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This document contains definitions for various words grouped by their unit number. Unit 1 defines words like ambitious, summit, and risky. Unit 2 defines words like shortage, desperately, and workshop. Unit 3 defines words like ordinary, fancy-dress, and costume. The document provides concise explanations of the meanings of multiple words from different subject areas.
This document contains definitions for various words grouped by their unit number. Unit 1 defines words like ambitious, summit, and risky. Unit 2 defines words like shortage, desperately, and workshop. Unit 3 defines words like ordinary, fancy-dress, and costume. The document provides concise explanations of the meanings of multiple words from different subject areas.
This document contains definitions for various words grouped by their unit number. Unit 1 defines words like ambitious, summit, and risky. Unit 2 defines words like shortage, desperately, and workshop. Unit 3 defines words like ordinary, fancy-dress, and costume. The document provides concise explanations of the meanings of multiple words from different subject areas.
summit 1 the top of a mountain risky 1 dangerous because something bad might happen glacier 1 a very large piece of ice that moves very slowly slip 1 to slide by accident and fall or almost fall awkwardly 1 moving in a way that is not natural, relaxed, or attractive knot 1 a place where one or more pieces of string, rope, etc. have bee stuck 1 unable to move, or set in a particular position, place, or way of thinking crevasse 1 a deep, wide crack, especially in ice assume 1 to think that something is likely to be true assistance 1 help thrilled 1 very excited and pleased extremely 1 very, or much more than usual climb 1 to use your legs and hands to go up or onto the top of someth crawl 1 to move on your hands and knees hop 1 to jump on one foot or to move about in this way wander 1 to walk around slowly in a relaxed way or without any clear pu stagger 1 to walk as if you might fall tiptoe 1 to walk quietly on your toes leap 1 to make a large jump or sudden movement, usually from one place to another swing 1 to move smoothly backwards and forwards, or to make somethi rush 1 to hurry or move quickly somewhere descend 1 to go or come down awkward 1 not relaxed or confident guilty 1 feeling guilt desperate 1 extremely worried or frightened and ready to do anything to ch ashamed 1 feeling guilty or embarrassed about something you have done puzzled 1 confused because you do not understand something stuck 1 not able to continue doing something because it is too difficul ultimate 1 better, greater or worse than all similar things parachuting 1 jumping from an aircraft using a parachute (large piece of cloth fixed to your body w trek 1 a long, difficult journey that you make by walking paraglider 1 someone who paraglides stranded 1 unable to leave a place remote 1 far away stunt 1 an exciting action that is dangerous and usually needs to be done by someone skill found 1 to bring an organisation into existence comprise 1 to have as parts or members, or to be those parts or members combination 1 the mixture you get when two or more things are combined fundamentals 1 the main principles, or most important parts of something navigate 1 to find the right direction to travel by using maps or other eq tracking 1 following a person or animal by looking for proof that they have been somewhere shelter 1 a place that protects you from bad weather or danger practical 1 relating to real situations or actions and not to thoughts or ide distinguish 1 to make one person or thing seem different from another Same here. 1 something that you say when something another person has said something or other 1 used when you do not want to be exact about the thing you are give me a shout 1 used to tell someone to contact you You know what? 1 said before giving an opinion or a piece of information Where were we? 1 used when you want to be reminded what you had been talking It's a deal. 1 used to say that you agree to an arrangement or a suggestion right? 1 used to check whether you are correct about something right away 1 immediately too right 1 said when you agree completely right up to 1 all the way all right 1 used at the beginning of a sentence to get someone's attenti right 1 used at the beginning of a sentence to get someone's attenti shortage 2 when there is not enough of something desperately 2 in a way that shows that you want or need something very mu workshop 2 a room or building where things are made or repaired using machines and/or tools renovate 2 to repair and decorate a building that is old and in bad conditi mayor 2 the person who is elected to be the leader of the group that go praise 2 to express admiration or approval about the achievements or ch courage 2 the ability to deal with a dangerous or difficult situation witho compassion 2 a feeling of sympathy for people who are suffering employee 2 someone who is paid to work for someone else employer 2 a person or organisation that employs people immigrant 2 a person who has come to a different country in order to live there permanently inhabitant 2 a person or animal that lives in a particular place politician 2 a member of a government or law-making organisation refugee 2 a person who has escaped from their own country for political, religious, or econom audience 2 the group of people together in one place to watch or listen to a play, film, someon motorist 2 a person who drives a car pedestrian 2 a person who is walking, especially in an area where vehicles go resident 2 a person who lives or has their home in a place crew 2 the people who work together on a ship, aircraft or train staff 2 the group of people who work for an organisation abroad 2 in or to a foreign country overall 2 in general rather than in particular risk 2 the possibility of something bad happening homesickness 2 a feeling of unhappiness cuased by being away from home invaluable 2 extremely useful put up with 2 to accept an unpleasant situation or experience bring about 2 to cause something to happen run into 2 to experience something unexpectedly turn out 2 to happen in a particular way or to have a particular result, e hang out with 2 to spend a lot of time with someone pick up 2 If you pick up a language, you learn it. go through 2 to experience something, esp. something unpleasant or difficult wear out 2 to make someone very tired formation 2 the development of something into a particular thing or shape severe 2 extremely bad urbanisation 2 the process by which more and more people leave the countryside to live in cities traditionally 2 according to tradition or in a traditional way migration 2 when people go to another place to live or find work gatherer 2 a member of a society that lives by hunting and collecting wild food, rather than by national border 2 a line that separates two countries remain 2 to continue to exist, especially after other things or people ha drought 2 a long period when there is no rain and people do not have e destination 2 the place where someone or something is going annual 2 happening once every year, or relating to a period of one year principally 2 mainly possession 2 something that you own or that you are carrying with you at a particular time diet 2 the type of food that someone usually eats ordinary 3 not special, different, or unusual in any way fancy-dress 3 special clothes that people wear for a party, which make them l doorstep 3 a step in front of the door of a building collection 3 a group of objects of one type that have been collected by one farewell 3 when someone says goodbye costume 3 a set of clothes worn in order to look like someone else, especia uniform 3 a special set of clothes that are worn by people who do a partic sword 3 a weapon with a long sharp metal blade and a handle, used espe shield 3 a large, flat object that police officers and soldiers hold in fro leather jacket 3 a short coat made of leather wig 3 a covering of hair that you wear on your head belt 3 a long, thin piece of leather, cloth, or plastic that you wear ar sunglasses 3 dark glasses that you wear to protect your eyes from the sun helmet 3 a hard hat that protects your head cape 3 a loose coat without any sleeves that is fastened at the neck mask 3 a covering for the face which protects, hides or decorates the apron 3 a piece of clothing that keeps your clothes clean when you coo football top 3 a shirt that you wear for playing football genius 3 someone who is extremely intelligent or extremely good at do provocative 3 causing an angry reaction, usually intentionally parenting 3 the things that you do during the time when you take care of y childhood 3 the time when someone is a child grow up 3 to gradually become an adult do well 3 to be successful in life strict 3 A strict person makes sure that children or people working for do your best 3 to make the greatest effort possible soft 3 not severe or forceful enough, especially in criticising or punishing someone bring up 3 to care for a child until it is an adult get ahead in life 3 to be successful in your life trendy 3 fashionable at the moment not know the first thing about 3 to not know anything at all about a subject whichever way you look at sth 3 any way in which you consider a situation I can tell you that for nothing. 3 used to emphasise a fact or opinion straightforward 3 easy to do or understand mess up 3 to spoil something or do something badly swear 3 to use language which people think is rude or offensive off your head 3 crazy tribe 4 a group of people who live together who share the same culture livestock 4 animals that are kept on a farm some degree of success 4 some success but not a lot of success in terms of 4 used to describe which particular area of a subject you are discussing on the basis that 4 because of an idea that something is true scarecrow 4 a model of a person that is put in a field to frighten birds and pose 4 to cause something, especially a problem or difficulty solar panel 4 a piece of equipment that changes light from the sun into elect charge 4 to put electricity into something bulb 4 a glass object which produces light from electricity flash 4 to shine suddenly for a short time scholarship 4 an amount of money given to a person by an organisation to pa conflict 4 serious disagreement between people with opposing opinions o bright 4 clever responsible 4 having control and authority over something or someone decisive 4 able to make decisions quickly and confidently, or showing this bad-tempered 4 describes a person who becomes angry and annoyed easily imaginative 4 good at thinking of new, original, and clever ideas organised 4 An organised person is able to plan things carefully and keep things tidy. cautious 4 taking care to avoid risks or danger dull 4 not interesting or exciting in any way; boring impatient 4 easily annoyed by someone's mistakes or because you have to practical 4 Someone who is practical is good at planning things, making se confident 4 certain about your ability to do things well arrogant 4 believing that you are better or more important than other pe journalism 4 the work of collecting, writing and publishing news stories an anxious 4 worried and nervous deny 4 to refuse to accept that something exists capable 4 able to do things effectively and achieve results brainstorm 4 to suggest a lot of ideas for a future activity very quickly before considering some o enthusiasm 4 a feeling of energetic interest in a particular subject or activit in secret 4 without telling other people in a row 4 one after another without a break on purpose 4 intentionally in a panic 4 in a way that is not calm and that shows you are worried or fr by accident 4 without being intended in a hurry 4 quickly in private 4 in a place where nobody else can hear you or see what you are in public 4 in a place where other people can hear you and see what you sb can't be serious 4 used to say that something someone has said is silly or extrem Give it a rest! 4 said when you want someone to stop talking about or doing so calm down 4 to stop feeling upset, angry, or excited, or to make someone st that's just it 4 said to show that a point is important again 4 said to ask someone to tell you something one more time out of order 4 If someone's behaviour is out of order, it is not acceptable. so far, so good 4 used to say that something has gone well until now not very good at 4 without skill in a subject or activity no good 4 said to show that something is not suitable or is not of a high q a good thing 4 If it's a good thing that something happened or is true, it is luc for good 4 forever all good 4 If you say that a situation is all good, you mean that you are hap limited 5 kept within a particular size, range, time, etc. potential 5 possible when the necessary conditions exist excessive 5 more than is necessary or wanted peer pressure 5 the influence of people who are of a similar age or in a similar disadvantaged 5 in a situation in which you are less likely to succeed than others irritable 5 becoming annoyed very easily expose 5 to remove what is covering something so that it can be seen awash 5 having an amount of something that is very large artificial 5 not natural, but made by people unreachable 5 not able to be contacted USB port 5 a part of a computer that devices such as printers or digital c headset 5 a piece of equipment that you wear over your ears so that you webcam 5 a camera that records moving pictures and sounds and allows plug 5 a plastic or rubber object with metal pins, used to connect elec adaptor 5 a device that enables you to use your own electrical equipment power lead 5 a wire that carries electricity from a supply to a piece of equi protective case 5 a case that is designed to protect something charger 5 a device that is used to recharge a battery at symbol 5 the symbol '@', often used in email addresses wireless router 5 a device that enables you to use the Internet without being co upgrade 5 to improve something so that it is of a higher quality or is a n zip a file 5 to reduce the size of a computer file so that it is easier to send save (a document) 5 to make sure that a computer keeps information that you have browse the Internet 5 to look at information on the Internet plug sth in 5 to connect a piece of electrical equipment to an electricity sup sync devices 5 to connect two electronic devices so that they both have the lat post an update 5 to write something on a social media website stream a video 5 to watch a video directly from the Internet extract files 5 to get files that are in a compressed form such as a zip file connect sth to wifi 5 to enable a device to use the Internet using a wifi system launch 5 to begin an important plan or activity proficient 5 very good at something motivate 5 to make someone enthusiastic about doing something emigrate 5 to leave your own country to live in a different one outcome 5 the final result of an activity or process tutorial 5 a class or short programme of study that teaches you how to acquire 5 to get something reunite 5 to bring people together who have been apart for a long time, follow-up 5 something that is done to continue or complete something tha initiative 5 a plan or activity that is done to solve a problem or improve a decade 5 a period of ten years, especially a period such as 1860 to 1869 evolution 5 a gradual process of change and development influence 5 to affect or change how someone or something develops, beha reflect 5 If a surface such as a mirror or water reflects something, you ca surface 5 the top or outside part of something automatically 5 If a machine does something automatically, it does it indepen roughly 5 approximately lens 5 a curved piece of glass in cameras, glasses, and scientific equi transparent 5 If a substance or object is transparent, you can see through it v spooky 5 strange and frightening forerunner 5 an earlier, less developed example reel 5 an object shaped like a wheel that you can put film, thread, et startle 5 to suddenly surprise or frighten someone flourish 5 to grow or develop well shutter 5 the part at the front of a camera which opens quickly to let in dreaded 6 causing a strong feeling of fear or worry groan 6 a long, low sound such as one expressing pain, unhappiness, et take sth in your stride 6 to deal with a problem or difficulty calmly and not to allow it to influence what you recommend 6 to say that someone or something is good or suitable for a par introduce 6 to tell someone another person's name the first time that the announce 6 to tell people about something officially or with force or confi confess 6 to admit that you have done something wrong or something tha enquire 6 to ask someone for information about something complain 6 to say that something is wrong or that you are annoyed about fall in love 6 to start to love someone split up 6 If two people who have a romantic relationship split up, they fin get married 6 to begin a legal relationship with someone as their husband or get engaged 6 to formally agree to marry ask sb out 6 to invite someone to come with you to a place, especially as a way of starting a rom go out 6 If two people go out together, they have a romantic relationshi go on a date 6 to have a romantic meeting with someone, for instance going to start a family 6 to have your first child get over 6 to stop feeling sad when you think about someone you used to craze 6 something that is very popular for a short time sweep 6 to quickly spread through and influence an area despite 6 used to say that something happened or is true, although som awareness 6 when you know about something sufferer 6 someone who suffers from an illness or other health problem nominate 6 to officially suggest a person for a job or a position in an organ viral 6 used to describe something that quickly becomes very popular or well known by be participant 6 someone who is involved in an activity human resource 6 something that people need in order to live nevertheless 6 despite that draughtsman 6 someone who draws detailed drawings as plans for something whiff 6 a smell which you only smell for a short time scandal 6 something that shocks people because they think it is morally quits 6 in a situation in which people are equal and do not feel they chatter 6 to talk for a long time about things that are not important tear 6 to move very quickly fib 6 a small lie that is not very important make it 6 to be able to go to an event attitude 7 how you think or feel about something, and how this makes y pessimistic 7 always believing that bad things are likely to happen pessimist 7 someone who always believes that bad things will happen armed 7 using or carrying weapons at gunpoint 7 with someone pointing a gun towards you conscious 7 awake and able to notice things operating room 7 a room in a hospital where doctors do operations paramedic 7 a person who is trained to do medical work, especially in an emergency, but who is allergic 7 If you are allergic to something, your body reacts badly to it if yo be about to 7 to be going to do something very soon off to 7 If you are off to a place, you are going there or going to go the be on the point of sth 7 to be going to do something very soon cheer (sb) up 7 to make someone feel happier rainbow 7 a half circle of seven colours that you see in the sky when rain i optimist 7 someone who always believes that good things will happen inspirational 7 making you feel full of hope or encouraged quote 7 a sentence or phrase that is taken from speech or writing gloomy 7 sad or without hope incapable 7 unable to do something on the contrary 7 used to introduce a fact or opinion that is the opposite of som capacity 7 the ability to do, experience, or understand something apprehensive 7 feeling anxious about something that you are going to do unsure 7 not certain or having doubts look forward to 7 to feel pleasure because an event or activity is going to happen positive 7 feeling enthusiastic and happy about something good feeling 7 If you have a good feeling about something, you think it will be dread 7 to feel worried or frightened about something that has not ha not know where to start 7 to have no idea how to begin doing something worried 7 anxious because you are thinking about problems or unpleasan worked up 7 very nervous, angry, or excited bad feeling 7 If you have a bad feeling about something, you think it will be anyway 7 used when you are returning to an earlier subject or changing Fair enough. 7 used for saying that you can understand and accept someone's for a start 7 used when you are giving the first in a list of reasons or things get your hopes up 7 to start to feel that something could be successful or happen i go for it 7 to try very hard to get something or achieve something make a fool of yourself 7 to do something that makes other people think you are silly or not to be respected so far 7 until now I told you so. 7 used to say that you were right and that someone should have or so 7 approximately I guess so. 7 used when you believe something is true or likely but are not certain so 7 used to get someone's attention when you are going to ask the I'm afraid so 7 used to say that something unpleasant is true face mask 8 a covering that goes over your mouth in order to prevent dise procedure 8 the official or usual way of doing something infection 8 a disease in a part of your body that is caused by bacteria or a manifesto 8 a document that states what a person or organisation intends surgeon 8 a doctor who is specially trained to perform medical operation specific 8 used to refer to a particular thing and not something general rubber gloves 8 gloves made from rubber (a strong material that bends easily) skyscraper 8 a very tall building calculation 8 when you use mathematics to discover an amount or number statement 8 something that someone says or writes officially relevant 8 related or useful to what is happening or being talked about run through 8 to look at, examine, think of, or deal with a set of things, esp. quickly point out 8 to tell someone a fact, often in order to support your opinion look into 8 to examine the facts about a problem or situation work out 8 to understand something come down with 8 to start to suffer from an illness, especially one that is not serious come up with 8 to think of something such as an idea, a plan, or an example turn out 8 to happen in a particular way or to have a particular result carry out 8 to do or complete something apparently 8 used to say that something seems to be true, although it is not view 8 to watch something archive 8 a collection of historical records relating to a place, organisatio suppose 8 to imagine a situation provided 8 if, or only if as long as 8 used to say that something must happen before something el otherwise 8 used after an order or suggestion to show what the result will unless 8 except if poll 8 an occasion when people are asked for their opinion about so civilisation 8 human society with its well developed social organisations, or t observatory 8 a building that is used by scientists to look at stars and planets concrete 8 a very hard building material made by mixing together cement, measure 8 to be a certain size structure 8 a building or something that has been built sacred 8 relating to a religion or considered to be holy monastery 8 a building where men live as a religious group heritage 8 the buildings, paintings, customs, etc. which are important in a marble 8 hard, smooth stone which is often used for decoration icon 8 a person or thing that is famous because it represents a particul hostile 8 unfriendly and not liking or agreeing with something succession 8 a number of similar events or people that happen, exist, etc. a abandon 8 to leave a place flourish 8 to grow or develop well carve 8 to make something by cutting into especially wood or stone, or to cut into the surfa bury 8 to put a dead body into the ground spectacle 8 an event that is exciting or unusual to watch instantly 9 immediately overdramatise 9 to make something seem more exciting or bad than it really is put sth into perspective 9 to think about things as they really are and not think that the sleep on sth 9 to delay making a decision about something important until the next day so that yo simplistically 9 in a way that makes something complicated seem simple by ignoring important par snap 9 to say something suddenly in an angry way unreasonable 9 not fair or acceptable overreact 9 to react in an extreme, especially an angry or frightened, way perfection 9 when someone or something is perfect similarly 9 in a similar way not go your way 9 if a situation or event doesn't go your way, it doesn't happen i blame 9 to say or think that someone or something is responsible for let sb down 9 to disappoint someone try your hardest 9 to use as much effort as you can to try to achieve something get in the way of sth 9 to stop something from happening work out well/badly 9 to have a good/bad result live up to your expectations 9 If something or someone lives up to your expectations, they ar dwell on sth 9 to keep thinking or talking about something, especially something bad or unpleasa work experience 9 a period of time in which someone temporarily works for an e school leaver 9 a young person who is about to leave or has just left secondar careers advisor 9 someone whose job is to give advice to people about jobs they higher education 9 education at a college or university degree 9 a qualification given for completing a university course graduate 9 a person who has a first degree from a university or college life experience 9 knowledge that you get from doing and seeing things in your li degree course 9 a university or college course that leads to a qualification call lie in 9 when you stay in bed in the morning longer than usual storm 9 to enter or leave a place in a way that shows that you are angry misguided 9 not likely to succeed because of a bad judgement or understand butler 9 a man who opens the door, serves dinner, etc. in a large house dignity 9 calm and serious behaviour that makes people respect you youth 9 the time when someone is young pleasure-seeker 9 someone who wants to have an enjoyable time vouch for sth 9 to say or show that something is true aspiration 9 something that you hope to achieve contentment 9 the feeling of being happy or satisfied co-founder 10 someone who starts an organisation together with someone el originally 10 at the beginning or before any changes impact 10 the effect that a person, event or situation has on someone o accurate 10 correct, exact and without any mistakes stand up to sth 10 to defend yourself against a powerful person or organisation when they treat you u bullying 10 to hurt or frighten someone who is smaller or less powerful than you sexism 10 when someone is treated unfairly because they are a woman o racism 10 the unfair treatment of people because they belong to a partic let someone know 10 to tell someone something pass on the message 10 to tell someone something that someone else has asked you to get in touch 10 to contact someone keep in touch 10 to communicate or continue to communicate with someone, fo break the news 10 to tell someone about something bad that has happened retweet 10 to publish a short remark or piece of information that you hav drop sb a line 10 to write a letter to someone give sb a call 10 to contact someone by phone bias 10 when you support or oppose someone or something in an unfai prejudice 10 an unfair and unreasonable opinion or feeling, especially wh controversial 10 causing disagreement or discussion newsworthy 10 interesting or important enough to be included in the news snooker 10 a game in which two people use long sticks to hit coloured balls foolish 10 stupid and not wise hacking 10 the activity of illegally using a computer to access information stored on another co editor 10 a person who is in charge of a newspaper or magazine invade 10 to spoil a situation or quality for another person without think privacy 10 the right to be alone and do things without other people seein victim 10 someone that has been hurt or killed or has suffered because of the actions of som distress 10 the feeling of being extremely upset or worried paparazzi 10 photographers whose job is to follow famous people and take admit 10 to agree that something is true, especially unwillingly apologise 10 to tell someone that you are sorry about something you have regret 10 to feel sorry about a situation, especially something that you warn 10 to make someone realise a possible danger or problem, especia accuse 10 to say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind deny 10 to say that something is not true criticise 10 to express disapproval of someone or something agree 10 to say you will do something that someone asks you to order 10 to give someone an instruction that they must obey at least 10 as the minimum don't bother 10 used to tell someone that they do not need to do something on earth 10 used to ask a question in an emphatic way, especially if you ar or something 10 used to show that what you have just said is only an example or none of your business 10 used to tell someone that they do not need to know about som in any case 10 used to give another reason for something you are saying, or the way 10 how you do something the same way 10 If people think the same way, they have similar opinions. in sb's way 10 If you are in someone's way, you are preventing them from mo on your way 10 If you are on your way to a place, you are going there. one way or another 10 in some way that is not stated way too 10 much too significant 11 important or noticeable abduct 11 to force someone to go somewhere with you, often using threats or violence galaxy 11 one of the independent groups of stars in the universe weapon 11 any object used in fighting or war, such as a gun, bomb, knife, etc. resource 11 a useful or valuable possession or quality of a country, organisation, or person assert 11 to say that something is certainly true signal 11 an action, movement, or sound that gives information, a message, a warning, or an rocket 11 a large cylinder-shaped object that moves very fast by forcing out burning gases, us pretend 11 to behave as if something is true when it is not out of this world 11 extremely good not rocket science 11 If you say that something is not rocket science, you mean that i once in a blue moon 11 not very often starry-eyed 11 If a person is starry-eyed, they have a lot of thoughts and opin over the moon 11 very pleased down to earth 11 Down-to-earth people or ideas are practical and work well. lunar eclipse 11 a situation where the shadow of the earth makes the moon da oxygen 11 a gas that is in the air and that animals need to live odds 11 the probability that a particular thing will or will not happen destruction 11 when something is destroyed mankind 11 all people, considered as a group greed 11 when you want a lot more food, money, etc., than you need interrupt 11 to stop an action or activity, usually for a short period of time exception 11 someone or something that is not included in a rule, group or invade 11 to enter a place in large numbers, usually when unwanted and in order to take pos reminder 11 something that makes you remember something else thrilling 11 very exciting sentimental 11 too strongly influenced by emotional feelings stunning 11 very beautiful or impressive delightful 11 very pleasant, attractive, or enjoyable far-fetched 11 very unlikely to be true, and difficult to believe action-packed 11 full of exciting events memorable 11 If an occasion is memorable, you will remember it for a long ti breathtaking 11 very beautiful or surprising profit 11 money that you get from selling goods or services for more tha embark on sth 11 to start something new or important portray 11 If a book or film portrays someone or something, it describes bonus 11 another pleasant thing in addition to something you were expe squeeze 11 to press something firmly in order to change its shape, reduce its size, or remove liq reputation 11 the opinion that people have about someone or something base quest 11 an attempt to get something or do something difficult drift 11 to move slowly, especially as a result of outside forces, with no control over directio beyond 11 past a place column 11 a piece of writing in a newspaper or magazine, usually on a particular subject, that commonly 11 often or usually hygiene 11 the process of keeping things clean, especially to prevent dise pose 11 to cause something, especially a problem or difficulty wreck 11 a vehicle or ship that has been destroyed or badly damaged hold 12 to contain or be able to contain something reveal 12 to make known or show something that is surprising or that was previously secret inhospitable 12 describes an area that is not suitable for humans to live in determine 12 to discover the facts or truth about something immense 12 extremely big advance 12 an improvement or development in something conduct 12 to organise and perform a particular activity harsh 12 very cold, dangerous, or unpleasant and difficult to live in vast 12 extremely big biodiversity 12 the number and types of plants and animals that exist in a parti species 12 a group of plants or animals which share similar characteristics mammal 12 any animal of which the female feeds her young on milk from her own body unsuitable 12 not acceptable or right for someone or something drill 12 to make a hole in something using a special tool tragic 12 very sad, often involving death and suffering reef 12 a line of rocks or sand just above or just below the surface of bay 12 an area of coast where the land curves in dune 12 a hill of sand in the desert or on the coast canyon 12 a large valley with very steep sides and usually a river flowing waterfall 12 water, especially from a river or stream, dropping from a highe mountain range 12 a line of mountains volcano 12 a mountain with a large hole at the top which sometimes exp glacier 12 a very large piece of ice that moves very slowly ancestry 12 the origin of your family origins 12 the cause of something, or where something begins or comes monumental 12 very big territory 12 an area of land establish 12 to start something such as communication or a relationship timid 12 shy and easily frightened disturb 12 to cause someone to be worried or upset wound 12 to damage an area of the body, especially by making a cut or hole in the skin arrow 12 a weapon that is like a long thin stick with a sharp point at on protection 12 the act of protecting or state of being protected motto 12 a short sentence or phrase that expresses a belief or purpose make friends 12 to begin to know and like someone make a deal 12 to agree to an arrangement, especially in business give advice 12 to make suggestions about what you think someone should do make a journey 12 to travel somewhere make a speech 12 to give a formal talk, usually to a group of people play a part 12 to help to achieve something make progress 12 to develop or improve something or to get nearer to completing make a wish 12 to think or say something you want to do or want to happen make an effort 12 to try very hard to do something or achieve something make a decision 12 to decide something do research 12 to study a subject in detail in order to find out new informatio make money 12 to earn money take revenge 12 to do something to punish someone who has done something play the fool 12 to behave in a deliberately silly way to make people laugh give an example 12 to mention something that is typical of something you are talk play a joke 12 to do something to trick someone in order to make people lau make a complaint 12 to say that something is wrong or that you are annoyed about take advantage of 12 to use the good things in a situation make amends 12 to do something good to show that you are sorry about somet make fun of sb 12 to say something to make someone seem foolish dawn 12 the early morning when light first appears in the sky clumsily 12 awkwardly in movement or manner aware 12 knowing that something exists motionless 12 without moving intently 12 in a way that shows great attention to something gaze 12 to look at something or someone for a long time break out 12 to start suddenly in a way that is very noticeable anchor 12 a heavy metal object on a strong rope or chain, that is dropped from a boat into th PoS adjective noun adjective noun verb adverb noun adjective noun verb noun adjective adverb verb verb verb verb verb verb verb verb verb verb adjective adjective adjective adjective adjective adjective adjective noun noun noun adjective adjective noun verb verb noun plural noun verb noun noun adjective verb phrase phrase phrase phrase 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B2 After reaching the summit, Joe and Simon decided to go back down via the North Ridge. C1 Joe and Simon decided to go back down via the North Ridge, an extremely risky but faster route. B2 They needed to descend quickly to the glacier, about 1,000 metres below. Joe slipped and landed awkwardly, breaking his leg. Joe slipped and landed awkwardly, breaking his leg. B2 Suddenly, the knot got stuck between two rocks and Joe was left hanging from a cliff. C2 Suddenly, the knot got stuck between two rocks and Joe was left hanging from a cliff. Joe was left hanging from a cliff in mid-air over a huge crevasse. Simon said he saw nothing and assumed Joe was dead. B2 He even managed to cross a glacier with no safety equipment or rope assistance whatsoever. B2 The others were thrilled and amazed to see him especially because they had been preparing to leave. B2 Joe and Simon decided to go back down via the North Ridge, an extremely risky but faster route. B1 Joe and Simon managed to climb the West Face of Siula Grande. B2 Despite his extreme injuries, he had managed to crawl out of the crevasse. B2 For the next three and a half days, he continued to descend the mountain, hopping on one leg. C1 We spent the morning wandering around the old part of the city. B2 He staggered drunkenly towards the door. C2 I tiptoed into the room where the child was sleeping. She had to leap across the crevasse. C2 The climber was left swinging on the end of a rope above the crevasse. B2 She rushed to get help for her friend. B2 He continued to descend the mountain. B2 When I'm with Mrs Meyer I always feel awkward. B2 It was my best friend’s birthday last Monday and I forgot to give her a present. I’m feeling guilty. B2 I have a test tomorrow and I haven’t studied enough. I’m desperate. B2 Karen ought to be ashamed of herself - talking to her mother like that! B1 We’re a bit puzzled because we haven't heard from her in weeks. B2 Without your help we'd be stuck and wouldn't know what to do. C1 Bear Grylls is the ultimate survivor. B2 When he was 20, he broke his back three times in a parachuting accident. B2 Shortly afterwards, he led the first unassisted trek across the frozen North Atlantic. C1 In 2007, he set another world record by flying over Mount Everest in a powered paraglider. In the show, he was stranded in remote locations to demonstrate survival techniques. C2 In the show, he was stranded in remote locations to demonstrate survival techniques. B2 Millions of breathless viewers witnessed him doing amazing ice climbing stunts. Rather recently, Bear Grylls founded Young Survivors, training courses for teenagers. B2 It's a training course comprising a combination of survival skills and adventure tasks. C1 It's a training course comprising a combination of survival skills and adventure tasks. B2 It includes adventure tasks designed to teach the fundamentals of outdoor survival and self-rescue. C2 Techniques taught include learning how to navigate at both day and night. Techniques taught include learning tracking and hunting and tying knots. C2 Techniques taught include learning how to build a shelter. These character building and practical situations help define and distinguish people as an adult. C1 These character building and practical situations help define and distinguish people as an adult. B2 Same here. And all of these projects for school. Always on your phone doing something or other. Give me a shout over the weekend when you have time. You know what? We’re telling Justin off for being on his phone too much, but we’re all just as bad. Right. Where were we? OK, it's a deal. You know my friends Emma, Justin and Liam, right? Whenever someone texts me I've just got to reply right away. Too right. So many things to do. No phones, right up to Monday morning, starting now. All right. We have a winner! Right. Where were we? A shortage of jobs meant that many of the inhabitants left the village to find work in other places. B2 Riace desperately needed more inhabitants and there were plenty of people in the world looking for B2 Lucano created workshops for them to work in. C1 The men renovate empty houses to rent to tourists. C1 Lucano, who became mayor of Riace in 2004, has managed to create jobs and to stop the villagers mo B2 Lucano was praised for his courage and compassion. B2 Lucano was praised for his courage and compassion. B2 Lucano was praised for his courage and compassion. Città Futura also has 13 local employees B1 The factory is one of the biggest employers in the city. B1 About a hundred immigrants live in Riace now. B2 A shortage of jobs meant that many of the inhabitants, especially young people, left the village to find B2 Many politicians have visited Riace hoping that they can use Lucano’s ideas in their own towns and citiB1 They were refugees who had arrived by boat to escape problems in their countries. B2 At the end of the play, the audience stood up and cheered. B1 Motorists are not allowed to drive down this street. B2 You can't drive down this street - it's for pedestrians only. B1 There is a 50% discount for city residents. B2 The flight crew boarded the plane first. B1 Our school has a staff of 30 teachers. A2 Five not-so-good things about living abroad. B1 Overall it’s turning out to be a great experience. B2 Going abroad is always a risk. B2 Homesickness makes you miss all kinds of things (and people) from back home. The experience gained by living abroad is invaluable. C1 It’s not nice to hear, but you have to put up with it. B2 Living abroad can bring about some challenges and difficulties. Sure there are problems but you can run into problems wherever you are. B2 Overall it’s turning out to be a great experience. B2 That special food, that TV programme, the friends who you used to hang out with. B1 There’s new vocabulary which you have to pick up. B2 Well, it’s a phase you have to go through. B2 Speaking French all day wears me out. B2 Due to the formation of new countries and stricter borders, nomadic life became more difficult in the C2 Due to severe droughts and urbanisation, nomadic life became more difficult in the 20th century. B2 Due to severe droughts and urbanisation, nomadic life became more difficult in the 20th century. Traditionally, the women and children travelled on camels, and the men rode horses or walked. B2 Many of the Shahsavan believe that their grandchildren will not do the annual migration any more. C1 The Aborigines are hunters and gatherers, almost always on the move. B2 However, being nomadic people, they regularly cross national borders. Some traditional beliefs remain from before the arrival of Islam. B2 Due to severe droughts and urbanisation, nomadic life became more difficult in the 20th century. C2 When they arrive at their destination, everyone is involved in setting up the main camp. B1 Their grandchildren will not do the annual migration any more. B1 Principally it is the women who gather food and care for children. They have very few possessions, and the ones they have are mostly light. B2 They need to keep moving in search of food and to maintain a balanced diet. B2 Ok, so that doesn’t sound too bad, but this was no ordinary goodbye. B1 Each day Rain’s dad said goodbye to the bus wearing a different fancy-dress costume! Rain’s mum and dad sent him off to school with a big wave from the doorstep. He got loads of costumes from the family fancy-dress collection. B1 For the final farewell on the last day of school, Dale dressed up as a pirate. Each day Rain’s dad said goodbye to the bus wearing a different fancy-dress costume! B2 Can you list five jobs in which people wear uniforms? A2 One day he was a king waving his sword and shield, the next a chef in his hat and apron. B2 One day he was a king waving his sword and shield, the next a chef in his hat and apron. C2 Elvis wore a leather jacket. Is that his real hair or a wig? Cowboys kept their gun on their belt. A2 Dark sunglasses covered my eyes. A2 There was his dad waving him off, dressed as an American football player, complete with ball and helmB2 Many superheroes wear capes over their costumes. I didn't have a mask to cover my face. B2 One day he was a king waving his sword and shield, the next a chef in his hat and apron. Rain's dad was wearing a football top and a helmet. They wonder what Chinese parents do to produce so many mathematical and musical geniuses. C1 Funny, entertaining and provocative, this is an important book that will change your ideas of parenting forever. Funny, entertaining and provocative, this is an important book that will change your ideas of parenting forever. What is she trying to do? Take away their childhoods? B1 How can any child in the 21st Century grow up without playing on a computer? A2 There are loads of children who spend hours in front of the TV and still do well. B1 This is an interesting book but Amy Chua’s parenting ideas are too strict for me. B2 They are just trying to do their best for me. Too many parents are soft on their children these days. B1 Yes, she was hard on her children at times but she did bring up two amazing children. B1 She was only doing the best for her children and trying to help them get ahead in life. He's very trendy - he knows which sneakers are fashionable. He doesn't know the first thing about anything else. Neither of them was doing all right, whichever way you looked at it. I can tell you that for nothing. He had always looked on being a mother as straightforward and simple. B2 You could mess it up by doing something really obvious. B2 There were loads of kids at school who stole and swore too much. B2 He could decide that, actually, she was off her head. Richard Turere is a member of the Masai tribe in Africa. B2 The Masai are used to lions attacking their livestock, but of course they aren’t happy about it. This had some degree of success in terms of protecting their cattle. C2 This had some degree of success in terms of protecting their cattle. B2 His first idea was to use fire, on the basis that lions were probably scared of fire. C1 His next idea was to use a scarecrow. They realised it posed no danger. C1 So he got a battery and a solar panel to charge it. B2 So he got a battery and a solar panel to charge it. B2 He connected everything up to some light bulbs which he then put outside the cowshed. B2 During the night, the bulbs flashed throughout the night. B2 Richard’s creativity led to him winning a scholarship at one of the top schools in Kenya. C1 But it has also given him the pleasure of seeing people and cattle and lions living together without the B2 c Richard is a bright young man. B2 In the Masai tribe the young boys are responsible for protecting their fathers’ cattle. B2 In difficult situations, you need a decisive leader. B2 Brian gets angry all the time and he complains a lot. He’s pretty bad-tempered. B2 It’s important to be imaginative. C1 Susie is in charge of planning the trip because she's very organised. B2 I'm not very good at skiing because I'm too cautious. B2 The conversation at dinner was very dull. B1 Do you often get impatient in this kind of situation? B2 Being imaginative is better than being practical. B2 I'm not confident enough to travel on my own. B2 These arrogant politicians think they know what's best for the rest of us. B2 I’m going to do journalism because I want to work in TV. B2 I’m really anxious because I’m just not a creative person! B1 Denying your creativity is terrible – it’s like saying you’re not a real person. B2 I’m no expert but I do want you to see that you are capable of thinking creatively. B2 Try to brainstorm ideas in an enjoyable way – then choose the best ideas later. Work hard, don’t hold yourself back, do everything with enthusiasm and you’ll be fine. B2 She worked on her novel in secret. B2 He's been late for work four times in a row. B2 I think she destroyed the documents on purpose. B1 They rushed around in a panic, trying to contact everyone. I deleted the wrong file by accident. B1 It's obvious that they did this work in a hurry. I'd like to speak with you in private. B2 I don't think she would express those views in public. B2 Five hundred words!? She can’t be serious! Give it a rest, Justin! OK, calm down. B2 No, no, that’s just it – it has to be original. What’s the ending again? Well, you were a bit out of order, Justin. OK, that’s five words. So far, so good. I may not be very good at creative writing but I can think of a few words for you right now! No , that’s no good. That’s just that film I saw with Nicole . B2 It’s a good thing I’m such a reliable person. I think you may have lost the keys for good this time. C1 To be honest, I never really liked that dress anyway, so it’s all good. Most experts are in agreement that it should be limited. B2 Clearly children can't see the potential harm that an excessive amount of time spend in front of a scre B2 Clearly children can't see the potential harm that an excessive amount of time spend in front of a scre C1 Peer pressure means that they feel unfairly disadvantaged. C2 Peer pressure means that they feel unfairly disadvantaged. C1 Children become more and more irritable after being exposed to so much screen time. C2 Children become more and more irritable after being exposed to so much screen time. B2 Most modern cities are awash with colour from artificial lighting. Most modern cities are awash with colour from artificial lighting. B2 We have lost the ability to be unreachable and to truly switch off. You can recharge the lights using a USB port. You need a special headset to play these games. Most computers have a built-in webcam nowadays. B1 You can’t use a European plug here. B1 You need an adaptor when you travel. Plug the power lead into the back of the computer. The lamp comes in its own protective case. You need to get a charger. Where is the at symbol on this keyboard? We get our wi-fi via a wireless router. I'll be able to upgrade my phone next month. B2 Could you zip the file before you send it, please? To save the file, click on ‘file’ again. A2 She spends a lot of time browsing the Internet. B2 I couldn't plug in my laptop. B2 Which devices do you sync? How often do you post updates on social media? B1 What was the last TV programme you streamed? I extracted all the files, and they are now in the folder called 'figures'. B2 It's not connected to the wifi. A new documentary called Cyber Seniors recently launched in New York and Los Angeles. B2 Their grandparents could use the Internet at a basic level but wanted to become more proficient. The two students were so motivated by that success that they got several of their friends to join them.B2 Some of them wanted to stay in touch with family who had emigrated to countries as far away as Australia. The outcomes of the project were amazing. C1 89-year-old Shura, together with a friend, managed to create a YouTube cooking tutorial. He even managed to use his newly acquired skills to reunite with his daughter who he had lost touch wB2 He even managed to use his newly acquired skills to reunite with his daughter who he had lost touch wC1 A number of follow-up projects have been launched. B2 This is all thanks to a wonderful initiative by two teenage girls. C1 He was able to reconnect with people he hadn't seen in decades. B2 The evolution of film has been influenced by the development of science. B2 The evolution of film has been influenced by the development of science. B2 He used hand-drawn pictures painted on a reflecting surface. C1 He used hand-drawn pictures painted on a reflecting surface. B2 Thomas Edison and William Dickenson invented a camera that automatically took a picture of a movingB2 They started producing short films that were all roughly 50 seconds long. B2 He used a simple lens to project images onto a wall. C2 His audience sat on one side of a transparent screen while he sat on the other. B1 He scared his audience with witches, ghosts and other spooky creatures. His plays were the forerunner of modern horror films. The late 19th century saw the development of reel film. The audience were so startled they started to scream. The film industry began to flourish. C2 He created these images by using a shutter to create fading effects and changing the focus. Finally the dreaded announcement came: ‘We are sorry to announce that this train is delayed.’ C2 There was a loud groan throughout the carriage. C2 They were having an amazing time and were taking the delay in their stride. I recommended some places they should visit. B2 I was at school when the teacher introduced him as the new student. B1 We are sorry to announce that this train is delayed. B1 He confessed that he had stolen the money. B2 I'm enquiring about dentists in the area. B2 At first, everyone just complained about the trains. B1 They met at college and fell in love. B1 Dave's split up with his girlfriend. B1 They got married in New York. A2 They got engaged last year. B1 He asked Sophie out in an email. Olivia's going out with my brother. B1 I went on several dates with him. B1 We can't afford to start a family. It took me a long time to get over Ellen. B2 In the summer of 2014, a weird and wonderful craze swept across the world. In the Summer of 2014 a weird and wonderful craze swept across the world. C2 Despite the popularity of the challenge, not many people knew where it had come from. B2 Frates wanted to do something to raise both money and awareness to help sufferers of ALS. C1 Frates wanted to do something to raise both money and awareness to help sufferers of ALS. C2 Then it was their turn to nominate two more people and challenge them. C1 Soon it had gone viral with plenty of celebrities worldwide joining in. Only 10% of the participants had actually given any money to charity. C1 Water is a valuable human resource that is in short supply. Nevertheless, for a few hot months of summer the Ice Bucket challenge brought millions of people from B2 Vic Brown is a young draughtsman at an engineering works. I hold the door open for her and get a gorgeous whiff of her scent as she goes by. She’s as full of scandal as the Sunday papers. B2 I get both fares into town and she says, ‘That makes us quits,’ and smiles. She picks up where she left off and starts chattering again. The bus is tearing down the road into town. This is another fib, but I don’t care. I’m going to a party. Can you make it Wednesday? C1 Guys, we all need to work on our attitudes. B1 So many of my friends are often pessimistic. B2 If you’re a pessimist maybe this story will change your attitude a bit. An armed robber came in, held him up at gunpoint and made Jim open the safe. B2 An armed robber came in, held him up at gunpoint and made Jim open the safe. Jim was still conscious when the ambulance arrived, and he was rushed to hospital. C1 Jim was in the operating room, surrounded by doctors and nurses. He’d felt fine because the paramedics kept telling him: ‘Don't worry'. One question was: ‘Are you allergic to anything? He’s about to attack me. B1 I’m off to Spain on Tuesday. I’m on the point of doing this right now. B2 Do you think quotations can cheer you up when you’re down? B2 We could see a rainbow. B2 I wasn’t exactly born an optimist myself. C1 I discovered the power of inspirational quotes. B2 I discovered the power of inspirational quotes. C2 You shouldn't just sit around complaining that everything's gloomy. C2 I keep telling myself that I am incapable of doing things. C1 On the contrary, if I have the belief that I can do it, I shall have the capacity to do it. B2 On the contrary, if I have the belief that I can do it, I shall have the capacity to do it. B2 It’s a big game and I’m feeling quite apprehensive. I’m excited but I’m also a bit unsure about our chances. B2 I’m really looking forward to it and I feel quite positive about it. B1 I’m really looking forward to it and I feel quite positive about it. B2 I’ve got a really good feeling about this. I’m absolutely dreading it and I’m sure I’m going to fail. C2 I haven’t done any revision and I just don’t know where to start. It’s a nightmare – I’m really worried about it. A2 I don’t know why I’m getting so worked up. I’ve just got a bad feeling about it this time. C1 Anyway, there’s a photo competition at school that I’m thinking of entering. B1 Fair enough. But if you do agree with us, then you’ve got to stop him! B2 They were out of focus for a start! C1 I don’t want him to get his hopes up. That’s great. Go for it. We can’t let him make a fool of himself. B2 It’s the best one you’ve shown me so far. B1 Ha, I told you so! C2 And I’ve only been doing it for two months or so. B1 Yes. Yes, I guess so. B2 So, guess who won the competition - me. A2 Yes, I'm afraid so. He was surprised– wearing a face mask is basic hospital procedure. B2 He was surprised– wearing a face mask is basic hospital procedure. B2 It turned out that she had contracted a serious infection. B2 Atul Gawande wrote a book called The Checklist Manifesto: How to get things right. If surgeons run through a simple checklist before every operation, then lives will be saved. C1 Doctors used a 5-point checklist before they carried out specific procedures. B2 There is a list of routine things doctors should normally do – for example, wearing rubber gloves. Suppose a skyscraper fell down because the engineers hadn’t remembered to do some important calculations. Suppose a skyscraper fell down because the engineers hadn’t remembered to do some important calcuB2 They were shown the statement ‘If I had surgery, I’d want the surgeon to use this list’. B2 It’s relevant for all of us, not just for doctors. B2 If surgeons run through a simple checklist before every operation, then lives will be saved. C2 He points out that people like engineers and pilots use checklists all the time. B2 There would be an immediate inquiry to look into these events. B2 So it’s hard to work out why they don’t want to use it themselves. B2 The operation was a success but a few days later the patient came down with a fever. B2 He comes up with some good examples. B2 It turned out that she had a serious infection. B2 Doctors used a 5-point checklist before they carried out specific procedures. B1 Apparently Johnny Depp avoids viewing his own films. B2 Apparently Johnny Depp avoids viewing his own films. C1 You can find these lists in my archives. Suppose a skyscraper fell down because the engineers hadn’t remembered to do some important calculations. I'm sure you'll love them, provided you like ugly animals! B2 Here are some museums you can visit, as long as you have the money to travel. B1 Please send me a list, otherwise I won't have anything for next week. B1 You might like this list, unless you are from somewhere like San Marino. B1 Recently, an online poll was held to choose the New Seven Wonders of the World. A symbol of Mayan civilisation, the city was a centre for trade. B2 The Mayans used it as an observatory– the view of the night sky from the top is beautiful. Constructed of concrete and soapstone, the statue is about thirty metres high. B2 The outstretched arms measure 28 metres end-to-end. B2 This amazing structure was built over a period of more than two thousand years. B2 Machu Picchu is believed to have been a sacred place for the inhabitants of nearby Cusco. C1 There are many buildings carved out of stone, an amphitheatre and a monastery. Petra became a World Heritage Site in 1985. The Taj Mahal is built of white marble. The ‘Cristo Redentor’ statue on Mount Corcovado has become a worldwide icon of Brazil. B2 It was built in order to keep out the hostile tribes of Mongolia on the other side. C1 The Great Wall is not actually just one continuous wall, but a succession of many different ones. C1 The Incas abandoned the city and for many years, only local people knew about it. B2 The city of Petra flourished from 9 BC to 40AD. C2 There are many buildings carved out of stone. C2 It was built by Emperor Shah Jahan as the place to bury his wife Mumtaz Mahal when she died. B1 It was used by the Romans for about 500 years for all kinds of public spectacles. Here are a few simple tips we can use to instantly change to the way we live for the better. B2 Overdramatising a situation only makes it worse. Try and put things into perspective a little, take a step back, sleep on it. C1 Try and put things into perspective a little, take a step back, sleep on it. C2 Try not to look at people so simplistically. Do you sometimes snap at your parents? C2 Just because you feel angry, it doesn’t mean they’re being unreasonable. B2 Maybe you are overreacting. If you’re always looking for perfection in others, you’re sure to be disappointed. C1 Similarly, when your football team loses, they didn’t lose just to upset you. C1 Things don't always go your way. Maybe it's time to stop blaming other people. B1 Life can let us down and can sometimes fail to deliver what we were hoping for. B2 Your teacher didn’t give you the part in the school play that you tried your hardest for at the audition. Maybe other problems with school or friends are getting in the way of you thinking clearly. The plan worked out well in the end. B2 If you’re not living up to your own expectations, be kind to yourself. B2 Don’t dwell on the past. C1 It’s a good idea to get work experience when you’re still at school. This job would suit a school leaver. All students should see a careers advisor before they leave school. Higher education isn’t for everyone. It’s important to get a good degree to be successful in life. B1 Most of us are science graduates. B2 By the time you're thirty, you have more life experience. Doing a degree course is a waste of money. It’s the weekend and you’re having a lie in. He storms into your room and says ‘It’s about time you got out of bed.' He chose a certain path in life, it proved to be a misguided one. Stevens has spent his life as a butler, working for Lord Darlington. Really – one has to ask oneself – what dignity is there in that? C2 All right, so neither of us are exactly in our first flush of youth. B2 The pleasure-seekers were gathering on the pier. Their happiness would vouch for the correctness of my companion's words. We are prepared to sacrifice much in life in order to pursue such aspirations. C2 Surely that is in itself, whatever the outcome, cause for pride and contentment. Twitter's co-founder is Jack Dorsey. C2 Twitter was originally created as a messaging system for a podcasting website. B2 Perhaps the greatest impact Twitter has had is on breaking news. B2 A journalist had to make sure the news was accurate and true. It allows people to stand up to things such as cyber bullying, sexism and racism. C1 It allows people to stand up to things such as cyber bullying, sexism and racism. C1 It allows people to stand up to things such as cyber bullying, sexism and racism. It allows people to stand up to things such as cyber bullying, sexism and racism. B2 I’ll let you know as soon as I hear anything. A2 If you see Jim can you pass on the message? An old friend of mine got in touch with me on Facebook the other day. B1 It’s so easy to keep in touch with all your friends these days. B1 When you tell her, break the news gently. C2 His followers retweeted his message more than 10,000 times. I’ll drop you a line when we get there. Give me a call when you get home. A2 They should be able to report the facts without bias or prejudice. C2 They should be able to report the facts without bias or prejudice. B2 Sting operations are one of the most controversial ways a journalist can legally get a story. B2 They hope that they will do something newsworthy. In 2010 a newspaper accused the professional snooker player John Higgins of taking money to lose ma Higgins admitted that meeting the men was foolish. B2 Whereas sting operations might be legal, phone-hacking is certainly not. In 2007, the editor of a leading UK newspaper was sent to prison for four months. B2 The editor said he regretted having invaded the privacy of these people. B2 The editor said he regretted having invaded the privacy of these people. B2 He apologised for causing his victims distress. B2 He apologised for causing his victims distress. C1 The paparazzi are famous for pursuing the rich and famous hoping to get a photograph. Higgins admitted that meeting the men was foolish. B1 He apologised for causing his victims distress. B1 The editor said he regretted having invaded the privacy of these people. B1 He warned other journalists not to make the same mistake. B1 In 2010 a newspaper accused the professional snooker player John Higgins of taking money to lose maB2 Higgins denied having done anything wrong. B2 The judge criticised the journalists for behaving so badly. B2 Higgins agreed to meet the men. B1 He ordered the photographers to stay away from her home. B2 Give us a hint at least. B1 No, don’t bother. Here she is. B2 Who on earth is Ben Anderson? C1 You stopped at the supermarket to buy us crisps or chocolate or something. A2 It’s none of your business, Liam. B2 And in any case, Justin’s wrong. B2 She wanted to change the way her school magazine reported stories. Twitter allows people who think the same way to get together. C1 Liam, you’re in my way! I was on my way to meet you when I saw a TV cameraman. I’ll get there, one way or another. B2 This is way too difficult. A significant number of people claim to have seen strange spaceships in the sky. B2 Some claim that they have even been abducted by them. The universe, Hawking says, has 100 billion galaxies. B2 They are bound to also have the technology needed to build better weapons than us. B2 They might only see Earth as a place of valuable resources. B2 Lord Rees, another famous scientist, recently asserted that aliens could be advanced. C1 So maybe it’s time to turn off the radio signals we’re sending into space. B2 Maybe we should forget about sending rockets outside of our solar system. B2 So maybe we should try and pretend that we really are alone in the universe. B2 The special effects in the movie are out of this world. C2 If you eat more, you put on weight. It's not rocket science. We only go to the cinema once in a blue moon. In those days, she was still a starry-eyed young lawyer. She was over the moon when she got the job. B2 I like my boss because he's down to earth and gets things done. C1 Well it’s not every day you get a full lunar eclipse. The Apollo 13 mission nearly ended in disaster when one of the rocket’s oxygen tanks exploded. B2 The three-man crew have to fight against all the odds to bring their spaceship home. C1 Only Disney could produce a film about environmental destruction that is light-hearted and fun. B2 When the film starts, the Earth is a mess as a result of mankind’s greed. B2 When the film starts, the Earth is a mess as a result of mankind’s greed. C1 WALL-E's daily routine is interrupted by the arrival of EVE. B2 James Cameron’s films are masterpieces, and the sci-fi thriller Avatar is no exception. B2 Mankind has invaded the planet Pandora because of its natural resources. B2 It is a reminder for all of us of how important it is that we take care of our own planet. C1 You are in for a thrilling journey. B2 It gets a little sentimental at the end. C2 It's got stunning special effects. B2 This delightful and entertaining animated film is aimed at kids. B2 It gets a little far-fetched at times. When it comes to action-packed blockbusters, James Cameron's films are masterpieces. Matt Damon gives a memorable performance. B2 Cameron's Pandora is breathtaking. B2 There are private businesses selling space trips for huge profits. B2 There may be very few who are keen to embark on such an extreme adventure. In the media, astronauts are portrayed as heroes. B2 Astronauts are allowed a bonus container with a few of their favourite dishes. B2 When she squeezed the tube, the paste came out and went everywhere. B2 The Russian Soyuz spacecraft has a particular reputation for offering rather bumpy rides. B2 Other nations have joined in the quest to learn more about life beyond Earth. C2 While you're sleeping you might start drifting. C2 Other nations have joined in the quest to learn more about life beyond Earth. B2 In today’s Real Humans column we go behind the scenes of a space lab. B2 Wasabi is commonly eaten with sushi. C1 Hygiene can be a challenge in space. C1 Sleeping in a gravity free environment poses problems. C1 I’ve heard it described as a train wreck followed by a car crash followed by falling off your bike. C2 The world holds many more secrets, secrets that are waiting to be revealed. B2 The world holds many more secrets, secrets that are waiting to be revealed. B2 Voronya Cave is so inaccessible and inhospitable that very little is known about it. The exact number of caves on Earth is yet to be determined. B2 Due to immense water pressure, the deep ocean is totally hostile to humans. C1 Technological advances have led to the discovery of many new varieties of deep-sea creature. B2 As Butfurther studies of course are conducted as further weconducted studies are will understand we willmore about life understand in harsh more aboutocean life inconditions. harsh ocean B2 conditions. C1 Its vast biodiversity supports a huge number of species of plants. B2 Its vast biodiversity supports a huge number of species of plants. Its vast biodiversity supports a huge number of species of plants. B2 Over 2,000 species of birds and mammals are known to live there. C1 The climate is quite unsuitable for human life. B2 Tubes of ice have been drilled out of the deepest ancient ice. Desert explorations have frequently had tragic outcomes. B2 We went diving around the reef. Their house overlooks the bay. We had a picnic on one of the sand dunes. You can go canoeing in the canyon. We could hear the sound of a waterfall in the distance. We flew over the mountain range. The volcano is still active. It is possible to ski on the glacier. His father was of Portuguese ancestry, and his mother was a native Brazilian. His origins would play a big part in helping to connect so many cultures. B2 He was later given the monumental task of placing telegraph lines from Brazil to Bolivia and Peru. Rondon opened paths through uncharted territory. B2 Rondon established a friendly and respectful relationship with the Bororo people. B2 The Nambikwara He was disturbed were previously and ashamed tothought of asthe learn about a timid butway terrible hostile thattribe. they were often treated by C2 outsiders. B2 Rondon was attacked several times, and once he was wounded by an arrow. B2 Rondon was attacked several times, and once he was wounded by an arrow. B2 Rondon set up Brazil’s Indian Protection Service. B2 Rondon’s famous words became its motto. I made friends with some locals. B1 I made a deal with some local men to help with the work. Pete’s dad gave him some good advice. The journey could previously only be made by boat. They asked her to make a speech at her old school. His origins would play a big part in helping to connect so many cultures. B2 It was a great meeting - we made a lot of progress. Remember to make a wish when you blow out your candles. I decided to make an effort to finish the work that week. We had to make a very difficult decision. Do research on the Internet if you need to. She makes money by giving piano lessons. Other members of the expedition wanted to take revenge on the native people. He always used to play the fool in class. Can you give any real life examples of what she’s describing? We decided to play a joke on our teacher. B2 We made a complaint to the hotel manager. We took advantage of the good weather and went for a long walk. B2 She offered to cook a meal to make amends for her earlier behaviour. At first, I thought he was making fun of me. B2 At dawn and at sunset the monkeys screamed together. B2 Once some creature, an ant-eater or a bear, walked clumsily amid the shadows. B2 On the third day out we were aware of a strange, deep, rhythmic beat in the air. B2 Our guides remained motionless, as if they had been turned to bronze. They were listening intently with expressions of terror upon their faces. ‘How can they watch us?’ I asked, gazing into the dark. B2 Sometimes they beat quickly, one far to the east breaking out in a high-pitched beat. B2 That night we tied our canoes with heavy stones for anchors in the centre of the stream. C2 IPA Translation æmˈbɪʃ.əs ambicioso ˈsʌm.ɪt cima ˈrɪs.ki riesgoso ˈglæs.i.ə glaciar slɪp resbalarse ˈɔː.kwəd.li torpemente nɒt nudo stʌk atorado, atascado krəˈvæs grieta əˈsjuːm suponer əˈsɪs.təns auxilio θrɪld fascinado ɪkˈstriːm.li extremadamente klaɪm escalar krɔːl arrastrarse hɒp brincar en un pie ˈwɒn.də deambular ˈstæg.ə tambalearse ˈtɪp.təʊ caminar de puntitas liːp saltar swɪŋ mecerse rʌʃ apurarse, apresurarse dɪˈsend descender ˈɔː.kwəd incómodo ˈgɪl.ti culpable ˈdes.pər.ət desesperado əˈʃeɪmd avergonzado ˈpʌz.l ld confundido stʌk atorado, bloqueado ˈʌl.tɪ.mət principal ˈpær.əˌʃuː.tɪŋ salto en paracaídas trek viaje arduo ˈpær.əˌglaɪ.də parapentista ˈstræn.dɪd varado rɪˈməʊt remoto stʌnt acto arriesgado faʊnd fundar kəmˈpraɪz incluir ˌkɒm.bɪˈneɪ.ʃən combinación ˌfʌn.dəˈmen.təlz fundamentos ˈnæv.ɪ.geɪt navegar ˈtræk.ɪŋ rastrear ˈʃel.tə refugio ˈpræk.tɪ.kəl práctico dɪˈstɪŋ.gwɪʃ distinguir ˌseɪm ˈhɪə Yo igual./Igual que yo. ˈsʌm.θɪŋ ɔːr ˌʌð.ə esto y el otro ˌgɪv miː ə ˈʃaʊt échame una llamada/échame un grito jə ˌnəʊ ˈwɒt ¿Sabes qué? ˌweə ˈwɜː ˌwiː ¿En qué nos quedamos? ˌɪts ə ˈdɪəl Ya quedamos. raɪt ¿No?, ¿Verdad? ˌraɪt əˈweɪ inmediatamente ˌtuː ˈraɪt Exactamente./Ya sé. raɪt ˈʌp ˌtuː hasta ˌɔːl ˈraɪt muy bien, bueno raɪt muy bien, bueno ˈʃɔː.tɪdʒ escasez ˈdes.pər.ət.li desesperadamente ˈwɜːk.ʃɒp taller ˈren.ə.veɪt restaurar meə alcalde preɪz alabar ˈkʌr.ɪdʒ valentía kəmˈpæʃ.ən compasión ɪmˈplɔɪ.iː empleado ɪmˈplɔɪ.ə patrón ˈɪm.ɪ.grənt inmigrante ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt habitante ˌpɒl.ɪˈtɪʃ.ən político ˌref.jʊˈdʒiː refugiado ˈɔː.di.əns audiencia, público ˈməʊ.tər.ɪst automovilista pəˈdes.tri.ən peatón ˈrez.ɪ.dənt residente kruː tripulación stɑːf personal əˈbrɔːd en el extranjero ˌəʊ.vəˈrɔːl en términos generales rɪsk riesgo ˈhəʊm.sɪk.snəs nostalgia por estar lejos de casa ɪnˈvæl.jʊ.bl l invaluable pʊt ˈʌp wɪð tolerar brɪŋ əˈbaʊt provocar rʌn ˈɪn.tuː toparse con tɜːn ˈaʊt resultar hæŋ ˈaʊt wɪð juntarse con (alguien) pɪk ˈʌp aprender gəʊ ˈθruː pasar por (una situación) weər ˈaʊt agotar fɔːˈmeɪ.ʃən formación sɪˈvɪə grave ˌɜː.bən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən urbanización trəˈdɪʃ.ən.əl.i tradicionalmente maɪˈgreɪ.ʃən migración ˈɡæð.ər.ə recolector ˌnæʃ.ən.əl ˈbɔː.də frontera nacional rɪˈmeɪn permanecer draʊt sequía ˌdes.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən destino ˈæn.ju.əl anual ˈprɪn.sɪ.pəl.i principalmente pəˈzeʃ.ən propiedad ˈdaɪ.ət dieta ˈɔː.dɪ.nə.ri común, ordinario ˌfæn.si ˈdres traje ˈdɔː.step umbral kəˈlek.ʃən colección ˌfeəˈwel despedida ˈkɒs.tjuːm disfraz ˈjuː.nɪ.fɔːm uniforme sɔːd espada ʃiːld escudo ˌleð.ə ˈdʒæk.ɪt chamarra de cuero wɪg peluca belt cinturón ˈsʌŋˌglɑː.sɪz lentes de sol ˈhel.mɪt casco keɪp capa mɑːsk máscara ˈeɪ.prən delantal ˈfʊt.bɔːl ˌtɒp camiseta de futbol ˈdʒiː.ni.əs genio prəˈvɒk.ə.tɪv provocador ˈpeə.rən.tɪŋ crianza ˈtʃaɪld.hʊd niñez grəʊ ˈʌp crecer ˌdu: ˈwel irle bien a alguien strɪkt estricto ˌdu: jɔː ˈbest da lo mejor de ti sɒft blando brɪŋ ˈʌp criar get əˈhed ɪn ˌlaɪf salir adelante ˈtren.di a la moda nɒt ˌnəʊ ðə ˌfɜːst ˈθɪŋ ə.ba no tener idea de (algo) wɪˌtʃev.ə ˌweɪ ju: ˈlʊk ət por donde lo veas aɪ kən ˌtel juː ˈðæt fə ˌnʌθ.ɪEs obvio./Por algo te lo estoy diciendo. ˌstreɪtˈfɔː.wəd claro mes ˈʌp echar a perder (algo) sweə decir groserías ˌɒf jɔː ˈhed estar mal de la cabeza traɪb tribu ˈlaɪv.stɒk ganado ˌsʌm dɪˌgriː əv səkˈses cierto nivel de éxito ɪn ˈtɜːmz əv en términos de (algo)/en lo que se refiere a (algo) ˌɒn ðə ˈbeɪ.sɪs ðət sobre la base de ˈskeə.krəʊ espantapájaros pəʊz representar ˌsəʊ.lə ˈpæn.əl panel solar tʃɑːdʒ cargar bʌlb foco flæʃ destellar ˈskɒl.ə.ʃɪp beca ˈkɒn.flɪkt conflicto braɪt brillante rɪˈspɒn.sɪ.bl l responsable dɪˈsaɪ.sɪv decidido ˌbædˈtemp.əd gruñón ɪˈmædʒ.ɪ.nə.tɪv creativo ˈɔː.ɡən.aɪzd organizado ˈkɔː.ʃəs precavido dʌl soso ɪmˈpeɪ.ʃənt impaciente ˈpræk.tɪ.kəl práctico ˈkɒn.fɪ.dənt seguro de sí mismo ˈær.ə.gənt arrogante ˈdʒɜː.nə.lɪ.zəm periodismo ˈæŋk.ʃəs ansioso dɪˈnaɪ negar ˈkeɪ.pə.bl l capaz ˈbreɪn.stɔːm hacer una lluvia de ideas ɪnˈθjuː.zi.æz.əm entusiasmo ɪn ˈsiː.krət en secreto ɪn ə ˈrəʊ consecuitvo, seguido ɒn ˈpɜː.pəs a propósito ɪn ə ˈpæn.ɪk aterrorizado baɪ ˈæk.sɪ.dənt por accidente ɪn ə ˈhʌr.i de prisa ɪn ˈpraɪ.vət en privado ɪn ˈpʌb.lɪk en público ˌkɑːnt biː ˈsɪə.ri.əs (alguien) debe estar bromeando ˌgɪv ɪt ə ˈrest ¡Ya!, ¡Ya basta! kɑːm ˈdaʊn cálmate ˌðæts dʒʌst ˈɪt Ese es el punto. əˈgen ¿Podrías repetir? ˌaʊt əv ˈɔː.də fuera de lugar səʊ ˌfɑː səʊ ˈgʊd todo bien hasta ahora ˌnɒt ver.i ˈgʊd ət no ser muy bueno para (algo) ˌnəʊ ˈgʊd no estar nada bien ə ˌgʊd ˈθɪŋ es bueno que…/ ¡qué bueno que…! fə ˈgʊd para siempre ˈɔːl ˌgʊd excelente ˈlɪm.ɪ.tɪd limitado pəˈten.ʃəl potencial ekˈses.ɪv excesivo ˈpiəˌpreʃ.ə presión de compañeros ˌdɪs.ədˈvɑːn.tɪdʒd en desventaja ˈɪr.ɪ.tə.bl l irritable ɪkˈspəʊz descubrir əˈwɒʃ inundado ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl artificial ʌnˈri:tʃ.ə.bl l inaccesible ˌjuː.esˈbiː ˌpɔːt puerto USB ˈhed.set audífonos con micrófono ˈweb.kæm cámara web plʌg enchufe əˈdæp.tə adaptador ˈpaʊə ˌliːd cable de corriente prəˌtek.tɪv ˈkeɪs funda protectora ˈtʃɑː.dʒə cargador ˈæt ˌsɪm.bəl símbolo de arroba ˌwaɪə.ləs ˈruː.tə enrutador inalámbrico ʌpˈgreɪd actualizar ˌzɪp ə ˈfaɪl comprimir un archivo seɪv guardar (un documento o un archivo) ˌbraʊz ðiː ˈɪn.tə.net navegar en internet plʌg ˈɪn enchufar ˌsɪŋk dɪˈvaɪs.ɪz sincronizar dispositivos ˌpəʊst ən ˈʌp.deɪt publicar actualizaciones ˌstriːm ə ˈvɪd.i.əʊ ver un video en streaming ɪkˌstrækt ˈfaɪlz extraer archivos kəˌnekt tə ˈwaɪ.faɪ conectarse a wifi lɔːntʃ lanzar prəˈfɪʃ.ənt competente ˈməʊ.tɪ.veɪt motivar ˈem.ɪ.greɪt emigrar ˈaʊt.kʌm resultado tjuːˈtɔː.ri.əl tutorial əˈkwaɪə adquirir ˌriː.juːˈnaɪt reunir ˈfɒl.əʊ.ʌp seguimiento ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv iniciativa ˈdek.eɪd década ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən evolución ˈɪn.flu.əns influir rɪˈflekt reflejar ˈsɜː.fɪs superficie ˌɔː.təˈmæt.ɪ.kəl.i automáticamente ˈrʌf.li más o menos lenz lente trænˈspær.ənt transparente ˈspuː.ki escalofriante ˈfɔːˌrʌn.ə precursor rɪəl rollo ˈstɑː.tl l sobresaltar ˈflʌr.ɪʃ florecer ˈʃʌt.ə obturador ˈdred.ɪd temible grəʊn gruñido ˌteɪk ɪn jɔː ˈstraɪd tomarse algo con calma ˌrek.əˈmend recomendar ˌɪn.trəˈdjuːs presentar əˈnaʊns anunciar kənˈfes confesar ɪnˈkwaɪə investigar kəmˈpleɪn quejarse ˌfɔːl ɪn ˈlʌv enamorarse splɪt ˈʌp terminar (con alguien) ˌget ˈmær.id casarse ˌget ɪnˈgeɪdʒd comprometerse ɑːsk ˈaʊt invitar a alguien a salir gəʊ ˈaʊt andar con (alguien) ˌgəʊ ɒn ə ˈdeɪt tener una cita ˌstɑːt ə ˈfæm.əl.i formar una familia get ˈəʊ.və superar (a alguien) kreɪz moda swiːp arrasar dɪˈspaɪt a pesar de əˈweə.nəs consciencia ˈsʌf.ər.ə paciente ˈnɒm.ɪ.neɪt nominar ˈvaɪə.rəl viral pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.pənt participantes ˌhjuː.mən rɪˈzɔːs recurso humano ˌnev.ə.ðəˈles sin embargo ˈdrɑːfts.mən dibujante wɪf tufo ˈskæn.dəl escándalo kwɪts quedar tablas ˈtʃæt.ə platicar teə ir a toda velocidad fɪb mentira piadosa ˈmeɪk ɪt poder ir/poder llegar ˈæt.ɪ.tjuːd actitud ˌpes.ɪˈmɪs.tɪk negativo/pesimista ˈpes.ɪ.mɪst pesimista ɑːmd armado ˈgʌn.pɔɪnt a punta de pistola ˈkɒn.ʃəs consciente ˈɒp.əreɪ.tɪŋ ˌruːm quirófano ˌpær.əˈmed.ɪk paramédico əˈlɜː.dʒɪk alérgico bi: əˈbaʊt tuː a punto de ˈɒf tuː irse a (algún lado) bi: ˌɒn ðə ˈpɔɪnt əv estar a punto de ˌtʃɪər ˈʌp animar (a alguien) ˈreɪn.bəʊ arcoíris ˈɒp.tɪ.mɪst optimista ˌɪn.spɪˈreɪ.ʃən.əl inspirador kwəʊt cita ˈgluː.mi deprimente ɪnˈkeɪ.pə.bl l incapaz ˌɒn ðə ˈkɒn.trə.ri al contrario kəˈpæs.ə.ti capacidad ˌæp.rɪˈhen.sɪv aprehensivo ʌnˈʃɔː inseguro lʊk ˈfɔː.wəd tuː esperar algo con interés ˈpɒz.ə.tɪv positivo ˌgʊd ˈfiː.lɪŋ buen presentimiento dred temor ˌnɒt nəʊ ˌweə tə ˈstɑːt no saber por dónde empezar ˈwʌr.id preocupado wɜːkt ˈʌp exaltado ˌbæd ˈfiː.lɪŋ mal presentimiento ˈen.i.weɪ en fin ˌfeər ɪˈnʌf se vale ˌfər ə ˈstɑːt para empezar ˌget jɔː ˈhəʊps ʌp hacerse ilusiones ˈgəʊ ˌfɔːr ɪt luchar por algo ˌmeɪk ə ˈfuːl əv jəˌself hacer el ridículo ˈsəʊ ˌfɑː hasta ahora aɪ ˈtəʊld juː ˌsəʊ te lo dije ɔː ˈsəʊ o algo así aɪ ˈges ˌsəʊ me parece que sí səʊ pues aɪm əˈfreɪd ˌsəʊ me temo que sí ˈfeɪs ˌmɑːsk cubrebocas prəˈsiː.dʒə procedimiento ɪnˈfek.ʃən infección ˌmæn.ɪˈfes.təʊ manifiesto ˈsɜː.dʒən cirujano spəˈsɪf.ɪk específico ˌrʌb.ə ˈɡlʌvz guantes de hule ˈskaɪˌskreɪ.pə rascacielos ˌkæl.kjəˈleɪ.ʃən cálculo ˈsteɪt.mənt declaración ˈrel.ə.vənt relevante rʌn ˈθruː revisar rápidamente pɔɪnt ˈaʊt indicar lʊk ˈɪn.tuː examinar wɜːk ˈaʊt descifrar kʌm ˈdaʊn wɪð contraer (una enfermedad)/enfermarse de (algo) kʌm ˈʌp wɪð ocurrírsele (algo a alguien) tɜːn ˈaʊt resultar kær.i ˈaʊt llevar a cabo əˈpær.ənt.li supuestamente vju: ver ˈɑː.kaɪv archivo səˈpəʊz suponer prəˈvaɪ.dɪd siempre y cuando əz ˈlɒŋ əz siempre que ˈʌð.ə.waɪz de otro modo ənˈles a menos que pəʊl encuesta sɪv.əl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən civilización əbˈzɜː.və.tər.i observatorio ˈkɒŋ.kriːt concreto ˈmeʒ.ə medir ˈstrʌk.tʃə estructura ˈseɪ.krɪd sagrado ˈmɒn.ə.stri monasterio ˈher.ɪ.tɪdʒ patrimonio ˈmɑː.bl l mármol ˈaɪ.kɒn ícono ˈhɒs.taɪl hostil səkˈseʃ.ən secuencia əˈbæn.dən abandonar ˈflʌr.ɪʃ prosperar kɑːv labrar ˈber.i enterrar ˈspek.tə.kl l espectáculo ˈɪn.stənt.li instantáneamente ˌəʊ.vəˈdræm.ə.taɪz exagerar ˌpʊt ɪn.tə pəˈspek.tɪv poner algo en perspectiva ˈsliːp ɒn consultar algo con la almohada sɪmˈplɪs.tɪk.li de manera simplista snæp decir bruscamente ʌnˈriː.zən.ə.bl l absurdos ˌəʊ.və.riˈækt reaccionar exageradamente pəˈfek.ʃən perfección ˈsɪm.ɪ.lə.li igualmente nɒt ˌgəʊ jɔː ˈweɪ no salir como uno espera bleɪm culpar let ˈdaʊn decepcionar ˌtraɪ jɔː ˈhɑːd.ɪst hacer el máximo esfuerzo ˌget ɪn ðə ˈweɪ əv interponerse ˌwɜːk aʊt ˈwel/ˈbæd.li salir bien/mal lɪv ˌʌp tə jɔːr ˌek.spekˈteɪ.ʃəcumplir con tus expectativas ˈdwel ɒn darle vueltas a (algo) ˈwɜːk ɪkˌspɪə.ri.əns experiencia laboral ˈskuːl ˌliː.və egresado kəˈrɪəz ədˌvaɪ.zə orientador vocacional ˌhaɪər edʒʊˈkeɪ.ʃən educación superior dɪˈgriː título universitario ˈgrædʒ.u.ət licenciado ˌlaɪf ɪkˈspɪə.ri.əns experiencia de vida dɪˈgriː ˌkɔːs licenciatura ˈlaɪ ˌɪn quedarse acostado hasta tarde stɔːm llegar o salir hechando chispas ˌmɪsˈgaɪ.dɪd erróneo ˈbʌt.lə mayordomo ˈdɪg.nɪ.ti dignidad juːθ juventud ˈpleʒ.əˌsiː.kə sibarita ˈvaʊtʃ fɔː garantizar ˌæs.pɪˈreɪ.ʃən aspiración kənˈtent.mənt satisfacción ˌkəʊˈfaʊn.də cofundador əˈrɪdʒ.ɪ.nə.li originalmente ˈɪm.pækt impacto ˈæk.jʊ.rət preciso stænd ˈʌp tu: alzarse en contra de (algo) ˈbʊl.i.ɪŋ intimidar ˈsek.sɪ.zəm sexismo ˈreɪ.sɪ.zəm racismo ˌlet sʌm.wʌn ˈnəʊ hacerle saber algo a alguien ˌpɑːs ɒn ðə ˈmes.ɪdʒ pasar un recado ˌget ɪn ˈtʌtʃ ponerse en contacto ˌkiːp ɪn ˈtʌtʃ mantenerse en contacto ˌbreɪk ðə ˈnjuːz dar la mala noticia ˌriːˈtwiːt retweetear ˌdrɒp ə ˈlaɪn escribirle a alguien ˌgɪv ə ˈkɔːl llamar a alguien ˈbaɪ.əs sesgo ˈpredʒ.ʊ.dɪs prejuicio ˌkɒn.trəˈvɜː.ʃəl contoversial ˈnjuːzˌwɜː.ði de interés periodístico ˈsnuː.kə billar inglés ˈfuː.lɪʃ tonto ˈhæk.ɪŋ hackeo ˈed.ɪ.tə editor ɪnˈveɪd invadir ˈprɪv.ə.si privacidad ˈvɪk.tɪm víctima dɪˈstres aflicción ˌpæp.ərˈæt.si paparazzi ədˈmɪt aceptar əˈpɒl.ə.dʒaɪz disculparse rɪˈgret arrepentirse wɔːn advertir əˈkjuːz acusar dɪˈnaɪ negar ˈkrɪt.ɪ.saɪz criticar əˈgriː estar de acuerdo ˈɔː.də ordenar ət ˈliːst por lo menos ˌdəʊnt ˈbɒð.ə no tomarse la molestia ɒn ˈɜːθ quién demonios/qué demonios ɔː ˈsʌm.θɪŋ o algo por el estilo ˌnʌn əv jɔː ˈbɪz.nɪs no es asunto tuyo ɪn ˈen.i ˌkeɪs en todo caso ðə ˈweɪ la manera ðə ˌseɪm ˈweɪ de la misma forma ɪn ˌsʌm.wʌnz ˈweɪ estorbarle a alguien ˌɒn jɔː ˈweɪ en camino ˈwʌn ˌweɪ ɔːr əˌnʌð.ə de una u otra forma ˈweɪ ˌtuː demasiado sɪgˈnɪf.ɪ.kənt significativo æbˈdʌkt secuestrar ˈgæl.ək.si galaxia ˈwep.ən arma rɪˈzɔːs recurso əˈsɜːt afirmar ˈsɪg.nəl señal ˈrɒk.ɪt cohete prɪˈtend fingir ˌaʊt əv ðɪs ˈwɜːld fuera de serie nɒt ˈrɒk.ɪt ˌsaɪəns no es gran ciencia ˌwʌns ɪn ə ˌbluː ˈmuːn muy de vez en cuando ˌstɑː.riˈaɪd soñador ˌəʊ.və ðə ˈmuːn en las nubes ˌdaʊn tuː ˈɜːθ con los pies en la tierra ˌluː.nər ɪˈklɪps eclipse lunar ˈɒk.sɪ.dʒən oxígeno ɒdz pronósticos dɪˈstrʌk.ʃən destrucción mænˈkaɪnd humanidad griːd avaricia ˌɪn.təˈrʌpt interrumpir ɪkˈsep.ʃən excepción ɪnˈveɪd invadir rɪˈmaɪn.də recordatorio ˈθrɪl.ɪŋ apasionante ˌsen.tɪˈmen.təl sentimental ˈstʌn.ɪŋ espectacular dɪˈlaɪt.fəl encantador ˌfɑːˈfetʃt descabellado ˌæk.ʃənˈpækt cargado de acción ˈmem.ər.ə.bl l memorable ˈbreθˌteɪ.kɪŋ impresionante ˈprɒf.ɪt ganancia ɪmˈbɑːk emprender algo pɔːˈtreɪ retratar ˈbəʊ.nəs adicional skwiːz apretar ˌrep.jʊˈteɪ.ʃən reputación kwest misión drɪft ir a la deriva biˈjɒnd más allá de ˈkɒl.əm columna ˈkɒm.ən.li comúnmente ˈhaɪ.dʒiːn higiene pəʊz implicar rek choque həʊld contener rɪˈviːl revelar ˌɪn.hɒsˈpɪt.ə.bl l inhóspito dɪˈtɜː.mɪn determinar ɪˈmens inmenso ədˈvɑːns avance kənˈdʌkt efectuar hɑːʃ hostil vɑːst vasto ˌbaɪ.əʊ.daɪˈvɜː.sɪ.ti biodiversidad ˈspiː.ʃiːz especie ˈmæm.əl mamífero ʌnˈsuː.tə.bl l inadecuado drɪl perforar ˈtrædʒ.ɪk trágico riːf arrecife beɪ bahía djuːn duna ˈkæn.jən cañón ˈwɔː.tə.fɔːl cascada ˈmaʊn.tɪn ˌreɪndʒ cordillera vɒlˈkeɪ.nəʊ volcán ˈglæs.i.ə glaciar ˈæn.ses.tri ascendencia ˈɒr.ɪ.dʒɪnz orígenes ˌmɒn.jʊˈmen.təl monumental ˈter.ɪ.tər.i territorio ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ establecer ˈtɪm.ɪd tímido dɪˈstɜːb perturbar wuːnd herir ˈær.əʊ flecha prəˈtek.ʃən protección ˈmɒt.əʊ lema ˌmeɪk ˈfrendz hacer amistad ˌmeɪk ə ˈdɪəl hacer un trato ˌgɪv ədˈvaɪs dar un consejo ˌmeɪk ə ˈdʒɜː.ni hacer un viaje ˌmeɪk ə ˈspiːtʃ dar un discurso ˌpleɪ ə ˈpɑːt participar ˌmeɪk ˈprəʊ.gres avanzar ˌmeɪk ə ˈwɪʃ pedir un deseo ˌmeɪk ən ˈef.ət hacer un esfuerzo ˌmeɪk ə dɪˈsɪʒ.ən tomar una decisión ˌdu: rɪˈsɜːtʃ investigar ˌmeɪk ˈmʌn.i ganar dinero ˌteɪk rɪˈvendʒ vengarse ˌpleɪ ðə ˈfuːl hacerse el tonto ˌgɪv ən ɪgˈzɑːm.pl l dar un ejemplo ˌpleɪ ə ˈdʒəʊk hacer una broma ˌmeɪk ə kəmˈpleɪnt presentar una queja ˌteɪk ədˈvɑːn.tɪdʒ əv aprovechar ˌmeɪk əˈmendz enmendarse ˌmeɪk ˈfʌn əv burlarse de (alguien o algo) dɔːn amanecer ˈklʌm.zɪ.li torpemente əˈweə consciente ˈməʊ.ʃən.ləs inmóvil ɪnˈtent.li atentamente geɪz mirar fijamente breɪk ˈaʊt estallar ˈæŋ.kə ancla