STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

1.) Given the data set ;

4 , 10 , 7 , 7 , 6 , 9 , 3 , 8 and 9
Find :
a) the mode
b) the median
c) the mean

Solution :

a. The given data set has 2 modes: 7 and 9

b. order data : 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 9 , 10 : median = 7

c. (mean) : m = 3 + 4 + 6 + 7 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 9 + 10

mean = 7

2.) The following are scores obtained by 50 students on their statistics quiz.

81 49 93 40 42 87 75 82 53 90

46 51 79 71 84 66 73 77 69 54

64 67 71 35 69 41 59 73 60 92

85 79 95 71 72 60 66 74 78 77

66 71 63 49 89 57 59 56 79 85

Solution:

Construct a frequency distribution for these data.

Steps.

1. Compute the range.

R = Highest Value – Lowest Value

 = 95 – 35
R = 60

2. Compute the number of classes. Using the formula n = 1 + 3.32logN

n = 1 + 3.32log N
= 1+ 3.32log(50)
n = 6.64

3. Compute the class size.

C= R
n
= 60
6.64
C = 9.04 approximately equal to 9.0 (rounded to the nearest
whole number)

4. Construct a class limit, by starting at the lowest observed value of the

score using the class size (C) that we have determined in step 3.

Frequency Distribution Table

Class Limit f Class Mark Class Boundary Relative

Frequency

LCB - UCB

35 – 43 4 39 34.5 – 43.5 0.08

44 – 52 4 48 43.5 – 52.5 0.08

53 – 61 8 57 52.5 – 61.5 0.16

62 – 70 8 66 61.5 – 70.5 0.16

71 – 79 15 75 70.5 – 79.5 0.30

80 – 88 6 84 79.5 – 88.5 0.12

89 – 97 5 93 88.5 – 97.5 0.10

Total N = 50
Use Stem and Leaf diagram to find the frequency on each class.

3 5

4 0 1 2 6 9 9

5 1 3 4 6 7 9 9

6 0 0 3 4 6 6 6 7 9 9

7 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 7 7 8 9 9 9

8 1 2 4 5 5 7 9

9 0 2 3 5

Compute for the Class Mark :

CM = Upper Limit + Lower Limit

for each class interval. For example, for the first interval 35 – 43, the Upper
Limit is equal to 43 while the Lower Limit is 35, thus,

CM = 43 + 35

CM = 39

For Class Boundary

Lower Class Boundary = 34 + 35

Lower Class Boundary = 34.5

Upper Class Boundary = 43 + 44

2
 Upper Class Boundary = 43.5

Class Interval f Cumulative Frequency

Less Than F More Than F

35 – 43 4 4 50

44 – 52 4 8 46

53 – 61 8 16 42

62 – 70 8 24 34

71 – 79 15 39 26

80 – 88 6 45 11

89 – 97 5 50 5

3.) In a town of 50,000 people, it is but practical to choose a representative

group for a certain research project. How do you get the random sample?
Use Sloven’s Formula with a margin of error of 9%.

Given :

N = 50,000

e = 9% = 0.09

Solution :

n= N

1 + Ne2

n= 50,000 n = 123.2 approximately equal to 123.0

1 + (50,000)(0.09)2 (rounded to the nearest whole number)