FUTURISTIC URBAN

A REPORT ON:

DEVELOPMENT - VANDALUR

TEAM MEMBERS
- SRIVIDHYA
- JENEFA
- NAREN
- ABDUL
- RAKSHITHA
- RACHEL
- THENAPPAN
- NAVEEN
- REKA
- PREETHI
- RAJKUMAR
HEADING (ARIAL- B - 20)

Sub- Heading (Arial - I - 16)

Content (Arial - N - 12) (Example: Connect the different residential zones, based
on the income groups. Provide housing for the lake encroachers in close
proximity. Lake redevelopment to be connected with urban spaces. Create an
identity for the area revolving the lake-front development. Prevent
industrialization towards the lake side.)

 Points (example)

 Connect the different residential zones, based on the income groups.

 Provide housing for the lake encroachers in close proximity.

PAGE NO.
CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
 Introduction
 Aim and Objectives
 Study area
 Map
 Connectivity
 Proximity
 History
 Morphology

ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING CONDITIONS

 Land-Use
 Demographics
 Topography
 Climate and Ecology
 Transportation and Network
 Infrastructures, Services and Utilities
 Surveys and Questionnaires
 Streetscape
 Built-form Context
 Socio- economic Context
1. Mapping - Behavior and Activity Mapping

STANDARDS AND BYLAWS-

ANALYSIS
 Figure-ground Mapping
 Typological analysis
 Comparative analysis
 Spatial analysis
 Ped-shed analysis
 Identifying Issue and Consequences
 Statistics

CONCLUSION AND INFERENCE

PAGE NO.
INTRODUCTION

Vandalur is a residential locality in Southern part of the metropolitan city of Chennai in the
Indian state of Tamil Nadu. it is a neighbourhood in the southwestern part of Chennai city.It
has the Arignar Anna Zoological Park, which houses some rare species of wild flora and
fauna. The neighbourhood is served by Vandalur railway station of the Chennai Suburban
Railway network.
Vandalur forms the junction of the Vandalur-Kelambakkam Road, Connecting the Grand
Southern Trunk Road (GST) with Old Mamallapuram Road (OMR). The Outer Ring Road
(Vandalur - Minjur) is a major transport corridor being developed along the periphery of
Chennai.

CONNECTIVITY
co-ordinates12° 53 24″ N, 80° 4′ 48″ E

PAGE NO.
 Vandalur is a residential area approximately 6 km to the south of Tambaram. It is adjacent
to the Neighbourhood of Peerkankaranai, Perungalathur, Mudichur, Mannivakkam

VANDALUR- KELAMBAKKAM JUNCTION TIMELINE

2017 – Bridge is
2002 -Four lane proposed and roads are
road is constructed widened from the sides
to accommodate the
bridge.

2014-Roads are further Present – 2019

Widened to accomodate Bridge construction
the increasing traffic. is ongoing

WALAJABAD ROAD/BRIDGE TIMELINE

2002- Only 2009 – Before 2012 –

single lane the bridge was 2017- Construction
(two way) proposed PRESENT almost over
road present.

2007- Road 2009 – Before

the bridge 2009 – Before
were widen to
was proposed the bridge was
accommodate
proposed
traffic

PAGE NO.
AIMS:
TO ENVISION VANDALUR AS “THE SOUTHERN GATEWAY OF CHENNAI” BY
CREATING A MULTI-MODAL TRANSIT HUB , ENHANCING ACCESSIBILITY AND
IMPARTING SEAMLESS TRAVEL.

OBJECTIVES:
 IMPROVE THE STREETSCAPE AND INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES.
 PROMOTE INTERMEDIATE PUBLIC TRANSPORT (IPT) SYSTEMS FOR LAST
MILE CONNECTIVITY.
 TO DECONGEST AND DISPOSE THE INTER AND INTRA TRAFFIC.

PAGE NO.
STUDY AREA:
AREA OF INTEREST
THE STRETCH OF ABOUT 1.6KMS ALONG THE GST ROAD , WHERE THE MAJOR
TRAFFIC OCCURES STARTING FROM URAPAKKAM BRIDGE TILL THE VANDALUR
ROUND TANA .WHICH COVERS THE MAJOUR HOTSPOTS OF VANDALUR ZOO ,
KELAMBAKKAM ROAD ,ORR EXIT , RAIWAY STATION & WALAJABAD ROAD
FLYOVER .

ALONG THE EITHER SIDE OF THE GST ROAD A STRETCH BETWEEN 250-300mts IS
CONCIDERED TO UNDERSTAND THE TRAFFIC SPLITUP FROM MAJOR ROADS TO
THE MINOR & PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT .

THE BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES & PLACES WITH HISTORIC

SIGNIFICANCE IS ALSO CONCIDERED .

PAGE NO.
LANDUSE MAP

PAGE NO.
CONNECTIVITY
Vandalur is a residential area approximately 6 km to the south of Tambaram. It is adjacent
to the Neighbourhood of Peerkankaranai, Perungalathur, Mudichur, Mannivakkam.

ROAD-
Vandalur forms the junction of the Vandalur-Kelambakkam Road, Connecting the Grand
Southern Trunk Road (GST) with Old Mamallapuram Road (OMR). The Outer Ring Road
(Vandalur - Minjur) is a major transport corridor being developed along the periphery of
Chennai Metropolitan Area by the CMDA. The Vandalur Flyover inaugurated on January
2012 will connect the east and west side of the Vandalur railway station. It will have a
bowstring design similar to that of Rangarajapuram flyover.[2] A satellite commercial
corridor is likely to be developed along the Outer Ring Road (ORR)

65-acre terminus for south-bound buses at Vandalur: The Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus
in Koyambedu, when opened in 2002, was touted as the largest in Asia. Now, the Chennai
Metropolitan Development Authority has identified land for a new terminus in Vandalur, that
will be more than twice the size of the CMBT, to handle south-bound long-distance buses
and ease the pressure on the Koyambedu facility.

Distance Chart
Destination (From Vandalur) Distance(km) Time (Minutes)
Tambaram 6 20
Chengalpattu 24 45
Maraimalai Nagar 15 18
Mudichur 4 15

RAIL-
The nearest train station is Vandalur Railway Station on the Chennai Suburban Railway
line. The proposed Chennai monorail project envisages two lines from Vadalur - Vandalur to
Puzhal and Vandalur to Velachery.

PAGE NO.
PROXIMITY
The nearest railway station in and around Vandalur
The nearest railway station to Vandalur is Vandalur which is located in and around 1.1
kilometer distance. The following table shows other railway stations and its distance from
Mamakudi.
Vandalur railway station 1.1 KM.
Urappakkam railway station 3.6 KM.
Perungulattur railway station 3.8 KM.
Tambaram railway station 5.0 KM.
Karasangal railway station 5.6 KM.

Nearest airport to Vandalur:

Vandalur‘s nearest airport is Tambaram Air Force Station situated at 4.7 KM distance. Few
more airports around Vandalur are as follows.
Tambaram Air Force Station 4.7 KM.
New Chennai International Airport 14.4 KM.
Chennai International Airport 14.4 KM.

Nearest districts to Vandalur:

The other nearest district head quarters is thiruvallur situated at 30.0 KM distance from
Vandalur . Surrounding districts from Vandalur are as follows.
Thiruvallur ( thiruvallur ) district 30.0 KM.
Chennai ( chennai ) district 31.5 KM.
Kanchipuram ( kanchipuram ) district 41.7 KM.
Vellore ( vellore ) district 102.3 KM.
Puducherry ( puducherry ) district 110.8 KM.

Nearest town/city to Vandalur:

Vandalur‘s nearest town/city/important place is Perungalathur located at the distance of 1.9
kilometer. Surrounding town/city/TP/CT from Vandalur are as follows.
Perungalathur 1.9 KM.
Peerkankaranai 2.1 KM.
Vandalur 2.9 KM.
Urapakkam 3.7 KM.
Tambaram 5.5 KM.

PAGE NO.
 Schools in and around Vandalur:
Vandalur nearest schools has been listed as follows.
Cresent School 1.1 KM.
St John%e2%80%99s Matriculation School Estd 1981 1.2 KM.
Prashanth Jain School 1.2 KM.
Shalom School 1.3 KM.
Ebenazer Mat School 1.4 KM.

Beaches in and around Vandalur:

Vandalur‘s nearest beach is Golden Beach located at the distance of 18.8 kilometers.
Surrounding beaches from Vandalur are as follows.
Golden Beach 18.8 KM.
Thiruvanmiyur Beach 21.8 KM.
Adyar Beach 22.4 KM.
Elliots Beach 23.5 KM.
Santhome Beach 24.5 KM.

SALIENT FEATURES:
•Vandalur being a tourist spot since 1855 and is the first pubic national park in Indian
was always a known and quite busy place from ancient time .
• Popular educational institute present around it like Srm university , Crescent school etc.
• GST Road passing through this leading to south west parts of the states and road network
leading to Mahabalipuram is also made which is another historic tourist place of the city .
• Software companies like Zoho and infosis .
• proper public transport facilities like city bus and local train .
• Many housing projects like apartments and villas being executed because of the population
in the central city ,cost ,traffic, water ,pollution and other reasons people tend to settle here .
• For the Real Estate market and for the investors, Vandalur and adjoining areas which
already has seen much activity because of the Outer Ring Road and its connectivity to
Oragadam, Sriperumbudur and OMR will continue to be one of the most happening place in
the near future.

PAGE NO.
HISTORY
Madras Zoo, which was founded in 1855. Balfour started the zoo on the museum premises,
and a year later it had over 300 animals, including mammals, birds and reptiles.[11] It was
later transferred to the Madras Corporation and shifted to People's Park near Chennai Central
railway station at Park Town in 1861, as it was growing. The municipal zoological garden
occupied one end of the 116-acre (47 ha) park and was open free to the public.[12][13]
By 1975, the zoo could no longer expand, and it had to be moved out of the city because of
space constraints and increased noise pollution due to the city's high-density traffic. Hence
it was planned in 1976 to maintain the animals in the zoo in good simulated conditions. In
1976, the Tamil Nadu Forest Department set aside 1,265 acres (512 ha) in the Vandalur
Reserve Forest on the outskirts of the city to build the current zoo, which is the largest
zoological garden in India and the Indian Subcontinent[14][15][16] and one of the largest in the
world.

The surrounding nearby villages and its distance from Vandalur are
Killukudi Kilvelur,Kurukkathi,Athipuliyur , Kootthur , Eluppur , Erukkai , Thevur , Venmani ,
Sigar , 64Manalur , 105Manalur , Therkupanaiyur , Valivalam ,Mohanur,Okkur , Pattamanga
lam , Anthakudi.

PAGE NO.
 Map during 1920 Map during late 19`s

Map during 1875 Map during 1851

PAGE NO.
Map during 1831
MORPHOLOGY
VANDALUR- KELAMBAKKAM JUNCTION

Present – 2019- Bridhe construction is ongoing

2017 – Bridge is proposed and roads are widened from the sides to accommodate the bridge.

PAGE NO.
2014-

2002

PAGE NO.
WALAJABAD ROAD/BRIDGE-

2017- PRESENT

2012 – Construction almost over

PAGE NO.
2011- During construction of the bridge

2009 – Before the bridge was proposed

PAGE NO.
2007- Road were widen to accommodate traffic

2002

PAGE NO.
ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING CONDITION:

LAND USE:

DEMOGRAPHICS
IN 2017, CHENNAI HAD A POPULATION OF 46,49,732 OF WHICH MALE WERE
23,37,844 AND FEMALE WERE 2,31,188.THE POPULATION OF VANDALUR, A PART
OF CHENNAI, IS 17,852 IN WHICH MALE CONSTITUTE 52.4% AND FEMALE
CONSTITUTE 48.6% VANDALUR HAS AN AVERAGE WORKING PERSON RATE OF
81% IN WHICH THE PERCENTAGE OF MALES ARE 63.1% AND FEMALE ARE 38.9%.

PAGE NO.
VANDALUR HAS AN AVERAGE LITERACY RATE OF 79%, HIGER THAN THE
NATIONAL AVERAGE OF 59.5% MALE LITERACY IS 85% AND FEMALE IS 72%.

AS Per 2018 Census, Vandalur Popolation

NAMES OC ST SC TOTAL

MALE 6695 1169 4823 12317

FEMALE 6102 954 3865 11291

TOTAL 12797 2123 8688 23608

DEMOGRAPHICS CHART

38% OC
53% ST
SC
9%

PAGE NO.
TRANSPORTATION:
TRAFFIC PATTERN:

• The patience and effort for pedestrians and vehicle-users to cross the junction.
• That is because Aringar Anna Zoological Parkis located near the signal and
thousands of people visit the zoo every day.The visitor traffic is very high during
public
• holidays and festivals and weekends which include large number of adults and
children. Apart from this, there are
• pedestrians who cross the GST Road to the Kelambakkam road. Many educational
institution and villages are located along this road.so there is heavy traffic flow in
Vandalur junction.
This is the time at which traffic movement is maximum and therefore the actual capacity
of the road under consideration is measured.
• As this junction connects the southern part of Tamil Nadu with Chennai, most of the
commuters make use of this at week end. Therefore the traffic load would seem to
be higher than usual from Friday evening and Monday morning. The vehicles are
classified as Four wheelers, Buses, Three wheelers and Two wheelers.

Vehicular movement

5
10

50

35

TWO WHEELERS CAR BUS PEDESTRIAN

PAGE NO.
The average traffic data for peak hours of Monday morning and Friday evening are recorded.

TRAFFIC VOLUME DATA MONDAY (9.00AM TO 10.00 AM)

TRAFFIC VOLUME DATA FRIDAY (5.00 PM TO 6.00 AM)

High traffic flow was towards Trichy during evening peak hour (4 PM to 6 PM) which
indicates tidal flow towards north-south. It was evening rush hour. So flow was higher
towards the south. High traffic was flowing towards Chennai
North during peak hour (9 AM to 10 AM). It was morning rush hour.

VANDALUR JUNCTION- TRAFFIC VOLUME DATA

(PEAK HOURS -9 AM TO 10AM)

PAGE NO.
VEHICULAR MOVEMENTS ALONG VANDALUR JUNCTION
1.CHENNAI TO KELAMBAKKAM
2.CHENNAI TO TRICHY
3.KELAMBAKKAM TO TRICHY
4.KELAMBAKKAM TO CHENNAI

There is a bus stop on the Kelambakkam road very near to the junction and there are lots of
private vehicles parked on the same road near the bus stop. This forms a huge obstruction
to the free flow of left turning traffic at the junction.There are lots of private buses parked in
the evening on the open space near junction thus blocking the free flow of traffic towards
southern part of Tamil Nadu.

PAGE NO.
 CONNECTIVITY –VANDALUR

BUSES FROM AND VIA VANDALUR-MTC

• 500 (TAMBARAM – CHENGALPATTU)
• E18 (GUDUVANCHERRY -BROADWAY)
• G70 (GUDUVANCHERRY - VADAPALANI)
• G18(GUDUVANCHERRY – T.NAGAR)
• 21G (VANDALUR TO BROADWAY)
• 70A (VANDALUR - AVADI)
• 170A (VANDALUR - MADHAVARAM)
• 555 (TAMBARAM - THIRUPORUR)
• PP66 (VANDALUR - POONAMALLE)
• 91V (VANDALUR-THIRUVANMIYUR VIA CHROMPET)
• 70V (VANDALUR – KOYEMBEDU (TILL VADAPALANI)

EMU TRAINS CONNECTING CHENGALPATTU TO CHENNAI BEACH.

PAGE NO.
ROAD NETWORK MAP:

PAGE NO.
INFRASTRUCTURE

PAGE NO.
 PAGE NO.
VANDALUR STREETSCAPE
Street elevation of Vandalur zoo side
Street elevation opposite to Vandalur zoo
Section showing GST road and service lane Elevation through Vandalur -kelambakkam road and GST
Section showing under construction bridge on GST Street elevation of Vandalur zoo side entrance
Section across urapakkam flyover

Outer ring road entry under construction

Rear side of the station under walagabad flyover

PAGE NO.
BUILDING-FORM CONTEXT:

PAGE NO.
SOCIO – ECONOMIC CONTEXT:

RESIDENTIAL:
The side of the Railway Track opposite to the GST is mainly composed on Residential
settlements. There are very few residential settlements along the GST.
INSTITUTIONAL:
B.S. Abdur Rahman University is the one of the prominent institutions in the locality. There
are three more schools located in the vicinity.
RELIGIOUS:
The locality is composed of diversified Religious structures such as Temples, Mosques and
Churches.
GREEN SPACES:
Sakthi Nagar Park is the only demarcated community park apart from the famous Green
Spaces in the Vandalur Zoo. Although there are a lot of open spaces/ Vacant lands in the
locality, they aren’t particularly classified as Parks.
COMMERCIAL:
The Commercial zone is mostly concentrated along the GST and newly emerging
Roundtana.
INDUSTRIAL:
The Industrial zoning is mainly concentrated in the stretch between the GST and the
Railway Track.

PAGE NO.
BEHAVIOUR AND ACTIVITY MAPPING
RELIGIOUS: The locality is
composed of diversified
Religious structures such as
Temples, Mosques and
Churches

INDUSTRIAL: The Industrial

zoning is mainly concentrated
in the stretch between the
GST and the Railway Track.

COMMERCIAL: The
Commercial zone is mostly
concentrated along the GST
and newly emerging
Roundtana

INSTITUTIONAL:
B.S. Abdur Rahman University
is the one of the prominent
institutions in the locality.
There are three more schools
located in the vicinity

GREEN SPACES: Sakthi

Nagar Park is the only
demarcated community park
apart from the famous Green
Spaces in the Vandalur
Zoo.Although there are a lot of
open spaces/ Vacant lands in
the locality, they aren’t
particularly classified as
Parks.

RESIDENTIAL: The side of

the Railway Track opposite to
the GST is mainly composed
on Residential settlements.
There are very few residential
settlements along the GST.

PAGE NO.
 STANDARDS AND BYLAWS-

Permissible with the special sanction of the CMDA:

 Hostels, and dormitories not exceeding 300 sq.m. in floor area.

 Working women hostels, old age homes

 Religious buildings, Welfare Institutions and Assembly Halls occupying floor area not exceeding
300 sq.m.

 Govt./Semi Govt. Offices, Banks, Pay Offices, Post Office, Offices of Electricity Board, Chennai
City Corporation, Tamil Nadu Cooperative Milk Producers Federation Limited, etc. occupying a
floor area not exceeding 300 sq.m.

 Public Utility Buildings like sewage pumping stations, water works, Fire stations, Telephone
exchanges.

 Daily or weekly markets serving local needs.

 Transport depots, Bus Terminus and Railway Stations.

 Burning, Burial grounds, crematoria and cemeteries.

 High schools and Higher Secondary School.

 Restaurants not exceeding 300 sq.m. in floor area provided the width of the abutting road is
minimum 10 metre

 Clinics, Nursing Homes, Dispensaries and other Health facilities not exceeding 300 sq.m. in
floor area provided the width of the abutting road is minimum 10 metres

 Departmental stores with a floor area not exceeding 100 Sq.m provided the width of the abutting
road is minimum 10 metres

 Fuel filling stations and service stations with installations not exceeding 5 HP provided the width
of the abutting road is minimum 10 metre.

 Air-conditioned Cinema Theatres abutting min. 12 m wide road. (2) All uses/activities not specifically
mentioned under sub-regulations (1) above shall be prohibited in this zone.

PAGE NO.
Primary Residential use zone
 In this zone buildings or premises shall be permitted only for
the following purposes and accessory uses. Permissible
non-residential activity shall be limited to one in a sub-
division.

Normally Permissible Category.

 Any residence including dwelling, detached, semi-detached,
tenements or flats and service apartments.

 Professional consulting offices and incidental uses thereto

occupying a floor area not exceeding 40 sq.m.

 Schools of Commerce including Tutorial Institutions not

exceeding 100 sq.m. in floor area.

 Petty shops dealing with daily essentials like retail sale of

provisions, soft drinks, cigarettes, news papers, etc., tea
stalls, bakery, confectionary, retail shops, mutton stalls, milk
kiosk, cycle repair shops, tailoring shops, internet/computer
centers and ATMs etc. occupying a floor area not exceeding
40 sq.m.

 Nursery schools, Primary Schools, Libraries and reading

rooms.

 Parks, play grounds, farms, gardens, nurseries, including

incidental buildings thereon.

 Cottage industries listed in G.O.Ps.Nos.565 and 566 dated

12.3.1962 as amended and indicated in Annexure V, with
number of workers not exceeding 8 and electric machineries
not exceeding 5 H.P.

 Garment industries, craft centers and assembly of electronic

parts for manufacture of radios, transistors, television sets,
computer chips and such other electronic industries with
installations not exceeding 5 HP and the number of
employees not exceeding 25 numbers

 Installation of Motor for pumping water, Air conditioning, Lifts,

Solar Heaters, Dish Antennas, etc.

 Storage of domestic cooking gas cylinders subject to the

conditions prescribed in G.O.M.sNo.329 dated 24.2.1977 viz.
the applicant should obtain necessary clearance from the
Director of Fire and Rescue Services and from the Dept. of
Explosives of the Govt. of India.

PAGE NO.
Mixed Residential use zone

(1) In this zone buildings or premises shall be permitted only for the following purposes
and accessory uses:
A. Normally permissible uses:

 All activities permissible in Primary Residential use zone.

 Banks and Safe Deposit Vaults, Business Office and other Commercial or Financial
Institutions occupying floor area not exceeding 500 sq.m
 Hotels, Restaurants occupying a floor area not exceeding 500 sq.m.
 Hostels, Dormitories, Boarding and Lodging houses and Welfare Institutions
occupying a floor area not exceeding 500 sq.m.
 Clinics, Hospitals, Dispensaries, Nursing Homes and other Health facilities
occupying a floor area not exceeding 500 sq.m.
 Establishments and shops retailing in vegetables, fruits, flowers, fish, meat and such
other daily necessities of the residents, including departmental stores occupying floor
area not exceeding 500 sq.m. or organized markets.

 Bakeries, Confectionaries, Laundries, tailoring, Goldsmith shops, hairdressing

saloons occupying floor area not exceeding 500 sq.m.
 Fuel filling stations, and automobile service stations with installation not exceeding
30 HP.

 Industries listed by the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board as ‘Green’ Industries
listed in Annexure-VI and subject to maximum installation of 30 HP.

 Taxi stands and car parking including multilevel parking

 Automobile workshop with floor area not exceeding 300 sq.m and electrical
installations not exceeding 15 H.P. B

PAGE NO.
Permissible with special sanction of the CMDA:

 Religious buildings and welfare institutions occupying a floor area not exceeding 500
sq.m.
 Preview theatres and dubbing theatres.
 Colleges, higher educational, technical and research institutions.
 Foreign Missions, Embassies and Consulates.
 Assembly Halls, Kalyana Mandapams and Cinema theatres, Multiplex complexes
along roads of width min. 12m.
 (2) All uses/activities not specifically mentioned under sub-regulations (1) shall be
prohibited.


Commercial use zone :

A Normally permissible uses:

 All activities that is permissible in Primary Residential and Mixed Residential Zones
without restriction of floor area (except industries)
 All commercial and business uses including all shops, stores, markets, shopping
centers and uses connected with the display and retail sale of merchandise but
excluding explosives, obnoxious products and other materials likely to cause health
hazards and danger to lives.
 Fuel filling stations, automobile service stations and workshops with installation not
exceeding 50 HP.
 Industries listed out by the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board as “Green” Industries
listed in Annexure VI and as “Orange Industries” listed in Annexure VII subject to a
maximum installation of 50 HP.
 Research, Experimental and Testing laboratories not involving danger of fire,
explosives or health hazards.
 Warehouses and other uses connected with storage of wholesale trade in
commodities not notified under the Specified Commodity Act, but excluding storage
of explosives or products which are either obnoxious or likely to cause health
hazards.

PAGE NO.
 Buildings for development of software and its associated computer
technology applications, IT Parks.

 Broadcasting, telecasting and telecommunication stations.

 Private helipads subject to clearance by Civil Aviation department, Directorate of
Fire and Rescue Services and police department.
 Manufacture of computer hardware

Transit Oriented Development (TOD)

The integration of land use with transport systems is called “Transit Oriented Development”
, which is essentially “any development, macro or micro that is focused around a transit no
de, and facilitates complete ease of access to the transit facility thereby inducing people to
prefer to walk and use public transportation over personal modes of transport”.
This entails planning for compact cities and reducing urban sprawl and dependency on the
large scale developments in the periphery which induce shift from non‐
motorized to motorized modes of travel.
Approach to TOD highly depends on establishing mixed landuse zone as part of strategic
densification.
The policy includes:

PAGE NO.
Network & Connectivity:
Disperse high traffic volumes over multiple parallel streets rather than concentrating traffic o
n few major arterial roads. Create a fine network of streets through urban design that provid
es choice of routes for all modes, reducing distances between places as well as journey tim
es.

last mile connectivity:

Provide fast, convenient interchange options and spatial provision for various modes of Inte
rmediate Public Transport (IPT)

Multimodal Transit Station for seamless travel.

Provide multiple mode choices for last
mile connectivity at various prices and comfort levels. Also, if possible, eliminate the need of
IPT by design and engineering.

Pedestrian access:
Provide the shortest direct route to pedestrians and nonmotorised modes to station as well
as between building blocks.

High Density, Mixed Income Development:

Compact neighborhoods for shorter commutes and equity for all sections of society. Mix of
compatible use to promote 24-hour activity.

Streetscape Design:
Urban places should be designed for enjoyment, relaxation
and equity. Pedestrian and bicycle friendly designated space for all activities. Keeping in vi
ew the prevention of heat island effects from wide and open streets,
by proper street and landscaping.

Promote Place Making to Create a Sense of Place:

Focus on promoting liveability, quality and uniqueness of each space

Direct Business to TOD Locations:

Create transit services to regional job centers, focus job creation investments in transit servi
ced locations.

Public facilities at nodes of public transport:

Plan for public facilities such as schools, universities, sport facilities, stadiums, theatres an
d concert halls around nodes of public transport.
PAGE NO.
Function/Activities at nodes of public transport:
Promote multifunctional developments around nodes that are otherwise deserted in the ev
ening or at night.

Besides, integrated urban development, TOD can benefit as an alternative revenue generati
on source from: Financing of Urban Transport projects by Unlocking Land Values as Highe
r FSI in influence zone of Transit corridors within the framework of the overall planning
guidelines to be prepared by respective states.

Transit Corridors (Metro/ Mono Rail, BRTS, Ring Road) attracting economic activities and le
ading to induced urban development with less efforts. Land‐
use based financing sources along Transport Corridors. For example,
periodic revision of property guidance value, higher property tax along transit corridors, imp
act fees, development charges, conversion charges and betterment charges. If properly pla
nned and implemented, TOD

PAGE NO.
Hinterland
Endowment of the hinterland is another factor on which growth of an urban centre rests. An
urban centre, for example, can establish a mutually interacting relationship with its hinterlan
d if the hinterland has a variety and extent of natural resources in terms of both agriculture a
nd economic potentials.
A city’s growth may be consistent and stable mainly because its economic base is closely li
nked with that of its hinterland.
The development of the regional economy helps the growth of small towns, which in the pro
cess become the main service centres for their hinterlands.
The area linked socially and Urban Planning Approach economically to an urban settlement
has been given various names, such as “Hinterland”, “Upland”, “Urban Field”, “Sphere of In
fluence”, “Zones of Influence”, “Tributary Area”, or “Catchment Area”. The immediate hinterl
and of a large city, which is directly under the influence of the agglomeration, is the ‘peri‐
urban area’.
Location, Site, Situation and Hinterland may be studied using Geospatial techniques on the
aspects like Hydro‐Geological analysis, Temperature Change analysis, Network.
Periurban is the zone which is within the planning area limits but outside the limit of
the municipal corporation / authority or metropolitan planning committee or authority.
As smaller towns fall within the areas served by larger metropolitan regions, the delimitatio
n of urban zones of influence also sheds light on the manner in which a city at a particular l
evel in the urban hierarchy provides specialist services for the surrounding population and
settlements (such as service towns, satellite towns or service villages).

Urban Transport
Transit Orient Development (TOD): Provision for TOD in cities should be considered, as it
encourages high density and mixed
use development, overall reducing the travel demand and in turn reducing the carbon footp
rints. The details on TOD are elaborated in Physical Infrastructure section.

Strengthening of Public Transport System:

It can be done through a Combination of Promotional, Regulatory and Fiscal Measures ado
pting green transport models.

PAGE NO.
Reducing Fuel Consumption per passenger:
Significant GHG mitigation can be achieved through modal shift by providing all arterial roa
ds more than 25 m Right of Way to have minimum of 2.5 m pedestrian path (with trees) and
proper street furniture and 2.5m bicycle path preferably in each direction as a mandatory m
easure. Where it is not possible to provide a dedicated cycle path because of right of way b
eing narrow, traffic calming measures to reduce the speed of traffic to 30 kmph need to be
adopted.

Schematic cross‐section of Arterial Roads:

Non Motorised Transport (NMT) and

Intelligent Transport System (ITS):
NMT and ITS should be encouraged. Provision of NMT is described in Physical Infrastructur
e section of this guideline, which aims to reduce carbon footprint. Moreover, ITS should
be implemented for demand management and efficient implementation/enforcement of
Public Transport. Provision of Mixeduse along the streets to ensure public safety and
attractiveness for pedestrians and cyclists and hence accommodate large numbers of
pedestrians and street vendors.

NonConventional source of Energy:

Changing to fuels that have a lower carbon footprint in sufficient quantities would have a ma
jor impact on GHG emissions from urban transport. Also alternative fuel base in cities to be
promoted to reduce dependency. To achieve a good quality of public space, trees need to b
e planted to prevent Heat island effects.

Accessibility: Accessibility of public transport to be improved in order to reduce travel distan

ce.

PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
IT /ITES Sector: No minimum land area requirement for IT/ITES SEZs is
prescribed, but these will have to conform to a minimum built up area
requirement.
– The minimum built up area requirement of 1,00,000 square meters will now be insisted
upon for seven major cities viz : Mumbai, Delhi (NCR), Chennai, Hyderabad, Bangalore,
Pune and Kolkata,
– For the other set of Category B cities 50,000 square meters norm will be applicable
– For the remaining cities / locations 25,000 square meters of minimum built up area will be
insisted upon.
Forest Conservation Act, 1980
With the rising rate of deforestation and the resulting environmental degradation, the
Central Government enacted the forest (conservation) Act in 1980.
The Act prohibits the deletion of a reserved forest or the diversion of forestland for any non‐
forest purpose, and prevents the cutting of trees in a forest without the prior approval of the
Central government. The salient features of the act are given below:
This Act has five Sections which deal with conservation of forests.
Eco‐Sensitive Zones
Wild Life Protection Act, 1972 gave provision for the creation of National Parks, Sanctuaries
and Closed Area. Further, for the purpose of buffers around these protected areas as shock
absorber, Eco‐sensitive Zones were declared.
Eco‐sensitive Zones would also act as transition zone from areas of high protection to areas
involving lesser protection. The activities in the eco‐sensitive zones are regulatory in nature
rather than prohibitive nature.

PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
ANALYSIS:

FIGURE GROUND RELATIONSHIP

PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
Ped shed analysis :-

Ped-shed analyses demonstrate the walkability of an area in relation to the ‘five-minute’

rule.
These studies reflect the walkability metrics of the study area in its current and proposed
state.
The improvements are enormous.
The ped-sheds of the current state were done on site and as a unique twist on traditional
studies, base the spaces accessed in five minutes not on distance, but on actual street
crossing times,pedestrian-only paths and pavement quality.

PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
ISSUES AND CONSEQUENCES:
Based on the Traffic-Pattern Analysis the most congested spaces are identified and marked
as hotspots.

NODE A
According to the data collected , during the peak hours, there is approximately 300 people
crossing the road in 1 hour that creates too much congestion and traffic.
The road being a National highway, the vehicles move at a very high speed and the safety
of the pedestrians while crossing the road is not ensured.

NODE B
Since there is around 2000 vehicles moving through this particular zone at peak hour, there
is lot a of traffic created.
The 22m wide road is not fully used by the moving vehicles as there is-

1. encroachments on the sides of roads on both the sides.

2.bus stops for public and private buses on both the sides that occupies half the road
space. This is due to the lack of bus bay.

2. Auto stands at inappropriate place creates more hindrance to the moving vehicles in
the turning. Pedestrian crossing is not safe as it is not defined .

NODE C
The bus stops right on the top of the bridge before the turning towards perungulathur, that
causes inconvenience to the travellers .This also blocks the way and causes traffic .(around
1000 vehicles travel on this walajabad road in peak hour.)
For every train that comes around 450 people get in or get out of the train. Among this
around 70% of the people goes to the residential side where as the other 30% to the GST
road side. People going towards the residential zone has to cross the railway lines.(around
200 people cross the railway lines at a time).
The safety of the pedestrians is not ensured. Even though there is flyover only less no. of
people use it to cross the railway lines. Similarly, people going towards the GST road also
does not have a defined pedestrian crossing which puts their life at risks.
Lack of defined entry and exit to the railway station causes too much of chaos.
Lack of parking space for autos leads to congestion as they park along the sides of the
roads.(around 20 autos are found parked at that particular zone).
Few people live under the bridge areas and make that space unclean.
(40-50 economically weaker section people live this bridge space).

PAGE NO.
 NODE A
No pedestrian safety.
There's no signal provide
near the school crossing.
. Private buses stopping on
Auto parking in the road
Corner which creates
congestion during peak
hours.
There is no defined Bus
stop on the side other than
the Railway Station side of
the road. Hence there is a
lot of Pedestrian Traffic
crossing the road in this
region
NODE B
No defined bus stop.
Buses stopping on roadside.
public
bus stop which creates
commotion.
Vehicular zoo entry very near
to the
bus top that adds up more
traffic.
No proper pedestrian
crossing.
There's no pedestrian safety
NODE c
Auto and vehicles parked on
roadside.Creates congestion
during peak hours.
Spaces under the bridge
used for garbage disposal
which creates foul smell.
No defined railway crossing.
Railway boudaries are
unmaintained.
No defined bus stop. Buses
stopping on roadside which
causes congestion.
No safety for pedestrain
crossing
PAGE NO.
Vandalur Junction-Inference-
The walkability to nearby train junction does not come under radius of 800m-under 10min
walk whereas the bus station is just 100m walk from vandalur landmark which is just 2min
to reach the bus station.
It takes 7min to reach the residential area beyond rail track
Undefined path which has uneven pathway takes more than 8 min walk

ISSUES
Safety of pedestrian on road
and rail route.
Inadequate public
infrastructure facility.
No proper parking facility.
Sewage is unavailable.
No connectivity of existing
road network and bridges.
No architectural character
No defined bus stop or bus
bay
In need of a public realm.
CONSEQUENCES
Leads to road accidents and excess traffic.
No proper functioning of services
Needs of the commuters is not fulfilled
 Shading space
 Public toilets
 Drinking water facilities
Leads to congestion and road encroachments on either
sides.
Water logging occurs during heavy rains.
Health gets affected.
Creates visual discomfort.
Traffic flow is interrupted.
No ease of movement.
Reaching a destination becomes difficult.
There is no particular identity to the area.
Lack of image ability.
Not user friendly for the commuters.
Congestion and traffic due to crowd.
Lack of buffer space (example: No transition space between
the road and the zoo.)

PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.
PAGE NO.