Topic : Current Electricity

Exercise # 1
PART - I
SECTION (A)
A-1. i = io +  sin t.
dq π
= 10 + sin t
dt 2
3
 π  π 1
q=  10  2 sin πt  dt
0
= 10 × 3 +
2
×
π
× 2 = 31 C Ans.

q 31
Average current = = A Ans.
t 3

A-3. (i) Q = i  t = 5 × 4 × 60 = 1200C

Q 1200
(ii) Q = ne  n= e  = 75 × 1020
1.6  10 –19

SECTION (B)
B-2. Voltage the across the wire = E= 25 × 2 = 50 V
50
i= = 10 A.
5

I 1 1
B-4. = slope of given graph = or R=
V R slope
Resistance of a metallic wire increases with increase in temperature.
(slope )T2 < (slope )T1

1 1
 (slope)T2 > (slope )T1 or R T2 > R T1

or T2 > T1

 (3.5  10 –5 )  (50  10–2 ) 0.35

B-6 (i) R = A  –2 2 = = 0.175
(1.0  10 ) 2

 (3.5  10 –5 ) (1.0  10–2 )

(ii) R = A  = 7 × 10–5
(1.0  10 – 2 ) (50  10 – 2 )

SECTION (C)
W
C-2. V=
Q
Q=I×t
= 3 × 12 = 36 C
500 125
V= = V Ans .
36 9

C-4. (a) V = E – ir = 12 – 90 × 5 × 10–2 = 12 – 4.5 = 7.5 V

E 12
(b) max =  = 24 mA
r ' 500
(c) For charging of battery V = E + ir , V > E  V > 12 V

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 639

 2202
C-6. R= for the two bulbs ,
500
110
V will be the potential difference individually
2
2
1 110  (500) 500 125
P= × = = = 31.25 W Ans.
4 (220)2 16 4

C-8.

(a) VA = VB = VC = VD = 0 VE = VF = VG = VH = 10V
VI = 10 + 5 = 15 V VJ = 15 V VK = 10 + 5 = 15 V
(b) VBI = 15 V, VJG = 5 V, VKD = 15 V
(c) Each battery is supplying the current hence each battery is acting as a source.
(d) Let current through BF, CG, HP is respectively i1 , i2, i3
15 5 15
i1 = = 15 amp , i2 = = 2.5 amp  i3 = = 5 amp 
1 2 3
For 10 V Battery , current = i1 – i2 + i3 = 15 – 2.5 + 5 = 17.5 amp 

V2 (15)2 (5)2 (15)2 225

(e) P1 = = = 225 W P2 = = 12.5 W P3 =  = 75 W
R 1 2 3 3
Hence, 1 resistance consumes the maximum power.
(f) PI = EI i1 = 10 × 17.5 = 175 W PII = E2 i1 = 5 × 15 = 75 W
PIII = E3 i2 = 15 × 2.5 = 37.5 W PIV = E4 i3 = 5 × 5 = 25 W
hence left most battery consume maximum power.
C-10. According to Kirchhoffs Voltage Law, the sum of the potential drops equal to the sum of the potential rises;
Therefore, 30 = 2 + 1 + V1 + 3 + 5
or V1 = 30 – 11 = 19 V Ans.
C-12. By applying Kirchhoff’s Current Law, we get the current in 10 
I10 = I5 + I6 = 4 + 1 = 5 A Ans.
The voltage across 6  resistor is V6 = 24 V = V1 – 10 × 5  V1 = 74 V
Now, consider the loop ABFE

If we apply Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law, we get

Vs = 5 – 30 – 24 = –49 V

SECTION (D)
D-2. (a) Req = R1 + R2 + R3 + r = 10 
 10
(b) i = R = = 1A
eq 10

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 640

 (c) V3 = 1 × 3 = 3 V, V4 = 1 × 4 = 4V, V2 = 1 × 2 = 2V
(d) Pconsumed = i = 10 × 1 = 10 W
(e) Pgenerated =i2r = 1 W inside the battery
(f) Poutput = ( – ir)i = 10 – 1 = 9 W
(g) Vbattery =  – ir = 9 V
(h) In series , P  R 4 consumes maximum power
(i) P3 = i2 R = 3 W.

D-4.

2 4
i1 = = 0.4 A i2 = = 0.5 A
5 8
(a) Vx + 3i1 + 4 – 3i2 = Vy
Vx – Vy = – 4 + 3 × 0.5 – 3 × 0.4
= – 4 + 1.5 – 1.2 = –3.7 V  potential difference = 3.7 V.
(b) Still same as No current flows in that cell
D-6. (i) Let RAB = x. Then, we can break one chain and connect a resistance of magnitude x in place of it.
Thus, the circuit remains as shown in figure.
A 1
2x
Now, 2 and x are in parallel. So, their combined resistance is
2x
2x 2 x
or RAB = 1 + 6V
2x
But RAB is a assumed to x. Therefore,
2x B
x=1+
2x
Solving this equation, we get
x=2
Hence proved.
2 2
(ii) Net resistance of circuit R = 1 + = 2
22
6
 Current through battery i = = 3A
2
This current is equally distributed in 2 and 2 resistances.
i
Therefore, the desired current is or 1.5 A.
2

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 641

 1 ( 2   )
D-8. VB = VE  =
3
2– = 3 – 2 2 – 4 + 2 = 0
4  16  8
=
2
=2– 2. (  < 2)

CE R CE  2 2 2 2 2 ( 2  1)
= R = = = =
DE DE 1  1 2  2 2 1 2 1
= 2 :1

180 60
D-10. case (a) Req = = 60  i= = 1 amp
3 60
180 60 2
case (b) Req = = 90  i= = amp
2 90 3
60 1
case (c) Req = 180 i=  amp
180 3

SECTION (E)
6E 62 12
E-1. (i) current i =   = 1.4 A
R  6r 8.5  6  0.015 8.59
12
(ii) terminal voltage V = iR = × 8.5 = 11.9 V
8.59

6 3

600 400  12  9  21
E-3. Eeq = 1 1 23 5 = 4.2 V Ans

600 400

1 1 1 23 5
     req = 240
req 600 400 1200 1200
short circuit current in AB
E eq 21/ 5 21
i = r  240  5  240 = 17.5 × 10–3 amp  i = 17.5 mA (from B to A) (B A )
eq

12 12
E-5. (a) i1 = =
2  0. 1 2.1

6 6 i1 12
i2 = = = 10 A  = = 0.57 Ans.
0.5  0.1 0.6 i2 2.1  10

12
(b) i1 = =4A
2 1
6 i1
i2 = = 4A  i2
=1 Ans.
0.5  1

12 12 6 6
(c) i1 = = =1A & i2 = =
2  10 12 0.5  10 10.5
i1 1  10.5
 i2
= = 1.75 Ans.
6

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 642

SECTION (F)
400  100
F-2. Reff = + 200 Reff = 280 
500
84 84 100  400
i= A. V= × = 24 V
280 280 500
84 84
(b) i = V= × 100 = 28 V
300 300
400  400
F-4. RGD = = 200
400  400
R
GE  EB R
Since R RDB it is the case of balanced Wheatstone bridge.
GD

300  300
Req = RGB = = 150
300  300
V 10 1
current I = R  
GB 150 15 amp

 1 20
Potential difference across voltmeter. =  200   100  volt
30 15 3
R(  –  ' )  70 – 60   70 9.5
F-6. r= = 9.5  60  = 9.5  60 – 1 = 
     6

x 30
F-8. = ........... (1)
y 70
x 30  10
= .............. (2)
 12 y  60
 
 12  y 
20 20
Solving (1) & (2) x =  & Y = 
7 3

PART - II
SECTION (A)

A-2. In the presence of an applied electric field ( E ) in a metallic conductor. The electrons also move randomly but

slowly drift in a direction opposite to E .
1 1
A-4.* In series current remain same  = neAv d , J = /A, for constant current v d  and J  .
A A
SECTION (B)
B-2. Copper is metal and germanium is semiconductor. Resistance of a metal decreases and that of a semicon-
ductor increases with decrease in temperature.

SECTION (C)
C-2. Given r i
 r = ki
V = E – ir = E – i(ki)
V = – i2 k + E
2
 E 
C-4. P = R5 R
 

dP
= 0 at R = 5, so power is maximum at R = 5
dR
Therefore increase continuously till R = 5.

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 643

 4.5 3

3 10  54
C-6. Eq = 1 1 13 = V

3 10

3  10 30
req =  
13 13

54 / 13 54 1
 
i = 6 30 108 2 amp.
13
1
V6 = i.R = × 6 = 3V
2
There fore current in 10 is zero.

SECTION (D)
D-2. Req = 7 + 4 + 9 = 20
V = IReq = 1 × 20 = 20 V
 20 20 
    20
2 3  50  20
D-4. Req =  =
20 20 110
  20
2 3
100
Req = 
11

V2 (10)2
P=  = 11 W .
R 100 / 11

( 220)2
D-6. R=
100

R 4 R 4 (220)2
Req = +R= 
3 3 300

V2 (220)2  300 300

P=   = 75 W
Req 4(220)2 4

V2 V2
D-8. In series , Req = 3 R P= = 10  = 30
3R R
in parallel Req = R/3

V2 3V 2
P=  = 3 × 30 = 90 W
R/3 R

D-10. For Pmax  r = Req , Req = R/3

R
0.1 =  R = 0.3 
3

D-12. Since,resistance in upper branch of the circuit is twice the resistance in lower branch. Hence, current there
will be half.
Now, P4 = (i/2)2 (4) (P = i2R)
2
P = (i) (5) 4 i/2 6
5

P4 1
or 
P5 5

P5 10
 P4 = = = 2 cal/s. 5 i
5 5
RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 644
 9  12 85
D-14. RAB = +7= Ans.
9  12 7
SECTION (E)
E-2. Assume M cells are connected correct and N cells connected wrong.
M + N = 12 .......(1)
3R
(M + 2) E – NE = 3R  M–N+2= ......(2)
E
2R
ME – (N + 2)E = 2R  M–N–2= ......(3)
E
from eq (1) and (2)
– M + N + 10 = 0  M – N = 10 ......(4)
from eq (1) and (2)
M = 11, N = 1
1   2   3 .....  (R1  R 2  R 3  .......)
E-4. i= =
R1  R 2  R 3  ....... R1  R 2  R 3  .......
i=. so that potential difference between any two points is zero

SECTION (F)
4 15
F-2. Req = 2 +  + RA = 9 + RA
2 3
V 10
= R  1 = 9R  RA = 1
eq A
if 4 replace by 2 resistance then
2 15
Req = 2 +  + 1 = 9
2 3
10
I= amp
9

F-4. For non ideal ammeter and voltmeter, ammeter have low resistance and voltmeter have high resistance.
Therefore the main current in the circuit will be v ery low and almost all current will flow through the
ammeter. It emf of cell is very high then current in ammeter is very high result of this current the devices
may get damaged. If devices are ideal that means resistance of voltmeter is infinity. so that current in
the circuit is zero. Therefore ammeter will read zero reading and voltmeter will read the emf of cell.
E1  E2 3
F-6. Case – I g = R  R  2r  1 = R  R  2r  Rg + R + 2r = 3 .......... (1)
g g
Case Eeq = E = 1.5 V
Eeq 1. 5
r 1.5
g = R  R  r  0.6 = Rg  R  r  Rg + R + = = 2.5....(2)
g 2 2 0.6
2
from eq (1) and (2)
3r 1
= 0.5  r= 
2 3

6  6 30
F-8.    R = 4
R x– R 20

PART - III
   
1. From relation J   E , the current density J at any point in ohmic resistor is in direction of electric field E at
that point. In space having non-uniform electric field, charges released from rest may not move along ELOF.
Hence statement 1 is true while statement 2 is false.

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 645

 Exercise # 2
PART - I

2. Let length of P =  meter Resistance of P =  .
A
Let length of Q = (1 –  ) meter
2 
Resistance of R =  A = 4
2 A

(1  )  1 4
Resistance of Q =  = 4  4 = 1 –  = 1–=
A A 5 5

Resistance of P  A 
1
5 1
= 1 = = 4 = Ans.
Resistance of Q ( A ) 1  5 4

Length of P  1
= = Ans.
Length of Q 1  4
i0 T
4. = q = Area
2
 t
(a) i = i0 1  
 T
2q
where i0 =
T
T
2
Heat =  i R dt
0

T 2
2 t
 i0 1   Rdt Solving it
0  T 

4Rq2
We get, H = .
3T
i0
(b) i =  Become half after every T time period.
2( t / T )
  i0
q =  idt =  t/T
dt
0 02

i0 T qn2
q= or i0 =
 n2 T

2
Heat =  i Rdt
0

 2
i0 qn2
=  2t / T
R dt 8i0 =
02 T
After solving,
q2R
H= n2 .
2T

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 646

6.  (by folding)

7 R8  R 7R U 15 U
Reft = 7 R  R = i= =
8 15 R eft 7R
8. (a) consider a spherical shell of thinckness dr of radius r.
rb
dr  dr   1 1
dR = 
4r 2
R=
4
r
ra
2 =
4
  
r 
 a rb 

Vab 4 Vab rb ra i Vab rb ra

(b) i = =  (r - r )  J= =
R b a 4r 2 r 2 (rb - ra )
Vab rb ra
(c) E = J = .
r 2 (rb - ra )
10. Applying Kirchhoff’s second law in loop ADBA :
2 – 2i1 – i1 –1 – 2(i1 – i2) = 0 .........(1)
Similarly applying Kirchhoff’s second law in loop BDCB
2(i1 – i2) + 3 – 3i2 – i2 – 1 = 0 .........(2)
Solving Equation (1) and (2) we get,
5 6 1
i1 = , i2 = and i1 – i2 = –
13 13 13
(i) Potential difference between B and D.
VB + 2(i1 – i2) = VD
2
 VB – VD = – 2(i1 – i2) = volt
13
6 21
(ii) VG = EG – i2rG = 3 – ×3= volt
13 13
6 19
VH = EH + i2rH = 1 + ×1= volt
13 13
12. As the ammeters A1 and A2 are ideal, potential drop across AB and AC are zero. Hence point B and C are
at equal potential, so there will be no current through A3.
I3 = 0
Resultant circuit may be drawn as
Applying KVL in the loop ABEFA
– 10 + i2 5 – 15 i1 + 20 = 0  3i1 – i2 = 2 ...(1)
Applying KVL in the loop BCDEB
8 – (i1 + i2) 3 – i2 5 + 10 = 0 3i1 + 8i2 = 18 ...(2)
16 34
i2 = Amp, i1 = Amp
9 27
82
Reading of ammeter A1 , i1 + i 2 = amp Ans.
27
34
Reading of ammeter A2 , i1 = amp Ans.
27
RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 647
  
14. (i) i = r  R  R 
1 2 2 / a2

  3  3
 Vmax = i (R1 + R2) =   
2  2 = Ans
2 / a  2a  4
  
(ii) From A to B potential drop is= irAB = 2
 =
2 / a 2a 2 4

 '  
distance from B point = 2
. 2
 =
2 / a a 4 2

 5
total length = 2 +  Ans
2 2

(iii) Let R =
2a2
apply KVL in loop ABCDA  – 3i1R = (i1 + i2)R ....(1)

applying KVL in loop EFDLE – i2R = (i1 + i2) R...(2)
2
from eq (1) and (2)
5
 = 7 (i + i ) R
2 1 2

 
i2 = 7 R where R = Ans.
2a2

PART - II
E E
2. VR = R = r
r R 1
R
R  0 VR = 0
& R  VR = E

4.

Potential at C point may be greater than potential at point B. Therefore current flow in resistance may be
from B to A.

r
6. req= r12 =
2

r
req = r34 =
2

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 648

8. case - I
30 1 30 3
current  =  amp 1 =  amp.
300 10 400 40

30
30 = ( – 1) RV  RV = = 1200
1 3
–
10 40

60 3
Case –  = 300  1200 = amp.
400  32
1200  300
0 300 = (– 0) 1200
1200 4 3 3
 0 = =   amp
1500 5 32 40
3 900
Reading of voltmeter = × 300 = = 22.5 V Ans
40 40
10. (i-ii)
V – 10 V – 6 V – 5
Apply KCL for circuit   =0
10 20 30
6V – 60 + 3V – 18 + 2V – 10 = 0
 11V = 88  V=8V Ans
10 – 8
current in resistance R 1 = = 0.2 amp
10
12. Case
For ideal voltmeter
E 3
V1 = . 3R = E = 0.75 E
4R 4
E 6
Case – II V2 = . 6R = E = 0.857 E
7R 7
E 2
Case – III V3 = . 2R = E = 0.666 E
3R 3

14.

due to input output symmetry potential at point 2, 4, 5, are equal and potential at point 3, 6, 8 are
equal

R R R 5
Req =    R
3 6 3 6

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 649

16. For maximum power across the resistance, R is equal to equivalent resistance of remaining resistance
R1 R 2
R=
R1  R 2

18. In semiconductor resistance decreases with increase in temperature. Therefore resistivity also de-
crease. In conducting solid, resistance increases with increase in temperature because the rate of
collisions between free electron and ions increases with increase of temperature. Both the statements
are true.

21. For max , Rh is minimum which is zero .

5.5
max = Amp.
20
for min , Rh is maximum which is 30 .
5 .5 5. 5
min =  Amp.
20  30 50
 min 5.5 20 2
=   Amp. Ans
 max 50 5.5 5

1  a r  ar  1   2   2
23. Reff =   = ar   =   ar..
4 2  4  2   8 

50
25. for 50 V, RV = = 1000 K in series
50  10 – 6
10
for 10 V, RV = = 200 K in series
50  10 – 6

100  50  10 –6
for 5 mA, R s=  1 in parallel
5  10 – 3

100  50  10 –6 1
for 10 mA, Rs = –3 =  in parallel
10  10 2
27. V = E – ir
from graph V = 10 – 5i  r = 5, E = 10V
E 10
i max =  = 2 amp
r 5

29. current i =
R r
cell generating power =i
 R
Heat produced in R at the rate = i 2R = iR. = i.
R r R r
r
Heat produced in r at the rate = i 2r = i .
R r

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 650

 PART - III

2.

short circuited resistor.

In a resistor current always flows from higher potential to lower potential.
In short circuited resistor or ideal cell, energy dissipated is always zero because in short circuited
resistor no current flow and in ideal cell no internal resistance.
Potential difference may be zero across a resistor, non-ideal cell or short circuited resistor.

PART - IV
1 - 3. As E 2 is increasing it's current also increases, So, increasing graph is of i 2 .
i 1 = 0.1A, E2 = 4V, i 2 = 0 0.1A
As ;
0.1 R1 + 0.1 R2 – E 1 = 0 + R1
E2 R2
0.1 R2 – 4 V = 0 4V – + 0.1A
R2 = 40  – E1

Now ; i 2 = 0.3A, i 1 = – 0.1 A, E 2 = 8V 0.2A

0.3A R1
8V 0.1A
40

Now ; 0.1 R1 +E1 – 8 = 0

When E 2 = 6V, current in E 1 is i 1 = 0 (from graph)
E1 = 6V
4
 R1 = = 20 
0.2
1
7._ The current through the galvanometer is ~ of total current, the S << G..
1000

Exercise # 3
PART - I
1. P = i2R
current is same, so PR
r 3r 2
In the 1st case it is , in 2nd case it is 3r, in 3rd case it is and in 4th case the net resistance is r..
3 2 3
R1 < R4 < R3 < R2
 P1 < P4 < P3 < P2
AC
2. The ratio will remain unchanged.
CB
5 4 3
4. RPR = r, RPQ = r and RRQ = r
11 11 11
 RPR is maximum .
Therefore, the correct option is (A)
5. BC, CD and BA are known resistance,
The unknown resistance is connected between A and D.
Hence, the correct option is (D)
7. (B) From Kirchoff’s junction law, current in 2 is zero, because 2 resistance is not a part of closed circuit.

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 651

8. i = ig + is .........(1)
i g G = i sS .........(2)

from (1) & (2) (putting ig = 0.1 mA, G = 100) we have

i = 100.1 mA

9. Reason  x = R
100  
dx d d (100   )
 = –
x  100  

dx d d
 = +
x  100  

dx 100 d
=
x (100   )
dx
% error in x = will be minimum when (100 – ) will be maximum i.e.  = 50 cm.
x

R1 A 2 r 2 1
10.   2 =
R 2 A 1 4r 4

V1 R1 1
  
V2 R 2 4
VBC = 4VAB
11. 2(100 – y) = xy
Also (100 – y) – y = 20
on solving y = 40 cm, x = 3 

12. The given three circuits R1, R2 and R3

are equivalent to the following three circuits.

32 32 32
P1 = =9W P2 = = 18 W P3 = = 4.5 W
1 1/ 2 2
P2 > P1 > P3
Ans. (C)

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 652

13. R 2 = 1X
 2R
X=
1
To keep same null point, means 1 and 2 are same. As
temperature increases value of unknown resistance
increases. To get same null point, R must be increased.
So statement 1 is wrong.
Statement-2 is true.
Ans. (D)

 6  1. 5  6 16
14*. Req =  7.5  2  = +2= k
  5 5

V 24 3
= R = × 5 mA = × 5 = 7.5 mA
eq 16 2
for potential difference across R1  V1 = 7.5 × 2 = 15 V
for potential difference across R2  V2 = 24 – 15 = 9 V
V12 V22 (15 )2 9 2 25
for power : PR1 : PR 2 = : = : =
R1 R2 2 6 3

V22 92
PRL  = = 54 mW
RL 1 .5
If R1 and R2 are interchanged
 (2) (1.5)  3
R´ = R1 || R2 =  2  1.5  =
  3.5

R´
V´L = × 24 V = 3 V
R2  R´

V ´L2 32
Now power dissipated in RL is P´L = = = 6 mW
RL 1 .5

l
15. R=
A
L 
R= =
tL t
Independent of L.
V2 1 100
16. 100 =  = 2
R'100 R'100 V
where R’100 is resistance at any temperature corresponds to 100 W

V2 1 60
60 =  = 2
R' 60 R' 60 V

V2 1 40
40 = = 2

R' 40 R' 40 V
From above equations we can say
1 1 1
> > .
R'100 R' 60 R' 40
So, most appropriate answer is option (D).

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 653

17. To verify Ohm's law one galvaometer is used as ammeter and other galvanometer is used as voltameter.
Voltameter should have high resistance and ammeter should have low resistance as voltameter is used in
parallel and ammeter in series that is in option (C).

18.

2
i=
2R
2
 2 
J1 =   R
2R
 

1 1
eq = 1 1 = 

1 1
1  2
req =  i= 1 =
2 R 2R 1
2
2
 2 
J2 =   R
 1  2R 
9
Given J1 = J
4 2
2 2
 2  9  2  2 3
   R=   R  =  2 + 4R = 6 + 3R
2R 4  1  2R  2R 1  2R
 R = 4.

E1 E 2 6 3
 
r1 r2 15
19.   1 2 = = 5 volt Ans.
1 1 1 1 3
 
r1 r2 1 2
20. Due to input and output symmetry P and Q and S and T have same potential.

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 654

 6  12
Req = = 4
18
12
1 = = 3A
4
 12 
2 =  6  12   3  2 = 2 A
 
VA – VS = 2 × 4 = 8V
VA – VT = 1 × 8 = 8V
VP = VQ  Current through PQ = 0 (A)
VP = VQ  VQ > VS (C)
I1 = 3A (B)
I2 = 2A (D)

PART - II
V 2 (220)2
1. R= 
P 1000
Where, V and P are denoting rated voltage and power respectively.
V 2 110  110
 Pconsumed =   1000 = 250 watt Ans.
R 220  220

3 3

2. i =  6  3  2 = 1.5 A Ans
63

9A S

3.
A
10A 1A
0.8 × 1 = 9 S  S = 0.09 Ans.
E
4. Potential gradient = V/cm
100
E
 e.m.f. of battery = 30 × Ans.
100

 2
5. R= =  R  2
A V
as   2
 R  4R
 % change in R = 300 % Ans.

6. Let time taken in boiling the water by the heater is t sec. Then
Pt
Q = msT  = msT
J
836
t = 1 × 1000 (40º – 10º)
4.2
836
t = 1000 × 30
4.2
1000  30  4.2
t= = 150 second Ans.
836

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 655

7.  2 and 6 are in paraIlel
3  (1.5  1.5) 3
 Req =  
3  (1.5  1.5) 2

6
i= R = 4A Ans.
eq

R1 R 2
8. R1 + R2 = S R1  R 2
=P

s = np  (R1 + R2)2 = n R1R2

 R1 R 2 
 n =  R  R  2 
 2 1 
 nmin = 2 + 2 = 4 Ans.
 1
 x    2 for x > 0
 x min
9.  : same
In parallel  i1 R1 = i2R2
i1 R 2   2 / A 2  2 r12
    
i2 R1   1 / A1  1 r22

1 4 r1 2
  and 
2 3 r2 3

i1 1
  Ans.
i2 3

x y
10.   4x = y
20 80
 New position of null point will be at the mid point.
11. Req = R1 + R1 + R R1 R2
2E B
 = E A E
R1  R 2  R
According to the questions, R
VA – VB = E – R2
0 = E – R2
E = R2
2E
E= .R2
R1  R 2  R
R1 + R2 + R = 2R2
 R= R2 – R1 Ans.
V2
12. H1 = t
R

V2
H2 = t
R/2
H2
 H1
=2  H2 = 2H1 Ans.

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 656

13. The internal resistance of the cell .
 1  2 
r =    R
 2 

240 – 120
= × 2= 2 Ans.
120

V2
14. P=
R

V2 200  200
 Rhot = = = 400 
P 100

400
Rcold = = 40  Ans.
10

15. g = 15 mA Vg = 75 mV
Vg
Galvanometer resistance, G =  = 5 G
g Ig R
Required. full scale deflection voltage = 150 V
 150 = g (R + G) 150V
 R = 9995  Ans.
 R 
16. VR = 2V =    12  R = 100 
 500  R  5  10 
15  30 450
17. R eq    10  10 
15  30 45
5 1 10  20 
i   0.5 amp
10 2
18. + 
5 volt
P R P R

S1
Q Q S
S2

P R P R S1  S 2 
  
Q S Q S1S 2
19. Let resistance of bulb filament is R0 at 0ºC, then from expression
R = R0 (1 + T)
 100 = R0 (1 + 0.005 × 100)
200 = R0 (1 + 0.005 × x)
where x is temperature in ºC at which resistance become 200 .
Dividing the above two equation
200 1  0.005 x
  x = 400 ºC Ans.
100 1  0.005  100
20. P = V2/R, putting values we get R = (22)2 ohm
When operated at 110 V, P = (110)2/R = 25 watt Ans.

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 657

21. B = 2A rB = 2rA

   B  A 1
  
RA = RB  A  A2 =   r 2   Ans.
 r  B
 B B 2
 A 

22. KCL is based on conservation of charge

and KVL is based on conservation of energy
23. Let R = R0 at 0ºC
5 = R0 (1 +  × 50) .......(i)
6 = R0 (1 +  × 100) ........(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii)  R0 = 4
55 R
24.   R = 220  Ans.
20 80

5 2
 – 
 2 1 2 1 2
25. Eeq =  1  V req =  
 1  2 1 3
 2 

Eeq
i = 10  r = 0.03 A from P2 to P1
eq

26. Let R be their individual resistance at 0ºC. Their resistance at any other temperature t is
R1 = R (1 + 1 t) and R2 = R (1 + 2 t).
In series
Rseries = R1 + R2 = R [2 +(1 + 2) .t]
 1   2 
= 2R 1  t .
 2 
1   2
Series =
2
In Parallel
R1  R 2 R(1  1t ) R(1   2 t )
RParallel = R  R = R(2     ) t )
1 2 1 2

R 2 (1  1   2 )t )
R 1  1   2 t 
   2   
2R(1  1 t) 2  2 
2
1   2
Parallel = .
2

27. R= ( V = A const.)
A
V = A
By differentiation 0 = dA + Ad ....(1)
( Ad  dA )
By differentiation dR = ....(2)
A2
2Ad
dR = 
A2
2d
dR =
A

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 658

 dR d
or  2.
R 
dR d
So, %  2. % = 2 × 0.1%
R 
dR
%  0.2% Ans.
R

V R R    
28. x= = =   =
   A A

0.2  4  10 7 0. 8
x= 7 = = 0.1 V/m.
8  10 8

220 220
29. As R1 =  220 and R =  220
25 2 100
R = R1 + R2
 1 1 
= 220 × 220   
 25 100 

1
= 220 × 220
20

440 40
 live = 220  220  A
220
20
 1st bulb (25 W) will fuse only

V2 240
30. P
R
120  120
R = 240 
60
Req. = 240 + 6 = 246  120V
240
V1 =  120 = 117.073 volt
246

60
120V
48
V2   120  106 .66 Volt
54 48
V1 – V2 = 10.04 Volt
Ans (3)

120Volt
31. Statements I is false and Statement II is true
Ans (4)

RESONANCE CURRENT ELECTRICITY - 659