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Glauber Rocha
Glauber de Andrade Rocha (14 March 1939 – 22 August 1981),
Glauber Rocha
better known as Glauber Rocha, was a Brazilian film director,
actor and screenwriter. He was a key figure of Cinema Novo and one
of the most influential moviemakers of Brazilian cinema. His films
Black God, White Devil and Entranced Earth are often considered
to be two of the greatest achievements in Brazilian cinematic
history,[1] being selected by Abraccine as, respectively, the second
and fifth best Brazilian films of all-time.[2]

Rocha's film possess a staunch avant-garde and experimental

Born 14 March 1939
nature, making of him a seminal figure of the new wave. His works
Vitória da Conquista,
are noted for their many political overtones, often addressing the
Bahia, Brazil
passive-aggressive situation of the Third World, which Rocha
referred to both metaphorically and objectively as "hunger" in his
Died 22 August 1981
essay Estética da Fome (The Aesthetics of Hunger). Rocha won the
(aged 42)
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Prix de la mise en scène at the 1969 Cannes Film Festival for
Antonio das Mortes and the 1977 Special Jury Prize for Best Short Occupation Film director
Film for Di. Three of Rocha's films were nominated for the Palm Years active 1959 – 1981
d'Or, including Entranced Earth, which was awarded the FIPRESCI Spouse(s) Helena Ignez
at the 1967 Cannes Film Festival and the Grand Prix of the Locarno (1959-1961)
Film Festival of the same year.
Awards FIPRESCI:
1967 Entranced Earth
Prix de la mise en
Contents scène:
1968 Antonio das Mortes
Biography
Special Jury Prize for
Filmography
Best Short Film:
Quotations
1977 Di
See also
References
External links

Biography
Rocha was born in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil and moved with his family to Salvador when he was only 9
years old, there studying in a well-known Presbyterian school.

During his adolescence, he developed great interest in arts, especially theatre and cinema, and even joined a drama
group. He was also very active in politics, a trait that would be strongly influential in his works. A member of the
Brazilian radical left, he helped start a political party in the late 1950s that called for an anti-capitalist people's
revolution and, among other things, advocated the abolition of money.

By the age of 16 he started freelancing for a local newspaper and debuted as a movie reviewer. Later, he attended
Law School for about two years and in 1959, after taking part in some projects as assistant, he finally directed his

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first short, "Pátio". After gaining some recognition in Bahia for his critical and artistic work, Rocha decided to quit
college and pursue a journalistic career, as well as being a film-maker.

He is famous for his film trilogy, made up of Black God, White Devil (1964) - perhaps his most acclaimed movie,
nominated for the Golden Palm - Entranced Earth (1967) and Antonio das Mortes (1969), award-winning for Best
Director at Cannes. His films were renowned for their strongly-expressed political themes, often combined with
mysticism and folklore, but also for their particular style and photography. Rocha is regarded as one of the best
Brazilian directors of all time and leader of the Cinema Novo movement, as well as a full-time polemicist. He once
said "I am the Cinema Novo",[3] paraphrasing Louis XIV's famous quote. In an interview with Le Monde, Rocha
said "My Brazilian films belong to a whole period when my generation was full of wild dreams and hopes. They are
full of enthusiasm, faith and militancy and were inspired by my great love of Brazil."[4]

In 1969 he was a member of the jury at the 6th Moscow International Film Festival.[5] In the following year, Rocha
made a brief appearance in the Dziga Vertov Group film Wind from the East. After refusing an invitation by Jean-
Luc Godard to shoot a segment of the film, Rocha appeared as a man in a crossway pointing the direction of the
political cinema, namely, the Cinema Novo.[6]

In 1971, during the Brazilian military dictatorial regime, he left the country to a voluntary exile, dwelling in many
places, such as Spain, Chile and on the Portuguese Riviera. He never completely returned home until his last days,
when he was transferred from Lisbon, where he had been receiving medical treatment for a lung infection, to Rio de
Janeiro. Rocha resisted in hospital for few days, but ultimately died on August 22, 1981, at the age of 42. He had
been married three times and had five children.

Filmography
Key

Indicates a documentary Indicates a short film

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List of films directed by Glauber Rocha

English release
Year Original title Language(s) Notes
title(s)

Cruz na Praça
1958 Unfinished silent short film. Lost.

1959 Pátio Terrace Silent

Barravento / The
1962 Barravento Portuguese
Turning Wind

Deus e o Diabo Black God, White

1964 Portuguese
na Terra do Sol Devil

Amazonas, Short documentary on the Amazonas

1965 Portuguese
Amazonas state in Brazil.

Short documentary on José Sarney's

inaugural address as governor of
1966 Maranhão 66 Portuguese
Maranhão state in Brazil and its poor
people's harsh life conditions.

Anguished Land /
Terra em Land Entranced /
1967 Portuguese
Transe Land in Anguish /
Entranced Earth

Short documentary on the March of the

1968 1968 Portuguese
One Hundred Thousand.

O Dragão da
Maldade Contra Antonio das French-Brazilian-German-American
1969 Portuguese
o Santo Mortes co-production
Guerreiro

Cabezas
1970 Cutting Heads Spanish Spanish-Brazilian co-production.
Cortadas

Der Leone Have

Der Leone Portuguese,
Sept Cabeças,
1970 Have Sept French, German, Brazilian-Italian-French co-production.
The Lion Has
Cabeças English
Seven Heads

Paloma,
1972 Portuguese
Paloma

Co-directed with Marcos Medeiros.

História do
1973 History of Brazil Portuguese Cuban-Italian co-production.
Brasil Documentary on the history of Brazil.

Italian, French,
1975 Claro Italian production.
English

Co-directed with Alberto Seixas

Santos, António da Cunha Telles,
As Armas e o Eduardo Geada, José de Sá Caetano
1975 Portuguese
Povo and José Fonseca e Costa.
Portuguese production. Documentary
on the 1974 Carnation Revolution.

Also known as Di Cavalcanti and Di-

1977 Di Portuguese Glauber. Short documentary on Di
Cavalcanti during his wake and burial.

Jorge Amado Also known as Jorjamado and

1977 Portuguese Jorjamado no Cinema. Short
no Cinema
documentary on Jorge Amado.

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English release
Year Original title Language(s) Notes
title(s)
A Idade da The Age of the
1980 Portuguese
Terra Earth

1982 Câncer Cancer Portuguese Filmed between 1968-1972.

Co-directed with Mossa Bildner. Filmed

A Vida É in 1973. Short documentary on Rocha
2015 Portuguese
Estranha and Bildner's trip to Essaouira city in
Morocco.

Quotations
On art:

"Art is not only talent, but mainly courage"

"Art is as hard as love"
"Every artist should be crazy and ambitious"
"The artist's goal is to outrage"
"The camera is an object that lies"
"Cinema Novo is the creative synthesis of Brazilian international popular cinema."
"Cinema Novo stood with the Brazilian utopia. Whether it is ugly, irregular, dirty, confusing and chaotic, it is, on
the other hand, beautiful, shining and revolutionary."
On politics:

"The revolutionary truth lies within the minorities"

"Dreaming is the only right one cannot forbid"
"The State is stronger than the poet"
"Stronger than anything is the people's power"
"This country needs poets"
On himself:

"I'm a single peasant from Vitória da Conquista"

"I'm very famous and pretty poor"
"You're all misunderstanding my madness!"

See also
Cinema of Brazil
List of awards and nominations for Brazilian films
List of Brazilian films
List of Brazilians

References
1. Tose, Juliano. "contracampo – revista de cinema" (http://www.contracampo.com.br/27/frames.htm) (in
Portuguese). Retrieved 2008-02-06.
2. "Abraccine organiza ranking dos 100 melhores filmes brasileiros" (https://abraccine.org/2015/11/27/abraccine-
organiza-ranking-dos-100-melhores-filmes-brasileiros/) (in Portuguese). 27 November 2015. Retrieved
12 November 2016.
3. Sidney Rezende :: Livros (http://www.sidneyrezende.com/sec_livros_view.php?page=3&release=1) Archived
(https://web.archive.org/web/20070927135242/http://www.sidneyrezende.com/sec_livros_view.php?page=3&
release=1) 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine

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4. https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/23/obituaries/glauber-rocha-is-dead-at-42-innovative-brazilian-director.html
5. "6th Moscow International Film Festival (1969)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130116194825/http:
//www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1969). MIFF. Archived from the original
(http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1969) on 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2012-12-17.
6. Rocha, Gauber (31 January 1970). "Godard's latest scandal" (http://www.diagonalthoughts.com/?p=2020).
Retrieved January 17, 2017.

External links
Tempo Glauber (Portuguese, Spanish and English) (https://web.archive.org/web/20030215192320/http:
//www.tempoglauber.com.br/)
Senses of Cinema: Great Directors Critical Database (https://web.archive.org/web/20090304015003/http:
//archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/directors/05/rocha.html)
Glauber Rocha (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0733790/) on IMDb
Glauber Rocha theater (https://www.panoramio.com/photo/7081869)
Literary, Artistic and Political: The Films of Glauber Rocha (http://www.soundsandcolours.com/articles/brazil
/literary-artistic-and-political-the-films-of-glauber-rocha/)

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