OCCURENCE OF CAT CALLING AMONG THE FEMALE STUDENTS OF

GRADE 11 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN TAGUM DOCTORS COLLEGE: A

PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY

A Qualitative Research

Presented to the

Tagum Doctors College, Inc.

Senior High School Department

City of Tagum, Davao del Norte

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements in subject

Resarch 1

(Qualitative Research)

Luzelle Joan D. Alfornon

Stratiacelle Hope S. Anthony

Curls Janna R. Bardon

Jeremay B. Cordero

April Raizah Mae M. Galang

Thia Leonor M. Paderes

March, 2019

i
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We, The researchers acknowledge all the support and encouragement

with sincere appreciation. To our research advise Ms. Roselyn Presno for her

patience, motivation, enthusiasm and immense knowledge, she continually

supports our study and research. Her guidance has helped us throughout the

research. To our fellow students and fellow group researchers w ho inspired us

and made valuable suggestions that helped us to carry out the study.

The Tagum Doctors College Inc,. For allowing us to conduct tis study. We

also want to thank our family for the finanacial support, encouragement and

inspiration to us throughout our research and prayed for us.

We thank God for his protection and ability to do work, giving us courage

and the strength and show his divine order for this study's success. May the

Almighty God richly bless all of you.

ii
 Table of Contents
Page

Title Page ........................................................................................................... i

Acknowledgement ............................................................................................ ii

Table of Contents .............................................................................................. iii

Chapter I INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study ...................................................................... 2

Statement of the Problem ................................................................... 3

Assumptions ........................................................................................

Scope ang Delimitation .......................................................................

Importance of the Study ...................................................................... 4

Definition of Terms .............................................................................. 4

Chapter II REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE ....................................................... 6 - 15

Chapter III METHODS AND PROCEDURES .......................................................

Research Design .................................................................................. 18

Sources of Data ................................................................................... 18

Instrumentaion and Data Collection .................................................. 18

Tools for Data Analysis ....................................................................... 18

Ethical Consideration ......................................................................... 19 - 20

Reference ............................................................................................ 21

APPENDICIES ....................................................................................................

Appendix A Letter of Conduct .............................................................

Appendix B Letter to the Respondents ................................................

Appendix C Partcicpant Verification ....................................................

Appendix D Research Questions ..........................................................

Appendix E Validity Questions ..............................................................

CURRICULUM VITAE ..........................................................................................

Iii
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Nowadays, large number of individuals are prone to being harassed in

different places. They receive numerous verbal attacks that most of the time make

them to feel uncomfortable and can lead to their self-image being destroyed.

Catcalling is a form of sexual harassment. Sexual Offences may occur in many

different forms. There’s Sexual Harassment (Verbal and Nonverbal without

consent), Sexual Assault. Cat calling consists of unwanted comments, whirling-

whistles and other actions in public areas by strangers that can be disturbing and

uncomfortable. Simply put, cat calling stimulate fear, and gives women or students

another reason to be on the edge. Cat calling awareness continous to increase in

various form. This study assessed the effects of exposure to catcalling, which is

the specific case of strangers sexual harassment on the street.

In the global sense, Gallup data from surveys in 143 countries in 2011 show

that in countries, including Italy, France, Australia, and the United States, men are

much more likely than women to say they feel safe in their communities at night.

In 2014 Gallup’s annual Crime Survey, found that thirty-seven percent (37%), of

U.S. adults say they wouldn’t feel safe walking alone to their home at night. By

gender, forty-five percent (45%), of women said they don’t feel safe walking alone

at night. Cindy Hsu from CBS2’s reported that there are more than 16,000 women

around the world found and say they experienced street harassment before the

age of 17.
 In February 2016, SWS surveyed people in Quezon City’s Payatas

barangays and Bago ng Silangan about sexual harassment in oublic space. At

least once, eghty-eight percent (88%) pf women ages between 18 and 24

experienced sexual harassment.With such high numbers, you’d think that

something would be done to stop it, and yet every day men continue to whistle,

shout and make sexist or offensive comments, leer, and even grope women

without receiving any repercussions.

Locally, according to Tagum City Today (2018), Elan Orilla, a former student

of Tagum City National Comprehensive High School, said that whenever she go

outside she is being catctalled by many men. Even if her dress was decent many

men will catcall her. These data and evidences prove that catcalling happens from

the smallest areas to place around the globe.

The researchers will be conducting this study to gather and read different

studies about street harassment or cat calling. Researchers also want to inform

the people that catcalling is not just uttered words of compliment but can be

considered as degrading and objectifying comments that have a negative impact

on women’s especially to the students psychological well-being like self-

objectification in which the student internalization of repeated objectification by

others.
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the catcalling experiences of the selected

senior high school students in Tagum Doctor’s College, Inc. Specifically, the study

seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are the aspect affecting the occurrence of catcalling to the female

students?

2. What are the possible ways to lessen the occurence of catcalling?

Assumptions

The researchers were guided with the following assumptions:

1. The aspect that affects the female students are Social, Psychological and

Public Issues. The cumulative effect of years of constant street harassment

leads many women to behave as if were hunted.

2. The possible ways to lessen catcalling is to dress modestly and don’t walk

alone on the streets.

Scope and Delimitation

The study is descriptive in harrastment to female and focus on senior high school

female students. The respondents of the study are the senior high female students

who experience catcalling. The research sample is composed of ten (10)

participants of Grade 11 students studying in tagum doctors college, Inc.

Importance of the Study

This study will be beneficial to the following:

Students. For the students, this study will help them to be informed and

spread awareness about street harassment.

Government. To the government, it will help them to give an idea that street

harassment in the country is an important matter that needs an attention from the

government that therefore needs an act/regulation protecting women from street

harassment.

Parent. To the parent, they will be able to have a broader knowledge about

street harassment and for them to educate and properly guide their children about

street harassment.

Future Researchers. Future researchers can have more knowlwdge and

assumption. Hence, to give importance and their possible ways to lessen the

pccurrence of catcalling.

Definition of Terms

In thhis section the terms that have special meaning is the research is defined.

Female Students – people who are studying inside the Tagum Doctor’s

College, Inc.

Catcalling - in this study this refers to a man who whistles, yells, hollers,

or makes a comment to a women in a sexual manor.

Phenomonological study - is a qualitative research method that is used

to describe how human beings experience a certain phenomenon.

 CHAPTER II
RELATED REVIEW LITERATURE

Catcalling is a form of sexual harassment, or unwanted verbal or nonverbal

sexual attention, which is also appropriately described as harassment by strangers

because the victim and the perpetrator do not know each other (Fairchild and

Rudmand, 2008).

The sexual harassment of women was recognized in the United Sates in

the 1970's as both a criminal issue and a social problem (Shechory Bitton and

Shaul, 2013).

Stranger harassment, which includes catching and other forms of sexual

harassment perpetrated by strangers in some studies, such as following or

receiving an obscene phone call, is associated with a number of negative

psychological outcomes, including poor body image, symptoms of anxiety and

depression, and lower levels of perceived safety, and increased fear of rape (e.g.

DAVISDON ET AL. 2016, 2015; Fairchild and Rudman 2008; MacMillan et al.

2000; McCarty et al 2014; Schneider et al 1997).

Catcalling is commonly referred to as “street harassment” or “foreign

harassment” as a kind of molestation where girls are intimidated by sexual or

emotional gestures and verbalization during a public space. Street harassment is

as an unrecognized disadvantage with probably harmful psychological and

physical consequences for women round the world Bow, 93. Street harassment is

therefore pervasive that it is normalized or expected to be just the ways that things

are and need to be. The truth is that aggression of this kind is not inevitable. As
catcalling is comprised of components from each styles of harassment (stranger

and street harassment). Researchers establish catcalling and street harassment

because the larger domains of interloper and harassment. That being same, it's

necessary to spot the similarities and variations between these constructs (Col,

16).

Catcalling is considered as a lower style of street harassment, it does not

involve physical contact that includes harassment. Street harassment gives a

physically dangerous threat to a woman’s right to privacy by invading her area or

obstructing her path. Existing literature relating to the consequences of catcalling

indicates that its negative effects on the psychological well-being of women;

however, most of these studies are reciprocity in nature and involve self-reporting

experience or alternative social sexual objectification. This study examined the

consequences of catcalling between the theory objectification. We tend to see

whether exposure to catcalling, such as alternative types of sexual objectification,

is exposed or not. We have chosen to use a proxy style to examine at the impact

of catcalling eventualities in women's viewing on their self-objection and body

discontent. Though this can be clearly less salient than real life exposure, as

mentioned higher than, merely observant molestation will have negative effects

(e.g., Chaudoir and Quinn 2010; Hitlan et al. 2006).

This study advances our understanding of the results of sexual

objectification or harassment through specifically analytic catcalling from various

types of sexual objectification or harassment, as Cha udoir and Quinn (2010) did,

and by examining the results of through an experiment manipulated exposure to

self-objectification, body shame, and body dissatisfaction of women compared to

many general constructs not specifically related to the theory of objectification.

Publicly places in catcalling can be a taboo style of sex discrimination that features

every verbal and nonverbal behaviors—such as wolf whistles, leers, winks, grabs,

pinches, and street remarks—and science researchers often do not notice it. The

present study, mistreatment mixed ways and “exploratory design-instrument

development method” was conducted to research the aspects of Iranian women’s

experiences of molestation publicly places employing a student sample. The

qualitative part of this study was carried out through face-to-face, in-depth

interviews with sixteen feminine students from City University, Shiraz, Iran, which

resulted in seven axial classes and one core class.

The law normally overlooks girls' harm. One such damage is that the ladies

face harassment after they loco mote city streets and appearing in various public

places. This street harassment will have profound impact on the full participation

of women in the public sphere. In this Article, academic archer draws attention to

these harms and proposes possible legal remedies for the harassment of ladies

on the streets of the general public. She starts by describing what street

harassment involves and who it affects, and then talks about the wrongfully harms

to girls and society. She assesses the criminal and civil laws that may be used to

target harassment and describes their failures. Finally, she proposes new ways to

prevent street harassment on the street and open girls to the general public.

Although academic archer acknowledge that her solutions do not seem to be

foolproof (and might face severe constitutional attacks), she emphasizes that
recognizing the significant burdens that street harassment places on women's

freedom, equality, and sense of self-dignity may be an opening move toward an

answer. Although limited in number, the extent and relative marginalize of street

harassment studies have been documented. All 54 women interviewed in a study

in the area of San Francisco Bay said they were at one time targets of offensive or

sexually suggestive remarks (Nielsen 2000: 1067).

Research in Indianapolis also found that all of 293 women interviewed had

experienced public harassment (Gardner 1995), and each of the 213 men

interviewed said that they had been involved in public harassment in one form or

another. Many women first experience street harassment when their bodies begin

to develop sexually; there is then typically a gradual decline when men assume

they are “too old” and no longer a sexual being (Bowman 1993). For many young

women, street harassment is a “rite of passage”.

Contrary to what is shown in Indian films, street harassment causes women

to restrict their time alone in public places, to be constantly alert, and change

neighborhoods and jobs (Kearl, 2010). Macmillan, Nierobisz, and Welsh (2000)

found that the more publicly harassed a woman's experiences, the less secure she

felt in public places. Increased fears about security were associated with

harassment from stranger when walking alone at night, using public transport and

walking alone in a garage. the Gender Study Group's Study in Delhi (cited in

Mirsky, 2003), 45% of women said that sexual harassment on campus has affected

their personal or academic development, such as avoiding library facilities, not

joining different institutions, and avoiding specific courses.

 Given the seriousness of the problem and the limited documented

information available, the purpose of this study was to highlight women's

experiences in Delhi as they try to resist the harassment during their daily lives,

such as commuting to work, going to the market, going for a movie, etc. There

have been many reasons why, even in research in other parts of the world, the

issue of street harassment has been relatively neglected. Bowman (1993)

suggests that this has perhaps been overlooked because there is no legal

resource, as it almost impossible to catch strangers for harassment if they

immediately disappear. In addition, Lenton, Smith, Fox, and Morra (1999) suggest

that public harassment is not illegal if it does not rise to level of attack; some men

and women regard it as trivial or even flattering. In addition, Gardner (1995) writes

that harassment of strangers is so persuasive that it is part of the social fabric of

public life and that women experience harassment in the belief that nobody thinks

anything important has happened.

People all over the world are being harassed one way or another. The most

common is street harassment. For women (Fairchild & Rudman, 2008; Cook &

Darnell, 2009) in majority and some men.

Men can also be the end of harassment, and researches on this is extremely

limited. This incident is also experienced by men, though a fraction less than of

women. They are the understudied population of victims (Weiss, 2008). Several

films and short videos arose regarding street harassment. 10 Hours of Walking in

NYC as a Woman, a Youtube video with 43 million hits as of October 2016,

depicted the harassment a woman goes through on the streets of New York City.

She reportedly received 108 catcalls from different men (Bliss, 2014).

Afterwards, many videos appeared, like 3 Hours of "Harassment" in NYC!

Where a man was harassed on the street more than 30 times over a period of

three hours. His perpetrators were mostly women. As of October 2016, the video

clip has 11 million views (Persin, 2014).

Within the objectification theory framework, catcalling can be viewed as a

form of interpersonal sexual objectification. Interpersonal sexual objectification is

most commonlyassessed via self-report using the Interpersonal Sexual

Objectification Scale (ISOS; Kozee et al. 2007), which asksrespondents to report

the frequency which they have experi- enced any kind of sexually objectifying gaze

or unwanted sexual advance (including catcalling) in the last year.

Sexual objectification in these forms is associated with increased self-

objectification, body shame, and psychological distress (e.g., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz et

al. 2012; Kozee et al. 2007; zymanski and Feltman 2014).

Street harassment is a pandemic and is associated with a host of

complications and consequences. Victims of street harassment experience

negative emotional and psychological consequences, such as depression, anxiety,

stress, self-objectification, shame, and increased body surveillance (Davidson,

Butchko, Robbins, Sherd, & Gervais, 2016; Davidson, Gervais, & Sherd, 2013;

Fairchild & Rudman, 2008; Kearl, 2010; MacMillan, Nierobisz, & Welsh, 2000).

Furthermore, street harassment has been argued to have other implications which

include maintaining of gender segregation, acting as a form of social control that

perpetuates male dominance at the expense of women, preventing women from

attaining positions of authority, and challenging the legitimacy of women’s status

(Hand & Sanchez, 2000; Logan, 2015; Vera-Gray, 2016).

Street harassment makes it more difficult for women to have a presence in

the public sphere and 3 debilitates their ability to independently conduct their daily

activities (Ramakrishnan, 2011).

Furthermore, street harassment has been argued to have other implications

which include maintaining of gender segregation, acting as a form of social control

that perpetuates male dominance at the expense of women, preventing women

from attaining positions of authority, and challenging the legitimacy of women’s

status (Hand & Sanchez, 2000; Logan, 2015; Vera-Gray, 2016).

Street harassment makes it more difficult for women to have a presence in

the public sphere and 3 debilitates their ability to independently conduct their daily

activities (Ramakrishnan, 2011). Thus, the literature clearly points towards street

harassment as a global phenomenon worthy of further research to understand

street harassment as a theoretical construct and to educate the public to decrease

its prevalence. The current research will specifically explore the definition of street

harassment and will compare it with other forms of harassment such as sexual

harassment and aggression in order to create a unique street harassment

measure. Furthermore, the current study will investigate the presence of specific

characteristics to profile individuals with particular attitudes towards street

harassment.
 The exact definition of street harassment has yet to be clarified in the

literature. In various places, it has been termed “stranger harassment” (Fairchild &

Rodman, 2008; Davidson, Gervais, & Sherd, 2013),” public harassment” (Gardner,

1995), “men’s intrusions” (Vera-Gray, 2016), and “sexual harassment in public

places” (Lenton, Smith, Fox, & Morra, 1999) as well as “street harassment”

(Bowman, 1993; Kissling, 1991, Darnell & Cook, 2009).

A complete understanding of street harassment also requires that we

differentiate it from aggression, a multi-faceted behaviour that is defined in the

literature as an action done with the intention to inflict pain or suffering on another

individual (Baron & Richardson, 1994; Anderson & Bushman, 2002).

Although aggression can be directed at strangers or non - strangers

(Wilson, Mouilso, Gentile, Calhoun & Zeichner, 2015), the distinction between

aggression and harassment on the street is a clear intention to harm. Research

shows that most street harassment is perpetrated by men (Wesselmann & Kelly,

2010), but little is known about the characteristics of men involved in street

harassment. Researchers have theorized that men harass others to bond and

exhibit their control while at the same time rationalizing their harassment as

harmless, part of human nature and complimentary (Logan, 2015).

A search of available literature revealed no commonly accepted single

cause of sexual harassment. However, the following include theories/models on

sexual harassment that attempt to explain this phenomenon. A few of the theories

used in older sexual harassment research included sociocultural theory (Farley,

1978; MacKinnon, 1979; Malovich & Stake, 1990; Tangri & Hayes, 1997; Uggen &
Blackstone, 2005), organizational theory (Gruber, 1992; Tangri, Burt, & Johnson,

1982), and natural/biological theory (Studd & Gattiker, 1991; Tangri & Hayes,

1997). Sociocultural theory focuses on the social and political aspect as to why

sexual harassment happens. Based on this theory, sexual harassment happens

as a logical consequence of gender inequality and sexism (Gutek, 1985; Thomas

& Kitzinger, 1997).

Sexual harassment occurs between women are viewed as inferior to men.

In addition, sexual harassment is a manifestation of maintaining gender

stratification based the expectations f sex roles. (Gutek, 1985; Malovich & Stake,

1990; Pryor, 1987; Schacht & Atchison, 1993; Tangri & Hayes, 1997). MacKinnon

(1979) observed that women's inferior status in society and work is the cause of

sexual harassment and gender stereotypes.

Researchers used the natural/biological theory (Studd & Gattiker, 1991;

Tangri & Hayes, 1997) to suggest that sexual harassment was a natural extension

of the mate selection evolution theory. Researchers argued that harassment is the

expression of sexual attraction.

Tangri and Hayes (1997) suggested that men are strongly inclined to be

sexually aggressive, leading to actions that should not be regarded as sexual

harassment. Tangri and Hayes believe that men's high sexual desire is a

disagreement with women, leading to sexually aggressive behavior. The theory's

strength lies in recognizing the innate human instinct that leads to sexually

aggressive behavior. This theory is weak, however, because it ignores social and

personal factors. Although the term sexual harassment was only coined in the
1970s (Farley 1978), formal organizational responses have since spread quickly

(Dobbin and Kelly 2007; Schultz 2003). Today, sexual harassment workshops,

policies, and grievance procedures are standard features of the human resources

landscape of human resources, while harassment is linked to gender inequalities

(Martin 2003) and other forms of discrimination in the workplace (Lopez, Hodson,

and Roscigno 2009). Power pervades each of these literature and their accounts

of harassment at work and in society as a whole (Berdahl 2007a ; Rospenda,

Richman and Nawyn 1998 ; Welsh 1999). However, after three decades of

scholarship, fundamental questions about whether and how workplace power

affects harassment remain unanswered. Much of the evidence is based on

inconsistent measures, broad time frames and samples that are narrowly focused.

In the context of the theory of objectification, catcalling can be regarded as

a form of interpersonal sexual objectification. Interpersonal sexual objectification

is most often assessed by self - reporting using the scale of interpersonal sexual

objects (ISOS ; Kozee et al. 2007), which asks respondents to report the frequency

of any kind of gaze or unwanted sexual advancement (including catching) that they

have experienced in the last year. Sexual objectification is associated with

increased self - objection, body shame and psychological distress in these forms

(e.g. Fuller - Tyszkiewicz et al. 2012 ; Kozee et al. 2007 ; Szymanski and Feltman

2014).

Some women can interpret catcalling instances in a positive light and

perceive unwanted remarks about appearance as compliments. Liss et al. (2011)

pointed out that some women may positively perceive sexual objectification or
other forms of sexualization because cultural messages teach girls and women

that beauty and attractiveness are important if you want to be successful or happy

(Noll and Fredrickson, 1998).

The theory of objective posits that constant exposure to sexually

objective experiences and images socializes women in order to internalize

society's view of the female body as a primary view of their physical self

(Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997 ; Szymanski & Henning, 2007).

Shame, fear and depression. According to the theory of objectification,

the internalization of sexual objectification leads to constant self-monitoring,

which creates a state of self-awareness that causes shame and anxiety

(Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997).

Long - term exposure to sexual objectification may also contribute to

insidious trauma, which is characterized by symptoms of psychological trauma

caused by lifelong exposure to micro - aggression (Miles - McLean et al., 2015

; Nadal & Haynes, 2012), as opposed to one large trauma.

 CHAPTER III
METHODS AND PROCEDURES
This chapter presents the research design, sources of data, data analysis,

the parts of the action plan and ethical consideration.

Research Design

This study is Phenomonological design under Qualitative Approach wherein

the researchers used the experience of the participants in realtion to the

occurrence of catcalling. Qualitaitve Research is a method of understanding a

certain situation through observation, gathere non-numerical data. Qualitative is

an exploratory process of an inquiry that seeks in-depth understanding of a social

phenomenon within their natural setting. Phenomonological research is typically

conducted through the use of in-depth interviews of small samples of multiple

participants. By studying perspectives of multiple participants, a researcher can

begin to make generalization regarding whta it is like to experience a certain

phenomenon from the perpective to those that have lived the experience. The

purpose of this study is to arrive at a description about female students at Tagum

Doctor’s College who experience cat calling.

Sources of Data

Locale and Population of Study

This research will be conducting in Tagum Doctor’s College with ten (10)

grade 11 Senior High School Female students as Participants. These are female

students who experience catcalling.

Instrumentation and Data Collection

The data that will be gathered from the participants will serve as the core

tool for the researchs’ strong foundation of information, credibility and reliability.

Before collecting data, the reserachers will carefully select female students who

both can and will participate.

The researchers will use a video camera or a voice recorder to record the

entire conversation between the interviwer and the participant. The researchers

will administer a 3-5 minutes interview form that would ask the participants’

regarding their cat calling experience.

Validity of the Interview Question. To ensure the validity of the questions of the

interview, it will be presented to the research adviser for scrunity. The suggestions

that will be made by the validator will be incorporated into the questions.

Tools for Data Analysis

Qualitative data analysis such as notes, videos, audio recordings images,

and text documents. One of the most used methods for qualitative data analysis is

text analysis. It involves the summarization of the collected data. It is the process

of systematically applying statistical or logical techniques to describe and

illustrated, condense, recap, and evaluate data.

This study was participated by a 25 female students of Senior High School

from Grade 11 Participants ages ranged from sixteen and eighteen who

experienced the said problem.

Ethical Consideration

The main regard of our study were individuals who are, in general, womens.

Whenever we conduct research on people, the well-being of research participants

must be our top priority (Woodsong, 2005). For that reason, We have to give full

security and guarantee their well-being in order for them to not lose trust on us.

Respect for person needs responsibility of the researcher not to utilize the

flaws of the research participants. To esteem, honor, value in their differences, to

make space for the person to be them (Lysaught, 2004).Independency was

avoided so that confidence, friendship, and trust among the researchers and the

participants will be maintained. We seek permission from different school heads of

the research participants before conducting the research.

Consent reflects the basic principle of respect for person (Cody, 2005). This

is to make the respondents became conscious on the purpose and objectives of

the research study that they are going to be associated. Written consent was given

to them as a proof of the agreement. After getting their approval, they have actively

partaken the in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, of course, they were

informed on the outcomes and the findings of the study.

Beneficence is the act of approaching the participants with gentleness and

preventing them from harm (Orb, Eisenhauer, &Wynaden, 2001). It needs a

promise of lessening the risks to the respondents rather than maximizing the profits

that are due to them.

 Confidentiality upon the outcomes and finding including the respondents,

It means coding system were used. Meaning, the identity of the participants were

not revealed and is primarily upheld as a means to protect research participants

from harm (Kaiser, 2009).

Justice refers to equal share and fairness. One of the main and distinctive

attribute of this principle is keeping away from exploitation and abuse of

participants (Orb, Eisenhauer, & Wynaden, 2001). Appropriate tokens were given

to the respondents as a sign of appreciation to their help on the study.

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 APPENDIX A
Letter of Conduct

Eugenio N. Castardo Jr., PhD, GRD

Tagum Doctors College Senior High School Principal
Mahogany St., Rabe Subd. Tagum City

Dear Sir Castardo:

In Partial compliance with our requirements, we the senior highschool
students of Tagum Doctors College Inc,. We would like to request your permission
to carry out a research titles entitled “Occurence of Cat Calling among the Female
Students of Grade 11 Senior High School in Tagum Doctors College Inc: A
Phenomenological Study”.
We would like to ask you good office to enable us to use your materials as
one of our references and to conduct our survey and interview in your area. We
would like to ask your good office to enable us to use your materials as one of our
references and to conduct our survey and interview in your area.
We are hoping for your kind consideration. Thank you very much and
Godspeed!

Respectfully Yours,

Alfornon, Luzelle Joan D.

Anthony, Stratiacelle Hope S.
Bardon, Curls Janna R.
Cordero, Jeremay B.
Galang, April Raizah Mae M.
Paderes, Thia Leonor M.
Researchers

Noted By:
Roselyn M. Presno, LPT
Research Teacher

Approved By:

Eugenio N. Castardo Jr., PhD, GRD

Tagum Doctors College Senior High School Principal
 APPENDIX B

Letter to the Respondents

Dear Respondents:

Greeting! With love, With Bliss!

We are the grade 11 Senior High School students of Tagum Doctors

College Inc. Who are enrolled in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics

(STEM). Presently, we are conducting a study entitled Occurence of Cat Calling

among the Female Students of Grade 11 Senior High School in Tagum Doctors

College Inc: A Phenomenological Study”. We are asking for your precious time,

and effort to answer all the questions that are important and helpful for the

completion of the study. Rest assured that all data gathered from you will be kept

in the highest level of confidentiality.

Your positive response in this request will be valuable contribution for the

success of the study and will highly appreciate.

Thank you for your cooperation.

Respectfully Yours,

Alfornon, Luzelle Joan D.

Anthony, Stratiacelle Hope S.
Bardon, Curls Janna R.
Cordero, Jeremay B.
Galang, April Raizah Mae M.
Paderes, Thia Leonor M. _________________________________
Researchers Name of the Respondents & Signature
 APPENDIX C

Participants Verification

After reading and evaluating the transcript of the in depth interview regarding cat

calling which is conducted by the researchers themselves. Luzelle Joan

Alfornon, Stratiacelle Hope Anthony, Curls Janna Bardon, Jeremay Cordero,

April Raizah Marie Galang, Thia Leonor Paders. I hereby attest to the accuracy

and the truthfulness of the data. Thus, I categorically declare that the information

as the transcription is the sane with what we provide during the recorded interview

and that those words that I have uttered in asnwer to the research questions.

Among other through the researcher has also correctly described the

circumstances surrounding the sad discussion the time and palce of meeting and

have kept their word that they will provide me the oppurtunity to verify the

information that I have given during the discussion.

NAME: _______________________________________

SIGNATURE: __________________________________
 APPENDIX D

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What is your own definition of catcalling?

2. How did the harassment affect you?

3. How do you feel about the experiences?

4. Did you experiencew cat calling?

5. How did it happen?

6. How many times did this happen?

7. If happened again, how would you respond?

8. What did you do or say to respond to the accused?

9. Were there any witnesses to the incident?

10. Has the teachers know about this incident?

11. Did you report this to anyone?

12. Did you feel embarrassed, intimidated or humiliated by the other person’s

actions?
 APPENDIX E

VALIDITY QUESTIONS

Please rate the vailidity of the formulated test using the indicators

enumerated and following the scale below.

5 – Very High Validity

4 – High Validity

3 – Moderate Validity

2 – Poor Validity

1 – Very Poor Validity

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1

1. The questions are relevant to the study.

2. The sentences are free from

grammatical errors and other

construction lapses.

3. The questions are clearly and

specifically formulated based on

student’s level of understanding.

4. Generally, the questions represent the

data they want to collect.