0%(3)0% au considerat acest document util (3 voturi)
2K vizualizări2 pagini
This document reviews a new introductory chemistry textbook written by Bruce H. Mahan. The reviewer praises the textbook for its clear explanations of difficult concepts that help lower barriers to student understanding. The first 11 chapters on chemical principles are described as superb. However, the last six chapters on descriptive chemistry of elements are not as exciting as the earlier conceptual chapters. Overall, the textbook effectively applies chemical principles to explain properties and reactions of elements and compounds.
Descriere originală:
Physical chemistry
Titlu original
Datapdf.com University Chemistry Mahan Bruce h Journal of Acs
This document reviews a new introductory chemistry textbook written by Bruce H. Mahan. The reviewer praises the textbook for its clear explanations of difficult concepts that help lower barriers to student understanding. The first 11 chapters on chemical principles are described as superb. However, the last six chapters on descriptive chemistry of elements are not as exciting as the earlier conceptual chapters. Overall, the textbook effectively applies chemical principles to explain properties and reactions of elements and compounds.
This document reviews a new introductory chemistry textbook written by Bruce H. Mahan. The reviewer praises the textbook for its clear explanations of difficult concepts that help lower barriers to student understanding. The first 11 chapters on chemical principles are described as superb. However, the last six chapters on descriptive chemistry of elements are not as exciting as the earlier conceptual chapters. Overall, the textbook effectively applies chemical principles to explain properties and reactions of elements and compounds.
The student is introduced to several com- mon types of crystal lattice, hut the failure to define and use the unit cell detracts somewhat fram the presentation and makea some of the numerical exercises BOOK REVIEWS awkward. Liquids and Solutions (4) again is excellent and the student's interest in the spontaneity of reactions is aroused here. Chapters 5, 6, and 7- Chemical Equilibria, Ionic Equihhria in University Chemistry pounds. The approach is very much in Aqueous Solutions, and Oxidation Redue- the Berkeley tradition in that the mscro- tion Reactions-are the best the reviewer Bluce H . Mahan, University of Cali- scopic properties of matter are treated has seen in a general chemistry text. fornia, Berkeley. Addison-Wesley before the discussion of atomic and molecu- Indeed, the discussion of solution equi- Publishing Co., Ine., Reading, Mass* lar structure. This comes off rather well, libria is much better than that found in chusette, 1965. xii + 660 pp. Figs. although at times in the first nine chapters most hooks treating this topic alone. Chapter 8, Chemical Thermodynamics, and tables. 17 X 24.5 em. $8.95. one gets the impression that the author would like to be able to do more in relating presents the fimt and second laws clearly The publication of a new introductory and proceeds to give s more quantitative chemistry text written particularly for the macroscopic properties to molecular struc- treatment of the solution phenomena dia- serious student of science is certain to ture. cussed in earlier chapters. The use of interest all teachem working with chem- The most impressive feature of "Uni- elementary calculus begins here. Chemi- istry majors, students of engineering, or versity Chemistry" is that the first 11 cal Kinetics (9) gives a good introduction any high ability group of students. In the chapters on principles are superbly to rates and their relation to mechanisms. past five years, several such books hrwe written. The author has unerringly Since thie follows the discussion of thermo- appeared. A few have been radical de- ~ ~~ ~. sensed the mints where most students ~~
have ditlirulty with wnventwnul trcnc-
dynamics, one does wonder why the discus- partures from the traditional, admirable sion is based entirely on collision theory in their a i m and exciting for the teacher mmrs and h a by n few nddiriunal words with no reference to transition-state to read, but they have proved to be very ur a sligllrlv different metl.oi of derwing theory. The discussion of a-particle difficult for the student to follow. Most an equation lowered the harrier to under- scattering in Chapter 10 is much more authors have been less daring and have standing appreciably. This is s. text lucid than that usually found in physical tended to present those topics which were which not only will appeal to the teacher and advanced inorganic texts. Other treated in the physical chemistry course of for its scope hut more importantly will he early experiments, the Bohr model, the 15 years ago taking into account, of one that the students will enjoy. Uncertainty Principle, and the wave course, the students' background. Chapter 1 begins with a very good re- mechanical model are all discussed. Professor Mahan has written an ex- view on stoichiometry. Gases (Chap. 2) Hydrogen-like wave functions are pre- cellent book which belongs in the second treata their properties, introduces kinetic sented. The nature of chemical bonds is category, but which in addition is quite theory, and is about the best to be found discussed briefly in Chapter 11, although successful in applying chemical principles in a beginning text. Chapter 3, The muoh of the material on bonding and to the study of the structure and reactions Properties of Solids, is not quite up to par, molecular structure is preaented in the of selected inorganic and organic cam- since the postponement of the consider* later chapters of "descriptive" chemistry. The correlation of the material in different chapters is excellent, numerical examples are extensive, and good problems follow -Reviewed in this Issue each chapter. The place where authors of general chemistry texts so often seem to falter is Bmce H. Mahan, University Chemistry in the application of the chemical princi- ples to systematize the properties and J . R. Partingla, A History of Chemistry. Volume 4 &actions bf the elements and their com- Leon Vellur, Vie de Berthelot pounds. In fact, some current texts for the general chemistry course do not even Nobel Lectures in Chemistry. Volume 3, 1942-1962 attempt this. Professor Mahan has done Woljgang Kimse, Carhene Chemistry quite well, although the reviewer did not 6nd the last six chapters as exciting as the Dauid A. Shirley, Organic Chemistry first eleven. They treat Chemical Peri- J . F. Danitlli, K . G. A. Pankhursl, and A. C. Riddiford, editors, Recent Progress odicity (12), the families of the elements in Surface Science. Volumes 1 and 2 ( 1 5 ) Organic Chemistry (16), and The Nucleus (17). The discussion of the Malcolm Dizon and Edwin C. Webb, Enzymes elements and their compounds is nicely Marlin D. K a m a , A Tracer Experiment: Tracing Biochemical Reactions with built around a consideration of molecular Radioisotopes structure and of energetics. The ma- Kenneth F . O'Driscoll, The Nature and Chemistry of High Polymers terial on structure is timely, and in addi- tion to the usual examples, such molecules Robert S. Knoz and Albert Gold, Symmetry in the Solid State as PCls SF&,SFSF.NP2, and the isoelee Clifta E. Meloan, Elementary Infrared Spectroscopy tronic (valence shell) BrF4i and XeF* are considered. Much of the material on the J . G~undy,Stereochemistry: The Static Principles energetics of species present in solution Andl.6 J. de Beffiuneand Nancy A. Swendeman L o ~ dStandard , Aqueous Electrode seems to have been drawn fram Latimer's "Oxidation Potentials" and is often not Potentials and Temperature coefficient^ at 25' the best available currently. The se- Clifford A . Hampel, Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry quence of stability constants for halide complexing of lead(I1) on p. 498 appears E. H. E. Piefseh and the Gmelin Institute, editom, Gmelins Hmdhuch der Anor- a hit strange, because it includea a typo- ganischen Chemie. 8. Auflage, System Nummer 16, Phosphor, Teil B graphical error made in the 2nd edition (but not in the first,) of "Oxidation Po- tentials." The chapter on organic chem- istry treats selectively some of the most
/olume 42, Number 6, June 1965 / 345
interesting aspects of modem organic is thin. This is eaay to understand since Nobel Lecturer in Chemirtry. Volume chemistry. For example, the addition of more has happened in the field of chem- 3, 1942-1 962 halogen acids to olefins is examined, istry in the twentieth century than in all Markovnikov's rule is given, and then the previous centuries oombined. Thus the Published for the Nobel Foundation mechanism of the reaction is considered to author has had to make arbitrary selec- by the Elsevier Publishing Co. Ameri- rationalize this rule. The book ends with tions of what to include. His chemists can Elsevier Publishing Co., New a short chapter on the nucleus which will are mostly men who were born in the York, 1964. riii + 710 pp. Figs and probably be more exciting to the Berkeley nineteenth century and had generrtlly tables. 17 X 24.5 cm. 886. for set of students than to most. made their major contributions by the three valumes. This text should certainly he wnsidered first World War. Thus, one misses sueh by all instmctors of well prepmed students Nobel lectures have been published Nobel Prize winners as Karrer, Richard each year in the language in which they of above average ability. I t does a Kuhn, A. Todd, Sanger, du Vigneaud, superb job of presenting the important were presented. This new series pub- Libby, Heyrovsky, and Ziegler. Many lishes the lectures in the English language, principles of chemistry and is as successful other prominent chemists of the con- in applymg these to the systematieation of arranged in chronological order, according temporary period receive no more than a to prize categories. The Nobel Founda- the chemistry of the elements as any book line or two (e.g., Pauling, Seaborg, Calvin, available. About the usual number of tion and the publishers intend these vol- R. Robinson, F. G. Hopkins, E. 0. Law- umes for readers who wish to follow the errors for a first edition are to be found. rence, Pregl), and others are not even Sometime during the 6nal stages of pro- development of a certain field as reflected mentioned. in the Nobel lectures. duction, the title of this hook was changed However, such shortcomings can readily from "General Chemistry" to the more This volume covers 20 awards shared be forgiven. The kind of treatment given by 27 outstanding scientists. In each impressive and less descriptive "University easlier chemists would require still another Chemistry." One of the reviewer's ool- case the lecture is preceded by the presen- volume for the twentieth century alone. tation speech and followed by a brief leagues (a UCLA man) suggested that a Furthermore, in the modern period we more timely title would have been "MultC biography of the recipient. have available such bibliographic tools as versity Chemistry." Chemical Abstracts, Paggendorff'a Bi* R. STUART TOBIAS g r a p h i s c h - L i t Handwdrterbueh zur U n k s i t y of Minnesota Geschichte der ezacta Wissaschafta, and, for the nineteenth century, the Royal Minneapolis Society's Catalogue of Scientific Papers. Carbene Chemistry hence exhaustive bibliographies sueh as Partington included for chemists living Wolfgang Kinnse, Chemical Institute A History of Chemistry. Volume 4 before 1880 are not as essential. of the University of Marburg, Germany. Scholars in the history of chemi~try With contributions by H. M. Frey, J. R. Partingla, University of London. will be eternally indebted to Professor Peter P . Gaspar, and George S. Ham- Macmillan and Co., Ltd., London, Partington for this massive compilation. mond. Organic Chemistry hlonographs, 1964. xxxi +1007 pp. Figures. 17 His volumes will serve as a valnable s t a n Volume 1, edited by Alfred T. Blom- X 25.5 cm. $42. ing point for the initiation of new research quid, Cornell University, Ithaca, New in the history of chemistry. York. Academir Press, Inc., New This volume is the fourth and last in Professor Partington's monumental work AARON J. IHDE York, 1964. viii + 302 pp. Figs. although the first, dealing with chemistry and tables. 16 X 23.5 em. $9.50. University of Wiseonsin from antiquity to A.D. 1500 has not yet Madison In Volume I of its new series of mono- appeared. I t is said to be in press. Vol- graphs entitled "Organic Chemistry," ume 3, dealing principally with the Academic Press is offering a. hook which eighteenth century was reviewed in m s will prove valuable to both the chemists JOURNAL, 41, 231 (1964). Pert one (565 Vie de Berthelot directly involved in the osrbene develop . .. of Volume 4. whioh brines the oaees) Lea Vellw, Academie des Sciences. ment and those seeking to make ac- suhiert to approam~ntely IbGU, iollorrs Librairie Plon, Paris, 1964. 251 pp. quaintance with the nature and extent of the same 1)pr of biognphical orgsnlrarion the field. Dr. W. Kirmse (hlarburg) is rh:tr m s uanl in the previous V ~ I I ~ P S . Photographs. 14 X 19.5 cm. Paper- bound. 8. well-qualified for the task as a student of A somewhat more topical orgrtniailtion Professors L. Homer (Mainz) and W. E. is found in parts two through five which Marcellin Berthelot (1827-1907), em- Doering (Yale); he has, in addition an deal, respectively, with physical chem- inent French chemist and educator, was outstanding ability to collate and organize istry, organic, inorganio, and radiochem- noted especially for his work in organic a large body of knowledge, no mean feat istry. Even within the chapters of these synthesis, reaction mechanisms, thermo- in the turbulence attending the growth last parts, however, the treatment is still chemistry, physiological chemistry, and spurt of the past decade. This volume strongly biographical. As indicated in history of certain areas of the origin of fulfills the objectives of completeness and the review of Volume 3, this approach chemistry. He was minister of education clarity, and is up-to-date insofar as mod- leads to considerable fragmentation of and later of foreign affairs. He died just ern printing schedules permit (1963). topics and a certain amount of repetitive- a few hours after his wife and following a For many the highlights of the book ness. state funeral they were buried in the will be found in Chapters 11 and 12. The author continues his practioe of Pantheon. Chapter 11, Excess Energy in Carbene giving biographical information about The present account of his life and ac- Reactions, is written by Dr. H. M. Frey major chemists and includes bibliogr+ie complishments is written for the cultured (Southampton), a scientist who has oon- lists of their publieetions while treating French reader. I t relies heavily on let- tributed much to this field, and who their scientific contributions. Thevolume ters, newspaper accounts, etc., and gives presents here a concise authoritative is therefore a treasury of information little detailed information concerning the treatment of great import to the under- which can be garnered only piecemeal else- chemical matters. However, the copious standing of exothermio gas phase reac- where. However, the quantity of detail notes include biogrrtphied details of the tions. Both addition and insertion reac- frtlle off markedly in the later parts of the chemical personalities. There is much tions of CH1 are highly exothermic book. This is natural since the number of discussion of French political matters. processes which produce excited molecules prominent chemists working at the be- The Bibliography includes very few non- in the primary pmcesses, and secondary ginning of the twentieth century, and the French items. The family photographs products in competiiion with collisional mamitude of their contributions, becomes are interesting. In short, there is little deactivation. The failure to understand ove~whelming. here that would interest the average this competition explains the twenty year Volume 4 has been announced as dealing American chemist. lapse (1935-55) between the beginning of with the chemistry of the nineteenth and the studies of CHg and the presenMay twentieth centuries. In actuality, the RALPHE. OESPER understanding of its properties. coverage of the nineteenth century is University of Cincinnati quite satisfactory but that of the twentieth Cincinnati, Ohio (Continued on page A486)
Solution Advanced Problems in Organic Chemistry Part 2 Upto Page 240 Aldol and Cannizaro Reactions by M S Chouhan Vibrant Academy Kota For IIT JEE Main Advanced Chemistry Olympiad Balaji (PDFDrive)