Pipelines

Pipelines - a long tubular conduit or series of pipes, often underground, with pumps and valves
for flow control, used to transport crude oil, natural gas, water, etc., especially over
great distances.

Types and Applications

• According to commodity transported
1. water pipelines
2. sewage pipelines (sewers)
3. natural gas pipelines
4. oil pipelines

• According to Environment
1. offshore pipelines
2. inland pipelines
3. in-plant pipelines
4. mountain pipelines

• According to type of support/ burial

1. underground pipeline
2. aboveground pipeline or elevated pipeline
3. underwater pipeline

• According to material
1. steel pipeline
2. cast iron pipeline
3. plastic pipeline
4. concrete pipelines
According to Commodity Transported
• Sewage pipeline
a pipe used to carry waste matter such as faces or dirty water
from homes and factories.
• Natural gas pipeline
A Gas Pipeline is a pipe used to transport gas from gas wells to the processing units and
then to a distribution system. Natural gas is directly delivered to homes or businesses
through a broad network of Gas Pipelines. The Gas Pipelines are not only used to
transport the gas in the local areas but also across international borders, as they are very
useful to the countries that produce gas for export to other countries.
• Oil pipeline
a pipeline used to transport oil

According to Environment
• Offshore pipelines
is a pipeline that is laid on the seabed or below it inside a trench. In some cases,
the pipeline is mostly on-land but in places it crosses water expanses, such as small seas,
straits and rivers.
• Inland pipeline
Most of the pipeline are on land. It might be buried or elevated depending on the
soil type.
• In-plant pipeline
Means piping that is located on the grounds of a plant and used to transfer
hazardous liquid or carbon dioxide between plant facilities or between plant facilities and
a pipeline or other mode transportation.
• Mountain pipeline
This piping system are located at mountain ranges. It is used to transport
commodity with great distances or between boarders. The materials used are suitable for
the environment, and usually elevated for clearances for some land animals.
According to Type of Support/Burial
• Underground pipeline
The water distribution system of deep wells tube, which are usually owned by the
Government or cooperative or group farming societies, usually comprise of open
channels or buried pipes (underground pipe) with outlets at suitable points in the
command area. Buried pipeline water distribution systems,
• Elevated pipelines
Pipelines are elevated when the soil type or profile is not suitable for underground
piping system. It is also used when the soil can’t support the bearing stress caused by the
pipe.
• Submarine pipeline
these are pipelines constructed underwater. Materials used are suitable for water
exposure to prevent the ionization or rusting of the pipe and can endure the pressure
imposed by the water. Buoyant force is also considered to support the pipe.