2 (2) Hi PDF

Chapter 2
Mathematics XII
Exercise 2.2
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(Class XII)
Exercise 2.2
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Question 1:
1 1
Prove that 3𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (3𝑥 − 4𝑥 3 ), 𝑥 ∈ [− , ].
2 2
Answer 1: www.tiwariacademy.com
1 1
To prove: 3𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (3𝑥 − 4𝑥 3 ), 𝑥 ∈ [− , ]
2 2
Let 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥 = θ, then x = sin θ.

We have,
RHS = sin-1 (3x-4x 3 ) = sin-1 (3 sin θ -4sin3 θ)
= sin-1 (sin 3θ) = 3θ = 3sin-1 x
= LHS
Question 2:
1
Prove that 3𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (4𝑥 3 − 3𝑥), 𝑥 ∈ [ , 1].
2
Answer 2:
1
To prove: 3𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (4𝑥 3 − 3𝑥), 𝑥 ∈ [ , 1].
2
Let cos -1 x = θ, then x = cos θ.

We have,
RHS = cos -1 (4x 3 -3x) = cos -1 (4cos3 θ-3cosθ)
= cos -1 (cos 3θ) = 3θ = 3cos -1 x
= LHS
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(Class XII)
Question 3: www.tiwariacademy.com
2 7 1
Prove that 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
11 24 2
2 7 1
To prove: tan-1 + tan-1 = tan-1
11 24 2
2 7
LHS = tan-1 + tan-1
11 24
2 7 48 + 77
+
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 11 24 ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 11 × 24 )
2 7 11 × 24 − 14
1− ×
11 24 11 × 24
48 + 77 125 1
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = RHS
264 − 14 251 2
Question 4:
1 1 31
Prove that 2𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
2 7 17
Answer 4:
1 1 31
To prove: 2tan-1 + tan-1 = tan-1
2 7 17
1 1
LHS = 2tan-1 + tan-1
2 7
1
2×
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 [ 2 ] + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 1
1 2 7 3 7
1 − ( 2) ( 4)
4 1
4 1 +
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1
+ 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 −1
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( 3 7 )
3 7 4 1
1− ×
3 7
28 + 3
28 + 3 31
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 3 × 7 ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = RHS
3×7−4 21 − 4 17
3×7

(Class XII)
√1+𝑥 2 −1
Write the function 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 , 𝑥 ≠ 0, in the simplest form.
𝑥
√1+x2 -1
Given function tan-1
x
Let x = tan θ
√1 + 𝑥 2 − 1
−1 −1
√1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 − 1
∴ 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛
𝑥 tan 𝜃
sec 𝜃 − 1 1 − cos 𝜃
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
tan 𝜃 sin 𝜃
𝜃
2𝑠𝑖𝑛2
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 2 ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (tan 𝜃)
𝜃 𝜃 2
2 sin 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2 2
𝜃 1
= = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥
2 2
Question 6:
1
Write the function 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 , | 𝑥| > 1, in the simplest form.
√𝑥 2 −1
1
Given function tan-1
√x2 -1
Let x = cosec θ
1 1
∴ tan-1 = tan-1
√x 2 -1 √cosec 2 θ-1
1
= tan-1 = tan-1 tan θ = θ = cosec -1 x
cot θ
π
= -sec -1 x
2

(Class XII)
1−cos 𝑥
Write the function 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (√ ) , 𝑥 < 𝜋, in the simplest form.
1+cos 𝑥
1−cos 𝑥
The given function is 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (√ )
1+cos 𝑥
Now,
𝑥
1 − cos 𝑥 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2
𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (√ ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (√ 2)
1 + cos 𝑥 𝑥
2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
2
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (√𝑡𝑎𝑛2 ) == 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑡𝑎𝑛 ) =
2 2 2
Question 8:
cos 𝑥−sin 𝑥
Write the function 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) , 0 < 𝑥 < 𝜋, in the simplest form.
cos 𝑥+sin 𝑥
Answer 8:
cos 𝑥−sin 𝑥
The given function is 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
cos 𝑥+sin 𝑥
Now,
sin 𝑥
cos 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 1−
𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( cos 𝑥 ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (1 − tan 𝑥 )
cos 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 sin 𝑥 1 + tan 𝑥
1+
cos 𝑥
𝜋
1 − tan 𝑥 tan − tan 𝑥
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 4 )
1 + 1. tan 𝑥 𝜋
1 + tan . tan 𝑥
4
𝜋 𝜋
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 [𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( − 𝑥)] = − 𝑥
4 4

(Class XII)
𝑥
Write the function 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 , |𝑥| < 𝑎, in the simplest form.
√𝑎2 −𝑥 2
x
The given function is tan-1
√a2 -x2
Let x = a sin θ
𝑥 a sin 𝜃 a sin 𝜃
∴ 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 √𝑎2 − 𝑎2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑎√1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
a sin 𝜃 𝑥
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (tan 𝜃) = 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1
a sin 𝜃 𝑎
Question 10:
3𝑎2 𝑥 − 𝑥 3 −𝑎 𝑎
Write the function in 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) , 𝑎 > 0; ≤𝑥 , the simplest form.
𝑎3 −3𝑎𝑥 2 √3 √3
Answer 10:
3a2 x - x3
The given function is tan-1 ( )
a3 -3ax2
Let x = a tan θ
−1
3𝑎2 𝑥 − 𝑥 3 −1
3𝑎2 . 𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 − 𝑎3 𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝜃
∴ 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( 3 ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( )
𝑎 − 3𝑎𝑥 2 𝑎3 − 3𝑎. 𝑎2 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃
3𝑎3 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 − 𝑎3 𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝜃 3𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝜃

= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1
( )
𝑎3 − 3𝑎3 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 1 − 3𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃
𝑥
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑡𝑎𝑛3𝜃) = 3𝜃 = 3𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
𝑎

(Class XII)

1
Find the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 [2𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 )]
2

1
The given function is tan-1 [2cos (2sin-1 )]
2
1 π
∴ tan-1 [2cos (2sin-1 )] = tan-1 [2cos (2sin-1 (sin ))]
2 6
π π 1
= tan-1 [2cos (2 × )] = tan-1 [2cos ( )] = tan-1 [2 × ]
6 3 2
π
= tan-1 [1] =
4
Find the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑡(𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑎 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝑎).
Answer 12:
The given function is cot(tan-1 a + cot -1 a).
π 𝜋
∴ cot(tan-1 a + cot -1 a) = cot ( ) [as 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝑥 = ]
2 2
=0
Question 13:
1 2𝑥 1−𝑦 2
Find the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛 2 [𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 1+𝑥2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 1+𝑦2] , |𝑥| < 1, 𝑦 > 0 and 𝑥𝑦 < 1.
1 2x 1-y2
The given function is tan 2 [sin-1 1+x2 + cos -1 1+y2]
1 2x 1-y2
∴ tan [sin-1 + cos -1 ]
2 1+x2 1+y2
1 2𝑥 1−𝑥 2
= tan [2tan-1 x + 2tan-1 y] [𝑎𝑠 2𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ]
2 1+𝑥 2 1+𝑥 2
1
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 [2(𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑦)] = 𝑡𝑎𝑛[𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑦]
2
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 [𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ]=
1−𝑥𝑦 1−𝑥𝑦

(Class XII)

1
If 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥) = 1, then find the value of x.
5

1
Since, sin (sin-1 + cos -1 x) = 1
5
1
∴ (sin-1 + cos -1 x) = sin-1 1
5
1 π
⇒ (sin-1 + cos -1 x) =
5 2
−1 1 𝜋
⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥 [as 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 = ]
5 2
1
⇒𝑥=
5
Question 15:
𝑥−1 𝑥+1 𝜋
If 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = , then find the value of x.
𝑥−2 𝑥+2 4
Answer 15:
𝑥−1 𝑥+1 𝜋
Given that 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 =
𝑥−2 𝑥+2 4
𝑥−1 𝑥+1
+ 𝜋
⇒ 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 𝑥 − 2 𝑥 + 2 ) =
𝑥−1 𝑥+1 4
1− ×
𝑥−2 𝑥+2
𝑥+𝑦
[𝑎𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (1−𝑥𝑦)]
𝑥−1 𝑥+1 (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 2) + (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 1)

+ 𝜋 [ ]
𝑥 − 2 𝑥 + 2 (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 2)
⇒ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ⇒ =1
𝑥−1 𝑥+1 4 (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 2) − (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)
1− × [ ]
𝑥−2 𝑥+2 (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 2)
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 𝑥 − 2 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 2 2𝑥 2 − 4
⇒ =1 ⇒ =1
𝑥 2 − 4 − (𝑥 2 − 1) −3
1 1
⇒ 2𝑥 2 − 4 = −3 ⇒ 𝑥 2 = ⇒𝑥=± .
2 √2

(Class XII)

2𝜋
Find the values of 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (sin ).
3

2π
Given that sin-1 (sin ).
3
π π
We know that sin−1 (sin x) = x if x ∈ [- , ], which is the principal value
2 2
branch of sin−1x.
2π π π π π π
∴ sin-1 (sin ) = sin-1 (sin {π- 3 }) = sin-1 (sin 3 ) = ∈ [- , ]
3 3 2 2
2π π
Hence, sin-1 (sin )=
3 3
Question 17:
3𝜋
Find the values of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (tan ).
4
Answer 17:
3π
Given that tan-1 (tan )
4
π π
We know that tan−1 (tan x) = x if x ∈ (- , ), which is the principal value
2 2
branch of tan−1x.
3𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
∴ 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (tan ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (tan {𝜋 − }) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (− tan )
4 4 4
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (tan {− }) = − ∈ (− , )
4 4 2 2
3𝜋 𝜋
Hence, 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (tan ) = −4
4

(Class XII)

3 3
Find the values of 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 ).
5 2

3 3
Given that 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 )
5 2
3 3 3 2
∴ 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 )
5 2 √52 − 32 3
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑏
[as 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ]
𝑏 √𝑏 2 −𝑎2 𝑏 𝑎
3 2
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 )
4 3
3 2 9+8
+
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 [𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 4 3 )] = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 [𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 4×3 )]
3 2 4×3−3×2
1− ×
4 3 4×3
17 17
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 )=
6 6
Question 19:
7𝜋
𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) is equal to
6
7𝜋 5𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 6 3 6
7π
Given that cos -1 (cos )
6
We know that cos−1 (cos x) = x if x ∈ [0, π], which is the principal value branch
of cos−1x.
7π 5π 5π 5π
∴ cos -1 (cos ) = cos -1 [cos (2π- )] = cos -1 (cos )= ∈ [0, π]
6 6 6 6
7π 5π
Hence, cos -1 (cos )=
6 6
The correct answer is B.

(Class XII)

𝜋 1
𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( − 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (− )) is equal to
3 2
1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) 1
2 3 4
π 1
Given that sin ( -sin-1 (- ))
3 2
π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sin–1 is [- , ].
2 2
𝜋 1 𝜋 𝜋
∴ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( − 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (− )) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 [ − 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (−𝑠𝑖𝑛 )]
3 2 3 6
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛 [ − 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 {𝑠𝑖𝑛 (− )}] = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( + ) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( ) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 = 1
3 6 3 6 6 2
𝜋 1
Hence, 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( − 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (− )) = 1
3 2
The correct answer is D.
Question 21:
𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 √3 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 (−√3) is equal to
𝜋
(A) 𝜋 (B) − (C) 0 (D) 2√3
2
Given that tan-1 √3-cot -1 (-√3)
π π
We know that the range of the principal value branch of tan–1 is (- , ) and
2 2
cot–1 is (0, π).
𝜋 𝜋
∴ 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 √3 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 (−√3) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑡𝑎𝑛 ) − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 (−𝑐𝑜𝑡 )
3 6
10

(Class XII)
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 5𝜋
= − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 [𝑐𝑜𝑡 (𝜋 − )] = − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 (𝑐𝑜𝑡 )
3 6 3 6
𝜋 5𝜋 2𝜋 − 5𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋
= − = =− =−
3 6 6 6 2
𝜋
Hence, 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 √3 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 (−√3) = −
2
The correct answer is B.
11

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Chapter 2

Let 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥 = θ, then x = sin θ.

Let cos -1 x = θ, then x = cos θ.

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3𝑎3 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 − 𝑎3 𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝜃 3𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝜃

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𝑥−1 𝑥+1 (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 2) + (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 1)

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