UNIT 10: GEOMETRY

Name: _______________________________________________________________ 1º _______

METRIC SYSTEM OF MEASUREMENT

Units of Length

Kilometres Hectometres Dekametres Metres Decimetres Centimetres Millimetres

(km) (hm) (dam) (m) (dm) (cm) (mm)

Units of Area

Square Square Square Square Square Square Square

kilometres hectometres dekametres metres decimetres centimetres millimetres
(km2) (hm2) (dam2) (m2) (dm2) (cm2) (mm2)

Units of Liquid Volume

Kilolitres Hectolitres Dekalitres Litres Decilitres Centilitres Millilitres

(kL) (hL) (daL) (L) (dL) (cL) (mL)

Units of Volume

Cubic Cubic Cubic Cubic Cubic Cubic Cubic

kilometres hectometres dekametres meter decimeters centimetres millimetres
(km3) (hm3) (dam3) (m3) (dm3) (cm3) (mm3)

Units of Mass

kilogram hectogram dekagram gram (g) decigram centigram milligrams

(kg) (hg) (dag) (dg) (cg) (mg)

1 quintal (q)= 100 Kg; 1 ton (T)= 1000 Kg

Time

There are 24 hours in a day, 60 minutes in an hour, and 60 seconds in a minute.

1 DAY = 24 HOURS
1 HOUR = 60 MINUTES
1 MINUTE = 60 SECONDS

To convert a unit of volume into a unit of liquid volume of viceversa, you can use any of the following
equalities:
Exercise: Convert the measuring units as indicated:

a)520 mm = _______cm =__________dm k) 0.234 g = __________q = ___________T

b) 42 Kg = ________dag = __________mg l) 23 cm3= _________mL = ___________dL

c) 1290 Km = ________cm =________dm m) 0.005 m3= __________KL=_________hL

d) 3.58 DaL = _________ L =_________dm 3 n) 34dm3=__________L =___________ mL

e) 4590 mL = _________L =_________ dm3 o) 543 dm3 = ____________KL

f) 23.46 m2= _______dm2=_________cm2 p) 34 cm2 = _________m2=_________hm2

g)783 mm2=_______dm2=__________hm2 q) 1300 g =____________hg

h) 0.0345Km3=________hm3=_______dm3 r) 3.45 T = _____________dag

i) 43567.2 mm3=____________ m3 s) 3.56 dam = __________Km

j) 345 T =_________q = __________Kg t) 0.78 hm = ___________dam

ELEMENTS IN GEOMETRY

 Point: A point is an exact position or location on a plane surface. It is important to

understand that a point is not a thing, but a place. It is named with a capital letter: A, B, C,
D…..

 Line: A geometrical object that is straight, infinitely long and infinitely thin. It has not
beginning or end point. It is named with a small letter.

 A line segment: A straight line that has a beginning and an end point.

Ex: All the sides of a triangle are line segments.

 A ray: A straight line with a beginning but no end point.

Relative positions of two lines:

 Intersecting lines: two lines which have exactly one point in common:

 parallel lines: two lines which have zero points in common

 Coincident lines: Two lines which have all their points in common
  Angles: An angle is made up from two rays that have the same beginning point. That point is called
the vertex and the two rays are the sides of the angle.

Classification of angles according its measures:

Acute angle: Measures between 0 and Straight angle: Measures 180º

90 degrees.

Right angle: Measures 90º Concave angle: An angle that is > 180º

Obtuse angle: Measures between 90 Convex angle: An angle that is <180º

and 180º

 Relationship between angles:

o Two angles are complementary angles if they add up to 90º:

Ex:

o Two angles are supplementary angles if they add up to 180º:

Ex:
 Circumference:

A circumference is a closed and plane curve which points are at the same distance from a fixed
point called centre. It is the perimeter or a circle.

The elements in a circumference are:

 Centre
 Radius: The line segment between the centre and any point of the circumference.

 A diameter: A cord that cross the centre.

 A cord: A line segment that joins two points of the circumference.

 An arc: The curve line between two points of the circumference.

Exercise: Draw and indicate the elements in the following circumference:

 Circle: Portion of plane limited by the circumference.

A line in the plane: positions regarding a circumference.

 Exterior to the circumference.

 Tangent to the circumference.

 Secant to the circumference

AREAS, PERIMETERS. Exercises

1. The catheti of a rectangle triangle are 12 cm and 8 cm long. Calculate its area.

2. Find the perimeter and the area of the following parallelograms:

Review of volumes. Exercises:

1. Work out the volume of a storehouse which has the following measures: 10 metres long,
6 metres wide and 3 metres high.

2. Work out the volume of a cubic box which sides are 20,5 cm long. How many boxes like
them can be stored in the storehouse in exercise 9?
3. Determine the surface area and volume of the following shapes

4. Calculate the volume of the following regular pyramids. Round your answers to one
decimal place.

5. Determine the volume of the following shape:

Review plane geometry, elements of geometry

 Work out the following operations:

o 45º 56’ 57” + 123º 25” =
o 200º 39’ - 37º 45’ =

o ( 32º 25’ 12’’) · 12 =

 Convert the following measures to decimal form:

o 25º 53’ 45” (in decimal degrees) →
o 4º 23’ 20” (in decimal minutes) →

 Obtain the complement and the supplement of the angle  = 25,4º. Convert the result to DMS form.
(Obtén el ángulo complementario y suplementario del ángulo  = 25,4º. Expresa el resultado en la
forma compleja).

 Study the following draw and find the measures of the angles:
 Use the criteria for equality of two triangles to study whether these two triangles are equals. Give
reasons.

3,4 cm 34 mm
65 25

 Draw a circumference that passes through the three vertex of this triangle. What is the name of the
centre of the circumference?

 Classify the following figures into parallelograms, trapeziums and trapezoids. Write the complete
name of each figure.