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Ce document n'est pas une norme internationale. Il est distribué pour examen et commentaires. Il est sujet à changement
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#Pages [1]
ISO/TC 213 Distribué aux membres P et O, ainsi qu'aux
comités et organisations techniques en liaison
pour: #Pages #Pages
[1] #Pages
[1] #Pages
[1] [1
Titre
discussion à
Produit dimensionnel et géométrique [lieu/Date de la réunion]
Ds
l'agrément d'enregistrement en tant que DIS
conformément à 2.5.6 de la partie 1 des directives
ISO/CEI,
2001-12-31
Date
Titre (Français)
Spécification geometrique des produits (GPS) — instruments de mesurage tridimensionnel:
pieds àcoulisse et jauges de profondeur — cahiers de conception et cahiers métrologiques
Note introductive
Le présent projet de Comité a été soumis au scrutin dans le cadre de l'ISO/TC 213 conformément
E
au document ISO/TC 213 N 429E, résolution 460 (London 14/2000), adopté lors de la 11 séance
plénière
Le à Londres, Royaume-Uni, le 27
2001 juin.
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ISO/CD 13385
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Contenu Page
#Pages [4]
Avant-propos..................................................................................................................................................................... Iv
#Pages [5]
Introduction................................................................................................................................................................. C
1 #Pages [7]
Portée............................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 #Pages [7]
Références normatives.................................................................................................................................... 1
3 #Pages [7]
Termes et définitions..................................................................................................................................... 1
4 #Pages [8]
Caractéristiques de conception...................................................................................................................................
4,1 Conception générale et nomenclature...............................................................................................................
#Pages [8] 2
4,2 Dimensions.........................................................................................................................................................
#Pages [10] 4
4,3 Types de dispositifs d'indication..........................................................................................................................
#Pages [11] 5
4.3.1 Dispositifs d'indication analogiques........................................................................................................................
#Pages [11] 5
4,4 Dureté des faces de mesure.......................................................................................................................
#Pages [14] 8
5 #Pages [14]
Caractéristiques métrologiques......................................................................................................................... 8
5,1 Générales............................................................................................................................................................
#Pages [14] 8
5,2 Effet du verrouillage du curseur...................................................................................................................................
#Pages [14]
5,3 Erreur d'indication (MPE)...............................................................................................................................
#Pages [14] 8
5.3.1 Petite erreur de contact de surface (MPE#Pages 1)............................................................................................................
[14] 8
5.3.2 Erreur de décalage de l'échelle (MPE 2).......................................................................................................................
#Pages [14]
5.3.3 Erreur de contact de ligne (MPE 3)............................................................................................................................
#Pages [15] 9
5.3.4 Erreur de contact complet (MPE 4).............................................................................................................................
#Pages [15] 9
5,4 Fiche de spécification de l'instrument.....................................................................................................................
#Pages [15] 9
6 #Pages [16]
Étalonnage des caractéristiques métrologiques............................................................................................... 10
Annexe Ainformatif #Pages [17]
Tests d'erreurs............................................................................................................................ 11
A. 1 Méthodes d'essai.....................................................................................................................................................
#Pages [17] 11
A. 2 Erreur d'indication........................................................................................................................................
#Pages [17] 11
A. 2.1 Petite erreur de contact de surface........................................................................................................................
#Pages [17] 11
A. 2.2 Erreur de décalage de l'échelle.....................................................................................................................................
#Pages [17]
A. 2.3 Erreur de contact de ligne.............................................................................................................................................
#Pages [18]
A. 2.4 Erreur de contact complet.............................................................................................................................................
#Pages [18]
Annexe Binformatif #Pages [19]
Conseils sur l'application......................................................................................................... 13
Annexe Cinformatif #Pages [20]
Autres types de Callipers..................................................................................................... 14
Annexe Dinformatif #Pages [21]
Types de mesures..................................................................................................... 15
Annexe Einformatif #Pages [22]
Fiche de données (exemple).......................................................................................................... 16
Annexe Finformatif Relation avec le modèle de#Pages matrice[23] GPS..................................................................................... 17
F. 1 Informations sur la présente norme internationale #Pages [23] et son utilisation......................................................................
F. 2 Position dans le modèle matriciel #Pages [23]
Normes internationales connexes.................................................................................................................
GPS..............................................................................................................
#Pages [23] 17 F. 3 17
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ISO/CD 13385
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 13385 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product specification
and verifikation.
This first edition cancels and replaces ISO 3599:1976 and ISO 6906:1984 which have been technically revised.
Introduction
This International Standard is a Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as a
global GPS standard (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences chain link5 of the chains of standards on size and distance
in the general GPS matrix.
For more detailed information on the relation of this standard to other standards and the GPS matrix model see
Annex C.
1 Scope
This International Standard provides the most important design and metrological characteristics of callipers and
depth gauges
withvernierscale
2 Normative
references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 3650:1998, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Length standards — Gauge blocks
ISO 14253-1:1999 , Geometrical product specification (GPS) – Inspection by measurement of Workpieces and
measuring equipment-Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformance or non-conformance with specifications.
ISO/TS 14253-2:1999, Geometrical product specification (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of Workpieces and
measuring equipment-Part 2: Guide to the estimation of uncertainty of measurement in calibration of measuring
equipment and product verification
ISO /DIS 14978:2001, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — General concepts and requirement for GPS
measurement equipment
International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM ). BIPM, IFCC, IEC, ISO, IUPAP, OIML,
2nd edition, 1993
3.1
calliper
measuring instrument which measures on the basis of the movement of a slider with a measuring jaw, moving
relatively to a measuring scale on a beam and a firm jaw
NOTE 1 Calliper with an additional measuring face at the end of the beam and a depth measuring rod are called universal
calliper (see figure 1).
NOTE 2 The readout may be analogue or by a digital display. In the case of digital display instruments a transfer of data may
be possible.
NOTE 3 Callipers are suitable for external and internal measurements, universal callipers may be used to make many types
of measurement. The slider of a universal calliper may be developed to measure heights or steps (see Annex D).
NOTE 4 The calliper does not comply with the ABBE Principle (see Annex B).
3.2
Depth gauge
measuring instrument which measures on the basis of the movement of a slider, moving relatively to a measuring
scale on a beam fixed to the measuring face
NOTE 1 See figure 3.The readout may be analogue or by a digital display. In the case of digital display instruments a
transfer of data may be possible.
NOTE 2 Depth gauges are suitable for external and internal measurements
4 Design
characteristics
The general design and workmanship shall be such that the performance of the calliper and depth calliper complies
with the requirements of this standard under all orientation of operation unless otherwise specified by the
manufacturer.
Key:
1 Beam 6 Measuring faces for internal measurements (crossed knife edges)
2 Slider 7 Depth measuring rod
3 Fixed (measuring) jaw 8 Measuring faces for depth measurements
4 Sliding (measuring) jaw 9 Vernier scale
5 Measuring faces for external measurements 10 Main scale
Figure 1 — Example for a general design of an universal calliper respectively for external, internal and
depth measurement (Slider with locking screw or with clamping device)
Key:
1 Beam 6 Measuring faces for internal measurements
2 Slider 7 Fine adjustment clamp
3 Fixed (measuring) jaw 8 Fine adjustment nut
4 Sliding (measuring) jaw 9 Fine adjustment screw
5 Measuring faces for external measurements
Figure 2 — Example for a general design of callipers respectively for external and internal measurement
with a fine adjustment clamp
Key:
1 Beam 5 Locking screw
2 Slider 6 Vernier
3 Measuring face 7 Main scale
4 Measuring base
4.2 Dimensions
The callipers and depth gauges shall conform with the dimensions of those elements which are given in table 1.
Several types of indicating devices are possible. Analogue indicating devices with vernier scale or circular scale and
digital indicating devices with digital display. The scale interval and its unit respectively the unit of the indication of a
measuring instrument with a digital display shall be labelled.
The scale interval of the main scale on the beam of an instrument with vernier scale shall be 1 mm. The main scale
shall be longer by one vernier scale length than the measuring range of the instrument. In the case of instruments
with circular scales, the scale interval on the beam may be greater than 1 mm.
4.3.1.3 Scale
surface
The height difference between the edges of the vernier scale surface and the main scale surface shall be as small
as possible, for example 0,3 mm. The main scale surface and vernier scale surface shall be nominally at the same
level and the distance between the main scale and the vernier scale shall be as small as useful.
Figure 8 — Slider with vernier scale for readings without parallax error
Instruments with a digital display may also be capable of data transfer. In this case the manufacturer shall describe
the data output protocol (interface) in sufficient details.
Manufactures shall express clearly whether the fluid protection is given or not
Measuring faces shall have a wear-resistant and suitable surface finish and shall not be sharp-edged.
5 Metrological
characteristics
5.1 General
Instruments with a digital display may be set to zero in any position within the measuring range, instruments with a
circular scale within the range of the scale.
For calliper the metrological characteristics of this clause apply when the zero is set with the measuring faces
pressed to each other (zero setting), for depth gauges when the measuring faces are pressed against a reference
plane.
NOTE Requirements for straightness, flatness, and parallelism of the measuring faces are not given separately.
If the slider is clamped (in the case the slider is equipped with a locking screw or a clamping device), the set
dimension shall not change and the indication shall fulfil the following:
instruments with digital indication: The indicated value may vary by one digital step.
NOTE The digital display may vary by one digital step if the sliders is in a position short before the indication will change.
The requirements on the error of indication apply to any indication based on the zero setting stated in 5.1. These
requirements apply independently of the measuring range of the instrument. The error of indication must not be
greater than the maximum permissible error given by the manufacturer.
NOTE As a result, the limits of permissible error may be greater than the digital step or the vernier or the scale interval.
Error in the indicated value when the measurement is performed by using partial measuring surfaces at any position
along the jaw and at any position of the measuring range. (see A.2.1)
Error in the indicated value when using other measuring faces than the measuring faces for external measurement
provided that a full contact of the measuring faces is given.
NOTE Scale shift includes e.g. error of straightness of the measuring faces for depth measuring and change of the
direction of measuring force.
Error in the indicated value when the measurement is performed by using two parallel straight lines on the jaw
(perpendicular to the length of the jaw) at any position along the jaws. (see A.2.3)
The non parallelism shall not be taken into account because it is covered by clause 5.3.1
Error in the indicated value when the measurement is performed by using the complete measuring surface of the
jaws. Using the complete measuring surface shall be done in addition to clause 5.3.1
Each type of instrument has a specification sheet which is intended to supply the following minimum information to
the user. The manufacturer shall specify the values of the maximum permissible error and shall give information
about design requirements.
a
Table 3 — Maximum permissible errors (MPE) of indication for calliper
mm µm
up to 100 ±
above 100 up to 150 ±
Measuring force
above 150 up to 200 ± min/max..........N
above 200 up to 300 ±
Vernier scale
above 300 up to 400 ± interval.....mm
above 400 up to 600 ±
Scale interval.....mm
above 600 up to 800 ±
above 800 up to 1000 ± Digital step....mm
The global calibration of each scale point or each digital step over the measuring range will necessitate a large
number of readings to be taken. When it is considered that the intended use of the instrument does not warrant
global calibration, partial calibration or task related calibration should be taken into consideration.
For the determination of the indication errors according to table 2 and table 3 a suitable number of intervals which
are dependent on the scale interval or digital step, the total measuring range and the used measuring range are
necessary. By these values calibration curves with a fixed zero can be recorded (see figure 5 in ISO 14978).
It is possible to perform a modified global calibration by using a suitable sampling technique but this will result in an
increase in the uncertainty of measurement.
Annex A
(informative)
Error tests
A.1 Testmethods
The methods should evaluate the performance of the instrument throughout its measuring range.
The methods described below do not purport to be the only valid test methods, but they are recommended to be
used.
A calibration curve provides the simplest means of evaluating the performance of the instrument under test (see ISO
14978). Such a curve also provides useful certification evidence of calibration.
The small surface contact error may be tested by measuring a material measure with small surfaces e.g. gage
blocks, at different positions along the jaws at any position of the measuring rang (see figure A.1).
NOTE Parallelism and form deviation of the measuring surface of the jaws as well as scale errors are included
The scale shift error may be tested by measuring a gauge block of e.g. 25mm with the measuring faces for external
measuring and after that with a setting ring gauge of the same size with the measuring faces for internal measuring.
For universal calliper with crossed knife edges this test method may be performed by using a gauge block and a
setting ring gauge of 4mm.
NOTE 1 The diameter of the setting ring gauge for testing universal callipers shall not below 4mm.
NOTE 2 The same test method may be used for testing the scale shift error between measuring faces for external measuring
and the depth measuring rod.
The line contact error may be tested by measuring cylindrical material measure, e.g. cylindrical measuring pins, of a
small diameter (approximately 10 mm) at different positions along the jaws, perpendicular to the plane of jaws (see
figure A.2)
NOTE The test of the line contact error is important to detect worn measuring surfaces for used callipers.
The non parallelism shall not be taken into account because it may be tested by small surface contact (see clause
A.2.1).
The full contact error may be tested by measuring a material measure e.g. gauge blocks, which
cover the whole measuring surface of the jaws.
NOTE Alternative the full contact error may be tested by using a coordinate measuring machines
Annex B
(informative)
Advice on application
The calliper does not adhere to the conditions prescribed in the Abbe Principle. There is a tilt in the slider caused
by the clearance fit between slider and beam as well as by the pressure of the movable measuring face against the
part to be measured. This results in angular deviations which influence the measuring value and the error of
indication. To reduce this influence, the workpiece should contact the measuring surfaces of the calliper as close as
possible to the beam. For this reason, the undercut of the jaw shall be as short as possible.
Temperature and deformation factors have length-oriented influence. As a result, the smallest possible uncertainty
of measurement is larger than the smallest fraction of a millimetre which is indicated. This has to be taken into
consideration when evaluating the last fraction of a millimetre in a measured result.
In the case of digital indications, attention is to be paid to environmental factors, e.g. magnetic fields, electrical fields,
dampness, etc. which could affect the functions of the electronic components of the instrument.
The base of depth gauges extends to both the right and left sides of the beam. In either case of using one side or
both sides of the base, set the base measuring face in close contact with the face of measuring object, pressing the
base squarely so that there will be no looseness of contact between the two during measurement.
Annex C
(informative)
Annex D
(informative)
Types of Measurements
Annex E
(informative)
This data sheet is intended for the structured communication between technical experts and the purchasing
department of the same company.
Accessories: ...........................................................................................
The design and metrological characteristics refer to the International Standard ISO 13385
Design characteristics
Length a of measuring jaws: ..............mm
Length of the measuring faces: ..............mm
Length d of the measuring base: ..............mm
Measuring range: ..............mm
Vernier scale interval/Scale interval/Digital step ..............mm
Metrological characteristics
Repeatability
Errors (MPE) of indication
Maximum.........N
Minimum..........N
Company ................................
Annex F
(informative)
For full details about the GPS matrix model see ISO/TR 14638.
Global GPS-standards
General GPS-standards
Chain link number 1 2 3 4 5 6
Size
Distance
Radius
Angle
Form of a line independent of datum
Form of a line dependent of datum
Fundamental Form of a surface independent of datum
GPS Form of a surface dependent of datum
standards Orientation
Location
Circular run-out
Total run-out
Datums
Roughness profile
Waviness profile
Primary profile
Surface imperfections
Edges
Figure F.1
Bibliography
[1] ISO/TR 14638:1995 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Masterplan
ISO/TR 14253-2:2000 Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of workpiece [2]
and measuring instruments - Part 2: Guide to the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of
measuring instruments and in product verification
st
[3] Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) 1 edition 1993 issued by BIPM, IEC, IFCC,
ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, OIML ISBN 92-67-10188-9