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Introduction
Most large induction motors are started directly on line, but when
very large motors are started that way, they cause a disturbance
of voltage on the supply lines due to large starting current surges.
To limit the starting current surge, large induction motors are
started at reduced voltage and then have full supply voltage
reconnected when they run up to near rotated speed.
N = 120 f /P
Starting Principle
The high starting current will produce severe a voltage drop and
will affect the operation of other equipment. It is not desirable to
start large motors direct on line (giving full voltage to the stator).
Normally with motors beyond 5 HP, starters are provided. For
reduction in the starting current, a lower voltage is applied to the
stator, especially for the squirrel cage induction motors. Full
voltage is only applied when the motor picks up speed.
Types of Cooling
2. Star-Delta Starter
A three phase motor will give three times the power output when
the stator windings are connected in delta than if connected in
star, but will take 1/3 of the current from the supply when
connected in star than when connected in delta. The starting
torque developed in star is ½ that when starting in delta.