Quelali Massi Luis Miguel

Sanchez Maria Rosario

Muros con Contrafuertes

Los contrafuertes son uniones entre la pantalla vertical del muro y la base. La pantalla
de estos muros resiste los empujes trabajando como losa continua apoyada en los
contrafuertes, es decir, el refuerzo principal en el muro se coloca horizontalmente, son
muros de hormigón armado, económicos para alturas mayores a 10 metros.

Los muros con contrafuertes representan una evolución de los muros en cantilíver, ya
que al aumentar la altura del muro, aumenta el espesor de la pantalla, este aumento
de espesor es sustituido por los contrafuertes; la solución conlleva un armado,
encofrado y vaciado más complejo.

Datos:
kgf kN
Altura H H ≔ 8.00 m qadm ≔ 2.8 ―― q0 ≔ 10 ――
cm 2 m2
Estratos de suelo

Suelo 1
kN kN kN
γ1 ≔ 15 ―― ϕ1 ≔ 18 C1 ≔ 0 ⋅ ―― h1 ≔ 2.5 m γ1sat ≔ 17 ――
m3 m2 hNF ≔ 1.6 m m3
h ≔ h1 - hNF = 0.9 m

Suelo 2
kN kN
γ2 ≔ 19 ―― ϕ2 ≔ 25 C2 ≔ 5 ⋅ ―― h2 ≔ 2.5 m
m3 m2
Suelo 3
kN kN
γ3 ≔ 22 ―― ϕ3 ≔ 29 C3 ≔ 10 ⋅ ―― h3 ≔ 3.0 m
m3 m2

Suelo 4
kN kN
γP ≔ 22 ―― ϕP ≔ 25 CP ≔ 15 ⋅ ―― D ≔ 1.0 m
m3 m2

Materiales
 Quelali Massi Luis Miguel
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Materiales

kgf kgf kN
f'c ≔ 210 ―― fy ≔ 4200 ―― γH ≔ 23.58 ――
cm 2 cm 2 m3

Predimensionamiento del muro

Ancho de la Cimentacion B Espesor superior de la pantalla Es

H
0,40H< B < 0,70H Es ≔ ― = 0.4 m
20
B ≔ 0.65 ⋅ H = 5.2 m Espesor inferior de la pantalla Ei
H
Longitud de puntera pie Ei ≔ ― = 0.4 m
20
H
BP ≔ ― = 0.667 m Altura de la cimentacion Bh
12
H
Longitud de puntera talon Bh ≔ ―= 1 m
8
BT ≔ B - BP - Ei = 4.133 m

Predimensionamiento del contrafuerte

Separacion entre contrafuertes Espesor del contrafuerte

H
S ≔ 0.75 ⋅ m + 0.22 ⋅ H = 2.51 m Ec ≔ ― = 0.4 m
20

Calculo de presiones y empuje de terreno

TRAMO 1-2: Calculo de la presion admisible se determinado por:

Presion de poros Presion del suelo

kN kN
γw ≔ 9.81 ―― σ0 ≔ q0 = 10 ――
m3 m2
 Quelali Massi Luis Miguel
SanchezkNMaria Rosario kN
γw ≔ 9.81 ―― σ0 ≔ q0 = 10 ――
m3 m2

kN kN
υ1 ≔ γw ⋅ 0 m = 0 ―― σ1 ≔ σ0 + γ1 ⋅ ⎛⎝hNF⎞⎠ = 34 ――
m2 m2

Presion admisible
2
⎛ ⎛⎛ ϕ1 ⎞ ⎞⎞
ka1 ≔ ⎜tan ⎜⎜45 - ―⎟ ⋅ deg ⎟⎟ = 0.528 ka1 = 0.528
⎝ ⎝⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎠⎠

σ'0 ≔ ⎛⎝σ0 - υ1⎞⎠ ⋅ ka1 - 2 ⋅ C1 ⋅ ‾‾‾

ka1 σ'0.1 ≔ ⎛⎝σ1 - υ1⎞⎠ ⋅ ka1 - 2 ⋅ C1 ⋅ ‾‾‾
ka1
kN kN
σ'0 = 5.279 ―― σ'0.1 = 17.947 ――
m2 m2

TRAMO 2-3: Calculo de la presion admisible se determinado por:

Presion de poros Presion del suelo

kN kN
υ2 ≔ υ1 + γw ⋅ h = 8.829 ―― σ2 ≔ σ1 + γ1sat ⋅ ⎛⎝hNF⎞⎠ = 61.2 ――
m2 m2

Presion admisible

σ'1 ≔ ⎛⎝σ1 - υ1⎞⎠ ⋅ ka1 - 2 ⋅ C1 ⋅ ‾‾‾

ka1 σ'1.1 ≔ ⎛⎝σ2 - υ2⎞⎠ ⋅ ka1 - 2 ⋅ C1 ⋅ ‾‾‾
ka1
kN kN
σ'1 = 17.947 ―― σ'1.1 = 27.645 ――
m2 m2

TRAMO 3-4: Calculo de la presion admisible se determinado por:

Presion de poros Presion del suelo

kN kN
υ3 ≔ υ2 + γw ⋅ h2 = 33.354 ―― σ3 ≔ σ2 + γ2 ⋅ h2 = 108.7 ――
m2 m2

Presion admisible
2
⎛ ⎛⎛ ϕ2 ⎞ ⎞⎞
ka2 ≔ ⎜tan ⎜⎜45 - ―⎟ ⋅ deg ⎟⎟ = 0.406 ka2 = 0.406
⎝ ⎝⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎠⎠

σ'2 ≔ ⎛⎝σ2 - υ2⎞⎠ ⋅ ka2 - 2 ⋅ C2 ⋅ ‾‾‾

ka2 σ'2.1 ≔ ⎛⎝σ3 - υ3⎞⎠ ⋅ ka2 - 2 ⋅ C2 ⋅ ‾‾‾
ka2
kN kN
σ'2 = 14.885 ―― σ'2.1 = 24.209 ――
m2 m2

TRAMO 4-5: Calculo de la presion admisible se determinado por:

 Quelali Massi Luis Miguel
Sanchez Maria Rosario

TRAMO 4-5: Calculo de la presion admisible se determinado por:

Presion de poros Presion del suelo

kN kN
υ4 ≔ υ3 + ⎛⎝γw ⋅ h3⎞⎠ = 62.784 ―― σ4 ≔ σ3 + γ3 ⋅ h3 = 174.7 ――
m2 m2

Presion admisible
2
⎛ ⎛⎛ ϕ3 ⎞ ⎞⎞
ka3 ≔ ⎜tan ⎜⎜45 - ―⎟ ⋅ deg ⎟⎟ = 0.347 ka3 = 0.347
⎝ ⎝⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎠⎠

σ'3 ≔ ⎛⎝σ3 - υ3⎞⎠ ⋅ ka3 - 2 ⋅ C3 ⋅ ‾‾‾

ka3 σ'3.1 ≔ ⎛⎝σ4 - υ4⎞⎠ ⋅ ka3 - 2 ⋅ C3 ⋅ ‾‾‾
ka3
kN kN
σ'3 = 14.362 ―― σ'3.1 = 27.051 ――
m2 m2

Del diagrama de la distribución de la presión

Admisible dado en la figura se tiene

kN
R1 ≔ ⎛⎝hNF⎞⎠ ⋅ σ'0 = 8.446 ――
m

hNF ⋅ ⎛⎝σ'0.1 - σ'0⎞⎠ kN

R2 ≔ ―――――― = 10.135 ――
2 m

kN
R3 ≔ h ⋅ ⎛⎝σ'1⎞⎠ = 16.153 ――
m

h ⋅ ⎛⎝σ'1.1 + υ2 - σ'1⎞⎠ kN
R4 ≔ ――――――= 8.337 ――
2 m

kN
R5 ≔ h2 ⋅ ⎛⎝σ'2 + υ2⎞⎠ = 59.284 ――
m

h2 ⋅ ⎛⎝σ'2.1 - σ'2 + υ2⎞⎠ kN

R6 ≔ ――――――= 22.692 ――
2 m

kN
R7 ≔ h3 ⋅ ⎛⎝σ'3 + υ3⎞⎠ = 143.149 ――
m

h3 ⋅ ⎛⎝σ'3.1 - σ'3 + υ3⎞⎠ kN

R8 ≔ ――――――= 69.064 ――
2 m

kN
Pa ≔ R1 + R2 + R3 + R4 + R5 + R6 + R7 + R8 Pa = 337.259 ――
m

Brazo respecto del punto A

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Brazo respecto del punto A

hNF h
xr1 ≔ h3 + h2 + h + ―― = 7.2 m xr3 ≔ h3 + h2 + ―= 5.95 m
2 2

hNF h
xr2 ≔ h3 + h2 + h + ―― = 6.933 m xr4 ≔ h3 + h2 + ―= 5.8 m
3 3

h2 h3
xr5 ≔ h3 + ―= 4.25 m xr7 ≔ ―= 1.5 m
2 2

h2 h3
xr6 ≔ h3 + ―= 3.833 m xr8 ≔ ―= 1 m
3 3

Momento respecto del punto A

⎡ R1 ⋅ xr1 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎡ 60.81 ⎤ kN
R2 ⋅ xr2 α ≔ 0 ⋅ deg Pav ≔ Pa ⋅ sin ((α)) = 0 ――
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ 70.269 ⎥ m
⎢ R3 ⋅ xr3 ⎥ ⎢ 96.108 ⎥
⎢ R4 ⋅ xr4 ⎥ ⎢ 48.354 ⎥
MA ≔ ⎢ ⎥=⎢ ⎥ kN ORIGIN ≔ 1
⎢ R ⋅ x ⎥ ⎢ 251.956 ⎥ kN
5 r5
⎢ Pah ≔ Pa ⋅ cos ((α)) = 337.259 ――
⎢ R6 ⋅ xr6 ⎥ 86.986 ⎥ m
⎢ ⎥ n ≔ cols ⎛⎝MA⎞⎠ = 1
⎢R ⋅x ⎥ 214.723
⎢ 7 r7
⎥ ⎣ 69.064 ⎥⎦
⎢
R ⋅
⎣ 8 r8 ⎦x w ≔ rows ⎛⎝MA⎞⎠ = 8
w
⟩

i
∑ MA
⟨

i=1
y0 ≔ ――― = [[ 2.663 ]] m y ≔ y0 = 2.663 m
Pa 1

kN ⋅ m
M0 ≔ Pah ⋅ y = 898.271 ―――
m

Secciones actuantes

((1)) A1 ≔ Bh ⋅ B = 5.2 m 2

((2)) A2 ≔ Es ⋅ ((H - Bh)) = 2.8 m 2

((3)) A3 ≔ BT ⋅ hNF = 6.613 m 2

((4)) A4 ≔ BT ⋅ h = 3.72 m 2

((5)) A5 ≔ BT ⋅ h2 = 10.333 m 2

((6)) A6 ≔ BT ⋅ ⎛⎝h3⎞⎠ = 12.4 m 2

Peso por longitud unitaria

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A6 ≔ BT ⋅ ⎛⎝h3⎞⎠ = 12.4 m 2

Peso por longitud unitaria

kN kN
((1)) V1 ≔ A1 ⋅ γH = 122.616 ―― ((4)) V4 ≔ A4 ⋅ γ1sat = 63.24 ――
m m

kN kN
((2)) V2 ≔ A2 ⋅ γH = 66.024 ―― ((5)) V5 ≔ A5 ⋅ γ2 = 196.333 ――
m m

kN kN
((3)) V3 ≔ A3 ⋅ γ1 = 99.2 ―― ((6)) V6 ≔ A6 ⋅ γ3 = 272.8 ――
m m

kN
((7)) V7 ≔ q0 ⋅ BT = 41.333 ――
m

kN
ΣV ≔ V1 + V2 + V3 + V4 + V5 + V6 + V7 = 861.547 ――
m

Brazo respecto al punto A

B BT
((1)) br1 ≔ ―= 2.6 m ((4)) br4 ≔ BP - Ei + ―― = 2.333 m
2 2

Ei BT
((2)) br2 ≔ BP - ― = 0.467 m ((5)) br5 ≔ BP - Ei + ―― = 2.333 m
2 2

BT BT
((3)) br3 ≔ BP - Ei + ―― = 2.333 m ((6)) br6 ≔ BP - Ei + ―― = 2.333 m
2 2

Momentos respecto al punto A

kN ⋅ m kN ⋅ m
((1)) M1 ≔ V1 ⋅ br1 = 318.802 ――― ((5)) M5 ≔ V5 ⋅ br5 = 458.111 ―――
m m

kN ⋅ m kN ⋅ m
((2)) M2 ≔ V2 ⋅ br2 = 30.811 ――― ((6)) M6 ≔ V6 ⋅ br6 = 636.533 ―――
m m

kN ⋅ m kN ⋅ m
((3)) M3 ≔ V3 ⋅ br3 = 231.467 ――― ((7)) M7 ≔ V7 ⋅ br6 = 96.444 ―――
m m

kN ⋅ m
((4)) M4 ≔ V4 ⋅ br4 = 147.56 ―――
m

kN ⋅ m
ΣM ≔ M1 + M2 + M3 + M4 + M5 + M6 + M7 = 1919.728 ―――
m

Factor de seguridad al volcamiento

ΣM
FSvolcamiento ≔ ―― = 2.137 FSvolcamiento > 2 = 1
M0
 Quelali Massi Luis Miguel
Sanchez MariaΣMRosario
FSvolcamiento ≔ ―― = 2.137 FSvolcamiento > 2 = 1
M0

Factor de seguridad al deslizamiento

2
⎛ ⎛⎛ ϕP ⎞ ⎞⎞
kp ≔ ⎜tan ⎜⎜45 + ―⎟ ⋅ deg ⎟⎟ = 2.464 kp = 2.464
⎝ ⎝⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎠⎠

1 kN
Pp ≔ ―⋅ kp ⋅ γP ⋅ D 2 + 2 ⋅ CP ⋅ ‾‾
kp ⋅ D Pp = 74.194 ――
2 m

2 2
k1 ≔ ― k2 ≔ ―
3 3

ΣV ⋅ tan ⎛⎝k1 ⋅ ϕP⎞⎠ + B ⋅ k2 ⋅ CP + Pp

FSdeslizamiento ≔ ――――――――――― = 4.013 FSdeslizamiento > 1.5 = 1
Pah

Capacidad ultima de apoyo

ΣM - M0 Separacion entre ejes de
x ≔ ―――― = 1.186 m contrafuertes Sn
ΣV
Sn ≔ S - Ec = 2.11 m
B
e ≔ ―- x = 1.414 m
2 Ac ≔ Sn ⋅ BT = 8.721 m 2

ΣV ⎛ 6⋅e⎞ kgf
qmax ≔ ―― ⋅ ⎜1 + ―― ⎟ ⋅ m = 2.651 ―― qmax < qadm = 1
Ac ⎝ B ⎠ cm 2

ΣV ⎛ 6⋅e⎞ kgf
qmin ≔ ―― ⋅ ⎜1 - ―― ⎟ ⋅ m = -0.637 ―― qmin < qadm = 1
Ac ⎝ B ⎠ cm 2
Diseño de la pantalla

Diagrama de empujes
q0
h's ≔ ―= 0.667 m Altura provocada por la sobrecarga
γ1
kN
E1 ≔ ka1 ⋅ γ1 ⋅ h's ⋅ 1.4 = 7.39 ――
m2

kN
E2 ≔ ka1 ⋅ γ1sat ⋅ ⎛⎝hNF + h's⎞⎠ ⋅ 1.4 = 28.477 ――
m2

kN
E3 ≔ ka1 ⋅ γ1 ⋅ ⎛⎝h1 + h's⎞⎠ ⋅ 1.4 = 35.103 ――
m2

kN
E4 ≔ ka2 ⋅ γ2 ⋅ ⎛⎝h1 + h2 + h's⎞⎠ ⋅ 1.4 = 61.176 ――
m2
 Quelali Massi Luis Miguel
Sanchez Maria Rosario kN
E4 ≔ ka2 ⋅ γ2 ⋅ ⎛⎝h1 + h2 + h's⎞⎠ ⋅ 1.4 = 61.176 ――
m2

kN
E5 ≔ ka3 ⋅ γ3 ⋅ ((H + h's)) ⋅ 1.4 = 92.619 ――
m2

Empujes Promedios W
E1 + E2 kN E3 + E4 kN
Seccion A W1 ≔ ――― = 17.933 ―― Seccion C W3 ≔ ――― = 48.14 ――
2 m 2
2 m2

E2 + E3 kN E4 + E5 kN
Seccion B W2 ≔ ――― = 31.79 ―― Seccion D W4 ≔ ――― = 76.898 ――
2 m2 2 m2

sec M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 v1 v2
⎛ kN ⋅ m ⎞ ⎛ kN ⋅ m ⎞ ⎛ kN ⋅ m ⎞ ⎛ kN ⋅ m ⎞ ⎛ kN ⋅ m ⎞ ⎛ kN ⋅ m ⎞ ⎛ kN ⋅ m ⎞
⎜――― ⎟ ⎜――― ⎟ ⎜――― ⎟ ⎜――― ⎟ ⎜――― ⎟ ⎜――― ⎟ ⎜――― ⎟
⎝ kN ⎠ ⎝ kN ⎠ ⎝ kN ⎠ ⎝ kN ⎠ ⎝ kN ⎠ ⎝ kN ⎠ ⎝ kN ⎠
W1 ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W1 ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W1 ⋅ Sn 2 W1 ⋅ Sn 2 W1 ⋅ Sn 2
A ――――――――――― ――― ――― 0.5 ⋅ W1 ⋅ Sn 0.58 ⋅ W1 ⋅ Sn
16 14 10 16 11
W2 ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W2 ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W2 ⋅ Sn 2 W2 ⋅ Sn 2 W2 ⋅ Sn 2
B ――――――――――― ――― ――― 0.5 ⋅ W2 ⋅ Sn 0.58 ⋅ W2 ⋅ Sn
16 14 10 16 11
W3 ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W3 ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W3 ⋅ Sn 2 W3 ⋅ Sn 2 W3 ⋅ Sn 2
C ――――――――――― ――― ――― 0.5 ⋅ W3 ⋅ Sn 0.58 ⋅ W3 ⋅ Sn
16 14 10 16 11
W4 ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W4 ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W4 ⋅ Sn 2 W4 ⋅ Sn 2 W4 ⋅ Sn 2
D ――――――――――― ――― ――― 0.5 ⋅ W4 ⋅ Sn 0.58 ⋅ W4 ⋅ Sn
16 14 10 16 11

Momentos y Cortantes para la seccion de W

 Quelali Massi Luis Miguel
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Momentos y Cortantes para la seccion de W

⎡ 4.99 ⎤ ⎡ 5.703 ⎤ ⎡ 7.258 ⎤

⎢ 8.846 ⎥ ⎢ 10.109 ⎥ ⎢ 12.866 ⎥
M1 = ⎢ ⎥ kN ⋅ m M2 = ⎢ ⎥ kN ⋅ m M5 = ⎢ ⎥ kN ⋅ m
⎢ 13.395 ⎥ ⎢ 15.309 ⎥ ⎢ 19.484 ⎥
⎣ 21.397 ⎦ ⎣ 24.454 ⎦ ⎣ 31.123 ⎦

⎡ 7.984 ⎤ ⎡ 4.99 ⎤
⎢ 14.153 ⎥ ⎢ 8.846 ⎥
M3 = ⎢ ⎥ kN ⋅ m M4 = ⎢ ⎥ kN ⋅ m
⎢ 21.432 ⎥ ⎢ 13.395 ⎥
⎣ 34.236 ⎦ ⎣ 21.397 ⎦

⎡ 18.92 ⎤ ⎡ 21.947 ⎤
⎢ 33.538 ⎥ ⎢ 38.904 ⎥
v1 = ⎢ ⎥ kN v2 = ⎢ ⎥ kN
⎢ 50.787 ⎥ ⎢ 58.913 ⎥
⎣ 81.127 ⎦ ⎣ 94.107 ⎦

Verificacion del espesor de la pantalla por flexion

Mumax ≔ max ⎛⎝M1 , M2 , M3 , M4 , M5⎞⎠ = 34.236 kN ⋅ m

Cuantia de acero donde β ≔ 0.85

β 600372
ρ ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ―⋅ ――――― ρ = 0.036
fy fy
600372 + ――
kgf
――
cm 2

Cuantia maxima de acero

ρmax ≔ 0.75 ⋅ ρ ρmax = 0.027

⎛ fy ⎞ kgf
Ru ≔ ρmax ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜1 - 0.59 ⋅ ρmax ⋅ ―⎟ = 77.126 ――
⎝ f'c ⎠ cm 2

Espesor minimo requerido por flexion

ϕflexion ≔ 0.9 b≔1 m

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Mumax
dr ≔ ――――― dr = 7.092 cm
ϕflexion ⋅ Ru ⋅ b

Verificacion del cortante

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Verificacion del cortante

Elegir el cortante mayor para verificar

r ≔ 2.5 cm t ≔ Es - 2 r = 35 cm El espesor t es continuo

⎡ 0.639 ⎤
v2 ⎢ 1.133 ⎥ kgf ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾
f'c kgf ⎞ kgf
v ≔ ―― =⎢ ⎥ ―― vc ≔ 0.53 ⋅ ⎜ ――⋅ ―― ⎟ = 7.68 ――
b ⋅ t ⎢ 1.716 ⎥ cm 2 ⎜ kgf cm ⎟
2
cm 2
――
⎣ 2.742 ⎦ ⎜⎝ cm 2 ⎟⎠

⎡1⎤
⎢1⎥
v < vc = ⎢ ⎥
⎢1⎥
⎣1⎦

Area de acero para la seccion A

⎛⎡ W ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W ⋅ Sn 2 W ⋅ Sn 2 W ⋅ Sn 2 ⎤⎞
1 1 1 1 1
MuA ≔ ⎜⎢ ――――――――――― ――― ―――⎥⎟
⎝⎣ 16 14 10 16 11 ⎦⎠

MuA = [[ 4.99 5.703 7.984 4.99 7.258 ]] kN

MuAmax ≔ max ⎛⎝MuA⎞⎠ ⋅ m = 7.984 kN ⋅ m

0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾

⎛ 2 ⋅ MuAmax ⎞⎞
AsA ≔ ―――― ⋅ ⎜dr - dr 2 - ⎜――――――⎟ ⎟
fy ⎜⎝ ⎝ ϕflexion ⋅ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⎠ ⎟⎠

AsA = 3.208 cm 2

Area de acero para la seccion B

⎛⎡ W ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W ⋅ Sn 2 W ⋅ Sn 2 W ⋅ Sn 2 ⎤⎞
2 2 2 2 2
MuB ≔ ⎜⎢ ――――――――――― ――― ―――⎥⎟
⎝⎣ 16 14 10 16 11 ⎦⎠

MuB = [[ 8.846 10.109 14.153 8.846 12.866 ]] kN

MuBmax ≔ max ⎛⎝MuB⎞⎠ ⋅ m = 14.153 kN ⋅ m

0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾

⎛ 2 ⋅ MuBmax ⎞⎞
AsB ≔ ―――― ⋅ ⎜dr - dr 2 - ⎜――――――⎟ ⎟
fy ⎜⎝ ⎝ ϕflexion ⋅ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⎠ ⎟⎠

AsB = 5.976 cm 2
Quelali Massi Luis Miguel
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AsB = 5.976 cm 2

Area de acero para la seccion C

⎛⎡ W ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W ⋅ Sn 2 W ⋅ Sn 2 W ⋅ Sn 2 ⎤⎞
3 3 3 3 3
MuC ≔ ⎜⎢ ――――――――――― ――― ―――⎥⎟
⎝⎣ 16 14 10 16 11 ⎦⎠

MuC = [[ 13.395 15.309 21.432 13.395 19.484 ]] kN

MuCmax ≔ max ⎛⎝MuC⎞⎠ ⋅ m = 21.432 kN ⋅ m

0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾

⎛ 2 ⋅ MuCmax ⎞⎞
AsC ≔ ―――― ⋅ ⎜dr - dr 2 - ⎜――――――⎟ ⎟
fy ⎜⎝ ⎝ ϕflexion ⋅ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⎠ ⎟⎠

AsC = 9.72 cm 2

Area de acero para la seccion D

⎛⎡ W ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W ⋅ ⎛⎝Sn 2 ⎞⎠ W ⋅ Sn 2 W ⋅ Sn 2 W ⋅ Sn 2 ⎤⎞
4 4 4 4 4
MuD ≔ ⎜⎢ ――――――――――― ――― ―――⎥⎟
⎝⎣ 16 14 10 16 11 ⎦⎠

MuD = [[ 21.397 24.454 34.236 21.397 31.123 ]] kN

MuDmax ≔ max ⎛⎝MuD⎞⎠ ⋅ m = 34.236 kN ⋅ m

0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾

⎛ 2 ⋅ MuDmax ⎞⎞
AsD ≔ ―――― ⋅ ⎜dr - dr 2 - ⎜――――――⎟ ⎟
fy ⎜⎝ ⎝ ϕflexion ⋅ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⎠ ⎟⎠

AsD = 19.032 cm 2

Armadura minima

Asmin ≔ 0.0033 ⋅ b ⋅ dr = 2.34 cm 2

Armadura de temperatura

At ≔ 0.0022 ⋅ b ⋅ t = 7.7 cm 2

At
Ati ≔ ―= 2.567 cm 2 Armadura de temperatura cara interior
3

2 ⋅ At
Ate ≔ ――= 5.133 cm 2 Armadura de temperatura cara exterior
3