadvantages for instance, asynchronous communication which implies that reactions on

message are not direct, but appear later which could severely slow down interaction, text-based

communication implies that non-verbal aspects of communication are not included and

information is less rich which could make harder transformation of ideas and thoughts. Despite

these shortcomings, blogs have several advantages (Poortman and Sloep, 2005). When people

make or provide information through their Blog, it will make them think more critically and be

careful in choosing the words they will write. Therefore, the blogs they make are often short and

simple. Blogging also makes discussion reports that can be read and searched that can be

recalled. Blogs are increasingly being adopted and by individuals and educational institutions

and organizations, relevant scientific literature on the latest topics.

COLLABORATIVE LEARNING

Collaboration has become a twenty-first-century trend. The need in society to think and

work together on issues of critical concern has increased (Austin, J. E., 2000; Welch, M., 1998)

shifting the emphasis from individual efforts to group work, from independence to community

(Leonard, P. E. & Leonard, L. J., 2001). Collaborative teaching and learning is a teaching

approach that involves groups of students working to solve a problem, complete a task or create

a product (MacGregor, J.T., 1990).

Collaborative learning is a form of learning that involves various groups in determining a

topic to be discussed. Usually, students work in groups of two or more, looking for

understanding, solutions, or meanings, or creating products. This activity has various variations

such as students looking for material to be discussed with members of the group in advance. In

collaborative classrooms, the process of listening to teachers may not disappear completely, but

this process takes place along with other processes based on student discussion and active work

with the material to be worked on. In collaborative learning, students are expected to be more

active in finding information. One tool that can help them is web 2.0. That will make it easier for

them to exchange ideas and information through websites they have such as Blogs. They can

give each other criticism in the Blog. We can create our own blog by using sites like

Blogger.com or we can participate in a blog developed by a group of teachers who want to share

ideas and information. A wiki is a web-based source that allows users to engage in collaborative

writing and editing. A group of teachers or students can work together on a paper or project,

providing direct feedback for ideas as entered in the document. These two collaboration tools

provide opportunities for students to share information with others.

Educational Impact of Web 2.0

 At present, many people need education because of very rapid technological

advancements. Every year there are many changes in education, technology and communication.

That means, everyone is expected to compete critically and productively. One way to find out the

rapid development of technology is to use web 2.0. We can classify learning attitudes as passive

and active. Passive learning is less effective because students only accept what the teacher

teaches. In active learning students find out what they want to find. Students not only need to

listen but also read, write, discuss, or engage in problem solving (Chickering & Gamson, 1987).

In-depth learning involves students not only memorizing but also involving higher level tasks

such as analysis, synthesis and evaluation. So, this can give students time to be able to discuss,

practice and use the knowledge learned in class. The concept of Web 2.0 shows the right way to

develop such an environment. It also provides an opportunity to collaborate with everyone in the

world both students, lecturers and professors. Students no longer become listeners in seeking

information. They get many opportunities to interact with others on the same topic. Active

learning connects students with online communities that provide a better learning experience

than a less interactive educational environment.

DISCUSSION

In this journal we discussed how collaboration learning uses web 2.0. we have found that

blogs are very useful in collaborative learning. This paper also explains the use of education and

the benefits of blogs. Richardson (2006) lists some of the positive effects of blogs on learners.

Blogs have many benefits for their use. Blogs allow students to find information perfectly with

regard to dates in the academic year and do not present anything new besides providing

chronological order of information (Downes, 2004). In learning by using this Blog can allow

students to submit their comments on articles and websites. Students share opinions and learn to
improve their information and opinions from other posts. Both students and teachers can learn

from each other by using a blog. To use Web 2.0 correctly, Web 2.0 can support collaborative

learning with a strong emphasis on understanding how member groups relate to each of the

programs that are connected.

CONCLUSION

In this journal, we have explained how collaboration learning uses web 2.0. The rapid

advancement of technology leads everyone to be more active and productive in giving and

seeking information. One tool that can help people develop their ideas and thoughts is to use web

2.0. There are many activities that can be linked to web 2.0 such as collaborative learning. There

are many kinds of Web 2.0 such as blogs, wikis, podcasts; Social bookmarking and Google Docs

are very useful for learning. All types of web can increase interaction between users and

students. In using this site, students can be more active in both receiving information and seeking

information. In addition, using this site can attract students and teachers to create collaborative

learning together. Students use blogs, wikis, podcasts, social bookmarking, and Google Docs

every day in their personal lives because of the benefits provided by web 2.0. Finally,

educational institutions can push themselves into attractive and very attractive positions for

students.

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