GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

B.TECH –CIVIL-B-SEM 5TH

BATCH:- G-4

GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION BY SIEVE ANALYSIS

(TAKEN SAMPLE AT :- KADVASAN - KHERVA)
CIVIL ENGINEERING

U.V. PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

KHERVA

GUIDED BY:- PREPARED BY:-

Prof. HIRAL PATEL

Prof. MITESH. PATEL GROUP:- 2

(1) DARJI AKASH (17012072006)

(2) NAYAK KARAN (17012072008)
(3) PATEL BHARGA (17012072009)
(4) PATEL HIREN (17012072010)
(5) PATELMIRAL (17012072011)
(6) PATEL NIKIL (17012072012)
(7) PATEL PARTH (17012072013)

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 INDEX

SR. EXPERIMENT PAGE Marks Sign

NO. NO.
1 GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION BY SIEVE 01-06
ANALYSIS

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 GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION BY SIEVE ANALYSIS

 OBJECTIVE: To determines the grain size distribution of coursed grained soil by sieving

 EQUIPMENT:

1. Balance of accuracy 1 g to 0.1 g.

2. Set of I.S. sieves: 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600µ, 425 µ, 300 µ, 150 µ, 0.75 µ
3. Mechanical sieve shaker.
4. Thermostatically controlled oven.

 THEORY
A particle size distribution' curve gives us an idea about the type and gradation of the soil. A soil is said
to be well graded when it has good representation of particles of all sizes. On the other hand, a soil is
said to be poorly graded, if it has an excess of certain particles and deficiency of others, or if it has most
of the particles of about the same size; in the latter case it is known as a uniformly graded soil.

For a coarse grained soil, certain particle sizes such as 010. 030 and 060 are important. The 𝐷10
represents a size, in mm such that 10% of the particles are finer than this size. Similarly, the soil
particles finer than 𝐷60 size are 60% of the total mass of the sample. The size 𝐷10 is called the effective
size or effective diameter. The uniformity coefficient 𝐶𝑢 is measured. Similarly, the shape of the particle
size curve is represented by the coefficient of the curvature Cc.

For a uniformly graded soil, 𝐶𝑐 is nearly unity. For a well-graded soil, Cc must be between 1 and 3 and in
addition Cu must be greater than 4 for gravels and 6 for sands.

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  PROCEDURE:

1. Take a representative sample of soil received from the field and. dry it in the oven.
2. Weigh the required quantity of dried soil say 1000 g passing 4.75 mm sieves.
3. Sieving performed by arranging the various sieves one over the other in the order of their mesh
opening, the largest aperture sieve being kept at the top and smallest aperture sieve at the
bottom. A receiver is kept at the bottom and a cover is kept at the top of the whole assembly.
4. The soil sample is put on the top sieve and the whole assembly is fitted on a sieve-shaking
machine. At least 10minutes of shaking is desirable for soils with small particles.
5. The portion of the soil sample retained on each sieve is weighed.
6. The percentage of soil retained on each sieve is calculated on the basis of the total mass of soil
sample taken and from these results; percentage passing through each sieve is calculated.

 OBSERVATION TABLE 1:
Mass of dry soil sample: 1000g

Mass retained on 4.75 mm sieve:0

Mass passing through 75 µ sieve:9g

Sr. I.S. Sieve Mass Retained (g) % Retained Cumulative % Cumulative %

no retained finer (N)
1 4.75mm - - - 100
2 2.36mm 6 0.6 0.6 99.4
3 1.18mm 25 2.5 3.1 96.9
4 600 µ 29 2.9 6 94
5 425 µ 57 5.7 11.7 88.3
6 300 µ 189 18.9 30.6 69.4
7 150 µ 580 58.0 88.6 11.4
8 75 µ 195 9.5 98.1 1.9
9 PAN 18 1.8 99.9 0.11

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 Grain size distribution curve
120
110 100 99.4 96.9 94
100
88.3
90
80 69.4
70
% finer

60
50
40
30
20 11.4
10 1.9
0
10 1 0.1 0.01

Particle Size (mm)

CALCULATIONS:
𝐷60 = 0.276 mm

𝐷30 = 0.198 mm

𝐷10 = 0.146 mm

𝐷60 𝐷30 2
𝐶𝑢 = 𝐷 𝐶𝑐 = 𝐷
10 10 ∗𝐷60

0.276 0.1982
𝐶𝑢 = 0.146 𝐶𝑐 = 0.146 ∗0.276

𝐶𝑢 = 1.890 𝐶𝐶 = 0.97

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CONCLUSION:

In this experiment we determined that60% particles are finer than

0.9mm,30% particles are finer than 0.43 mm and 10% particles are finer than 0.25mm.

Cu=3.60 and Cc=0.82 for poor graded send. The range cc value is 1 to 3 and Cu
greater than 6 for sand .

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