What is the use of DHCP?

You can start with- The term DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. The use of DHCP is, it helps us
to define a specific dynamic IP address to all the network devices, which further allows the devices to get a new IP
address when every time it is connected.

What is the basic use of DNS at workstations?

The DNS (Domain Name System) is basically used to set host names that are readable by humans easily.

For example: www.globewarm.com is the DNS IP address and it’s machine IP address is 69.143.204.22. Generally,
the DNS is pre-configured on the working stations and the OS automatically rectify the domain IP address and
resolves it into machine IP address to work on.

What do you understand by a Default Gateway? What will happen if we don’t have one?

A Default Gateway is mainly a routing device that is used for sending all the unaddressed traffic to the destinations
in the local area sub-net and we do not have a default gateway then it will be impossible to have a perfect
connection/communication with the host of different networks.

If you are using a Dial-Up connection, then it is not at all necessary to have a default gateway because it already has
one installed in the ISP.

How can we track the path of the packet going to its destination?

For finding or tracing the path of a packet going to its destination you can take the help of the ‘tracer’ command to
resolve this problem.

What is the significance of the Safe Mode and when to apply it on a working OS?

The Windows Safe Mode option is basically used for diagnosing the OS and removing the spyware in the OS, also it
lets you troubleshoot the drivers and configure the software.

For the proper running of all the programs in the OS, only some of the files and Specific limited programs are
needed to support the OS.

With the safe mode option, you can remove the unwanted scrap from your OS and also it lets you to perform a
diagnostic test on the OS which is not actually possible in the Windows Normal Mode.

What are the ways to start the OS in safe mode?

(i). When you are using the OS close all the programs and restart the system, as you observe that the OS has started
then press the F8 function key multiple times so that it brings up the window having multiple booting options and
also it will have the option to start the computer in safe mode.

(ii). Press the Windows key at the down left corner of the key board along with R letter; this will open up the RUN
window.

Type in there-> msconfig, the system configuration window will open in front of you and there you can select the
‘minimal’ option in the safe boot option, this will help you to start the computer in Safe Mode from next time.

Give the main significance of the Boot.ini file?

The Boot.ini file is used for the boot process of the OS, it stars with Windows NT. This command also helps in work
of dual Booting of multiple OS in the same computer.

How to edit the boot.ini?

Open the Run window as mentioned above and again type the MSCONFIG command and open the configuration
dialogue box.

Select the BOOT.INI from the different options. Now click on the CHECK ALL BOOT PATHS. Now a screen with
detailed information will be opened from there you can easily edit the BOOT.INI
How can we check the IP configuration?

Easily you can enter the “ipconfig” command in the RUN windows it will open all the configurations of the IP and
TCP.

How can we convert the Hard Disk into Dynamic?

Log in the administration account.

Open the RUN windows and type in the “diskmgmt.msc” command; you will get a new window from there, select
the option by right clicking to Basic hard disk to Dynamic hard disk.

“Blue Screen of Death” what do you understand by this term?

The main reason of this error is because of the incompatibility of some of the software or the hardware of the OS.

Three most common reasons for this BSD error:

Faulty RAM

High CPU usage and processing

Installation of unwanted and faulty software.

We can solve this problem by the following steps:

Take out the RAM and clean it by rubbing a rubber on the chip side and again insert it back.

If the error occurs again then try using the RAM on another computer.

Every error of BDS has a unique code with it, you can copy it and search for the solution on GOOGLE.

What are the main sources of the viruses to enter in an OS and how can we prevent our OS from it?

Different sources from which a virus can infect an OS:

Internet downloads

Different emails

Attachments with the email

Clicking on suspicious link ad’s

Infected CD’s/DVD’s

Infected flash drives

These are the main sources from where a virus can infect your OS. We can prevent our OS by installing a licensed
and original Anti-virus which works well on the respected OS.

Describe the common types of LAN cables used nowadays? What is the ideal length that can be used for the
proper communication through LAN wires?

The two common LAN wires that can be used are:

Cat 5 and Cat 5e UTP cables can support data speed up to 100 Mbps.

Cat 6 and Cat 6e UTP cables can support data speed up to 1 GBPS.

The length of the LAN wire works well up to 80 meters or 260 feet. If the length of the wire exceeds then the speed
will be affected.

What can be the possible reasons for error “Windows cannot currently connect for updates”?

There can be possibly two reasons for this error to occur:

i. Deleted/Missing/Corrupted Files
ii. Update service disabled.

These can be resolved by:

1st method:

Contact the Microsoft by reporting a problem.

2nd method:

Type the ‘services.msc’ command in the RUN window.

Find the update windows option.

Right click on it and select PROPERTIES.

Type ENABLE in the Start Up blank.

Click on start

Click on OK at last in the bottom of the window.

What do you understand by sysWOW64 folder?

This type of file is mainly found in 64-bit OS like the 64-bit Windows 7. It is like the system file like the system32 file
in 32-bit operating OS.

NTLDR error- what do understand from it?

NTLDR is the network loader. This function helps in loading the OS. When this file is missing from the OS then this
error occurs. It can be resolved by copying the NTLDR file from the OS CD.

Elaborate on the different types of OS? What is a VPN server and a RAS?

There are generally 2 types of OS:

i. SOS: Simple Operating System [Windows 95, 98, ME]

ii. NOS: Network Operating System [Windows NT, 2000, 2003]

The term VPN stands for Virtual Private Network. The VPN server is a private server which is widely used by
companies, organizations and government bodies for communication purpose and to communicate privately over
the Local or the Public server.

The RAS stands for Remote Access Server and is basically used to operate nearby Remote Devices.