Example 4.

3 : Member resistance under combined bi-axial bending and axial compression

An H-section member of length 4.2 m is to be designed as ground floor column in a multi-storey building. The
frame is moment resisting in-plane and pinned out-of-plane, with diagonal bracing provided in both directions.
The column is subjected to major axis bending due to horizontal forces and minor axis bending due to eccentric
loading from the floor beams. From the structural analysis, the design action effects of Fig. 4.12 arise in the
column. Assess the suitability of a hot-rolled 305×305×240 H-section in grade S275 steel for this application.
The interaction factor kij will be determined using alternative method 2 (Annex B).

Section properties
 Nominal thickness; tf = 37.7 mm and tw = 23.0 mm ≤ 40 mm, thus the nominal values of yield strength,
fy for grade S275 steel (to EN 10025-5) Table 3.2 fy = 275 N/mm2.

My,Ed = 420 kNm Mz,Ed = 110 kNm

NEd = 3440 kN My,Ed = - 420 kNm

Fig. 4.12: Design action effects on an H-section column

h = 352.5 mm
b = 318.4 mm
tw = 23.0 mm
tf = 37.7 mm
A = 30600 mm2
iy = 642×104 mm4
iz = 203.1 ×104 mm4
Wpl,y =4247000 mm3

Clause 3.2.6
E = 210000 N/mm2
G = 81000 N/mm2

Cross-section classification (clause 5.5.2)

ε=
√ √
235 235
fy
=
275
=0 . 924

Outstand flanges (Table 5.2 sheet 2)

c=( b−t w −2 r ) /2=132.5 mm
c 132.5
= =3.51
t f 37.7
Limit for Class 1 flange = 9 Ɛ =8.32
 3.51<8.32

Web-internal compression part (Table 5.2 sheet 1)

c=h−2 t f −2 r=246.7 mm
c 246.7
= =10.73
t w 23.0
Limit for Class 1 web = 33 Ɛ =30.51
10.73<30.51

 The overall cross-section classification is class 1

Cross- section compression resistance (Clause 6.2.4)

30600 ×275
¿ =8415 kN >3440 kN OK
1.0
Bending resistance of cross-section (Clause 6.2.5)
Major axis (y-y)
The maximum bending moment, y , Ed M =420 kNm
The design bending resistance of cross-section,
W f 4247000× 275
M c , y , Rd= pl , y y = =1168 kNm
γ MO 1.0

420 kNm <1168 kNm acceptable

Major axis (y-y)
The maximum bending moment, y , Ed M =420 kNm
The design bending resistance of cross-section,
W pl , y f y 4247000× 275
M c , y , Rd= = =1168 kNm
γ MO 1.0

420 kNm <1168 kNm acceptable

Shear resistance of cross-section (clause 6.2.6)
The design plastic shear resistance of the cross-section
A v ( f y / √3 )
V pl , Rd=
γ MO
Load parallel to web
820
Maximum shear force, V Ed = =200 kN
4.2
Rolled H-section, loaded parallel to web, the shear area, Av is given by;
A v =A−2 b t f + ( t w +2 r ) t f >η hw t w
hw =h−2 t f =352.5−2 ×37.7=277.1 mm
A v =30600−2 ×318.4 × 37.7+ ( 23.0+2 ×15.2 ) 37.7>1.2× 277.1× 23.0
2 2
A v =8606 mm >7648 mm
8606 × ( 275 / √ 3 )
V pl , Rd= =1366 kN >200 kN acceptable
1.0
Example 4.4 : simple design construction

Consider a 203 x 203 x 52 UC grade S275 column in simple design that subjected to the ultimate loads from
beams A and B shown in Fig. 4.29. Assume the column is 7 m long and is effectively held in position at both
ends but only restrained in direction at the bottom.
Ultimate reaction from beam A, RA = 200 kN
Ultimate reaction from beam B, RB = 75 kN
Self-weight of column = 5 kN
Thus the ultimate axial load, NEd = RA + RB +s/weight = 200 +75 +5 = 280 kN