Addis Ababa Science and Technology University

School Of Biological and Chemical Engineering

Post Graduate Program
Chemical Process and Product Design Stream

Course Name: Advanced Separation Process

Assignment 3

By: brhane Tsegay ID No. GSR 110/10

JULY 20, 2018

SUBMITTED TO: DR. GIRMA GONFA
 Entrainer Selection Approach (for azeotropic Distillation Column)
Addition of entrainer is used to break azeotrope of binary mixture which introducing it into a pure
component. A selection process of entrainer is different for different processes and which is
dominantly based on the type of entrainer used for operation and distillation process. Different
selection criteria are given to screen enterainer for all types (i.e. maximum, minimum and close
boiling) of azeotropic binary mixture in both homogenous and heterogeneous distillation and also
in reactive distillation. The feasibility of entertainer is determined by residue curve map (RCM)
technique. To determine feasibility using RCM, vapour liquid diagram is necessary to understand.
Entrainer is very important in distillation separation process. It plays a vital role in making a
boiling point difference in the components whereas a criterion for entrainer selection is dependent
on the behavior of the system.
Entrainer refers to the separating agent used to enhance the separation of close boilers or
azeotrope by azeotropic or extractive distillation. The entrainer are specific to the mixture, benzene
is used as entrainer for separating ethanol and water mixture but not for ethanol and ethyl methyl
ketone mixture (see below plotted RCM using aspen plus).
Distillation of azeotropic close boiling mixture consist of two or more component, in which
entrainer is added, enhances the separation of component.
Previously, several authors studied the different technique for entrainer selection for various types
of distillation which are discussed above. To break azeotrope to its pure component; the design of
distillation requires two steps. First step is selection of entrainer and second is synthesizing a
separation sequence for selected entrainer. Suitable entrainer is to be selected which leads to
feasible separation of azeotropic mixture. Small quantity of entrainer is able to enhance the relative
volatility of given component reduces the cost of separation.
Bernot et. al.( Rodriguez-Donis I., Gerbaud V., and Joulia X., 2001, “Entrainer Selection Rules
For the Separation of Azeotropic and Close-Boiling Temperature Mixtures by Homogeneous
Batch Distillation Process”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., pp. 2729-2741) proposed the criteria depending
upon the type of azeotropic mixture
A-B (i.e. maximum, minimum and close boiling) involved in the process. Application of
feasibility criteria defines the four general conditions to screen entrainer for separation of
minimum, maximum and close-boiling azeotropic binary mixture for batch distillation
a) No additional azeotrope is introduced.
b) A minimum-temperature binary azeotrope exists between Entrainer (E) and either A or
B component.
c) A maximum-temperature binary azeotrope exists between Entrainer (E) and either A or
B component.
d) There might be a ternary azeotrope.

Page | 1
 e) Above four rules are applied for homogenous batch distillation but for heterogeneous
batch distillation additional two rules are suggested by Rodriguez which are listed below.
f) E is not miscible with one of component of the original mixture (either A or B).
g) E forms minimum temperature heteroazeotrope with A or B.
Evolution of Feasibility of entrainer using RCM technique consists of step wise procedure which
is explained briefly. First construct the RCM for given multicomponent mixture consisting of
azeotropic component and the given candidate entrainer. Next, check the phase behaviour of the
system, whether it is liquid-liquid or vapour-liquid phase. The tie-lines indicate the two phase
compositions. Then draw an envelope over the RCM composition space, superimposing the
composition scale rather than temperature scale.
There are some criteria to evaluate the feasibility of entrainer using RCM techniques which are
given below
1. Arrange the list of components and candidate entrainer
2. Prepare an RCM for each candidate entrainer: To construct RCM for the system of A, B, and
the candidate entrainer, requires thermodynamic physical property.
a. If it is not available then modelled using UNIFAC, provided the predictions are in
agreement with available azeotrope data.
b. If no physical property model is available, then construct RCM using available
azeotropic temperature, composition (approximate), and solubility (approximate) data.
c. If neither physical property nor azeotropic data available then required information can
be calculated using guessing or calculated experimentally.
3. Determine the feasibility of candidate entrainer from the structure of the RCM:-
a) The entrainer does not divide components (A and B) to be separated into different
distillation regions.
b) The entrainer induces liquid-liquid phase separation; there exists liquid liquid
equilibrium tie line crossing distillation boundary.
4. Evaluate all separation sequences: - number of distillation column with decanters and also their
interconnections from the RCM of system for all feasible entrainer.
5. Determine the most promising entrainer for given feasibility conditions.
6. Design, stimulate and optimize separation sequences.

Page | 2
We have mentioned one example for understanding the RCM plot for dimethoxyethane /ethanol
mixture separation using water as an entrainer.

Figure 1: RCM plot for water-ethanol-DEM system

The system consists of three binaries azeotropes and a ternary azeotrope with three distillation
boundaries and multiple liquid phase regions. In this process, a minimum boiling homogeneous
azeotrope is breakdown by means of water.

Preparation of residual curve for some selective entrainer using aspen plus
technology
for separating ethanol-water azeotropic mixture and methanol- water azeotropic mixture using
different entrainrs I prepare different residual curve map (RCM) for each candidate entrainer using
aspen plus software.

Page | 3
 1. Water -Ethanol ,Benzene
Residue curve for WATER/ETHANOL/BENZENE

0.05 0.95 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.10 0.90
Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.15 0.85 Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.20 0.80
Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75 Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.30 0.70 Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Mo
NE
Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ZE

l ef
0.35 0.65

BEN

ra c
Curve 10.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

ETH
0.40 0.60 Curve 11.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

ra c
l ef

AN
Curve 12.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )
0.45 0.55

Mo

OL
0.50 0.50

0.55 0.45

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Stable node 78.31 C
BENZENE BENZENE Stable node 80.13 C

3 Azeotropes found

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

Page | 4
 Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 55.66 C
Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
02 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.4242 0.1452
BENZENE 0.5758 0.8548

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 67.39 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
03 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
ETHANOL 0.4506 0.3260
BENZENE 0.5494 0.6740

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Ternary plot

ETHANOL(78.31 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9 78.04 C

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5
67.39 C

0.4

0.3 63.75 C

0.2

0.1

BENZENE 69.02 C WATER

(80.13 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

Page | 5
 AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Stable node 78.31 C
BENZENE BENZENE Stable node 80.13 C

4 Azeotropes found

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 67.39 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
ETHANOL 0.4506 0.3260
BENZENE 0.5494 0.6740

Number Of Components: 3 Temperature 63.75 C

Heterogeneous Classification: Unstable node
MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
02 WATER 0.1926 0.0600
ETHANOL 0.2714 0.2162
BENZENE 0.5360 0.7239

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
03 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 69.02 C

Heterogeneous Classification: Saddle
04 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.2959 0.0884

Page | 6
 BENZENE 0.7041 0.9116

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

2. Water-Ethanol ,Methyl ethyl ketone (methy 01)

Residue curve for WATER/ETHANOL/METHY-01

0.05 0.95 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

0.10 0.90 Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.15 0.85
Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.20 0.80 Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75 Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.30 0.70
-01

Mo
Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
HY

l ef
0.35 0.65 Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
T

ra c
ME

Curve 10.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

ETH
0.40 0.60
ra c

Curve 11.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

AN
l ef

0.45 0.55 Curve 12.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

Mo

OL
0.50 0.50 Curve 13.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

0.55 0.45

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Saddle 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Saddle 78.31 C
METHY-01 Stable node 78.31 C

The Azeotrope

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

01 Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS

Page | 7
 WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

t© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Ternary plot

ETHANOL(78.31 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9 78.04 C

0.8

0.7

0.6

73.33 C
0.5

0.4
72.92 C
0.3

0.2

0.1

METHY-01 73.64 C WATER

(79.34 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C

Page | 8
ETHANOL ETHANOL Stable node 78.31 C
METHY-01 METHYL-ETHYL-KETONE Stable node 79.34 C

4 Azeotropes found

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

Number Of Components: 3 Temperature 72.92 C

Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
02 WATER 0.1384 0.0445
ETHANOL 0.3310 0.2723
METHY-01 0.5306 0.6832

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 73.64 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
03 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.3075 0.0999
METHY-01 0.6925 0.9001

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 73.33 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
04 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
ETHANOL 0.5057 0.3953
METHY-01 0.4943 0.6047

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Page | 9
3. Water-ethanol ,acetone
Residue curve for WATER/ETHANOL/ACETONE

0.05 0.95

0.10 0.90 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.15 0.85
Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.20 0.80 Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75 Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.30 0.70

Mo
NE

Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ETO

l ef
0.35 0.65 Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ra c
AC

Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ETH
0.40 0.60
ra c

Curve 10.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

AN
l ef

0.45 0.55
Mo

OL
0.50 0.50

0.55 0.45

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Stable node 78.31 C
ACETONE ACETONE Saddle 56.14 C

2 Azeotropes found

Page | 10
 Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C
Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 56.09 C

Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
02 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.0213 0.0067
ACETONE 0.9787 0.9933

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Ternary plot

ETHANOL(78.31 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9 78.04 C

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

ACETONE56.09 C WATER
(56.14 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Page | 11
 Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Stable node 78.31 C
ACETONE ACETONE Saddle 56.14 C

2 Azeotropes found

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 56.09 C

Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
02 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.0213 0.0067
ACETONE 0.9787 0.9933

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

4. Water-ethanol, N-butanol

Page | 12
 Residue curve for WATER/ETHANOL/N-B UT-01

0.05 0.95 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.10 0.90
Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.15 0.85 Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

0.20 0.80 Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75 Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.30 0.70 Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Mo
T-0
Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

l ef
BU
0.35 0.65

ra c
Curve 10.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

N-

ETH
0.40 0.60 Curve 11.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

ra c
l ef

AN
0.45 0.55 Curve 12.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

Mo

OL
0.50 0.50

0.55 0.45

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Saddle 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Saddle 78.31 C
N-BUT-01 Stable node 78.31 C

The Azeotrope

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Ternary plot

Page | 13
 ETHANOL(78.31 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9 78.04 C

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

N-BUT-01 92.91 C WATER

(117.75 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Saddle 78.31 C
N-BUT-01 N-BUTANOL Stable node 117.75 C

2 Azeotropes found

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

01 Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS

Page | 14
 WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 92.91 C

Heterogeneous Classification: Saddle
02 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.7568 0.4307
N-BUT-01 0.2432 0.5693

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

5. Water-ethanol, methyl cyclopentane

Residue curve for WATER/ETHANOL/METHY-01

0.05 0.95

0.10 0.90 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.15 0.85
Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.20 0.80 Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

0.25 0.75 Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.30 0.70
-01

Mo
Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
HY

l ef
0.35 0.65 Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
T

ra c
ME

Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ETH
0.40 0.60
ra c

Curve 10.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

AN
l ef

0.45 0.55 Curve 11.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

Mo

OL
0.50 0.50 Curve 12.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

0.55 0.45

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Saddle 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Saddle 78.31 C
METHY-01 Stable node 78.31 C

Page | 15
 The Azeotrope

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Ternary plot

ETHANOL(78.31 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9 78.04 C

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4
59.67 C

0.3
58.01 C

0.2

0.1

METHY-01 63.37 C WATER

(71.81 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Page | 16
 Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Stable node 78.31 C
METHY-01 METHYLCYCLOPENTANE Stable node 71.81 C

4 Azeotropes found

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 59.67 C

Heterogeneous Classification: Saddle
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
ETHANOL 0.3575 0.2335
METHY-01 0.6425 0.7665

Number Of Components: 3 Temperature 58.01 C

Heterogeneous Classification: Unstable node
MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
02 WATER 0.1264 0.0344
ETHANOL 0.2501 0.1738
METHY-01 0.6235 0.7918

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
03 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 63.37 C

Heterogeneous Classification: Saddle
04 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.2301 0.0601
METHY-01 0.7699 0.9399

Page | 17
 © Aspen Technology, Inc.

6. Water ethanol, hexane

Residue curve for WATER/ETHANOL/HEXANE

0.05 0.95

0.10 0.90 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.15 0.85
Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.20 0.80 Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75 Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.30 0.70

Mo
Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

E
AN

l ef
0.35 0.65 Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ra c
HE
Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ETH
0.40 0.60

ra c
Curve 10.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

l ef

AN
0.45 0.55

Mo
Curve 11.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

OL
0.50 0.50 Curve 12.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

0.55 0.45

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Saddle 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Saddle 78.31 C
HEXANE Stable node 78.31 C

The Azeotrope

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

Page | 18
 © Aspen Technology, Inc.

Ternary plot

ETHANOL(78.31 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9 78.04 C

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4
58.17 C
0.3
56.44 C
0.2

0.1

HEXANE 61.21 C WATER

(68.73 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
ETHANOL ETHANOL Stable node 78.31 C
HEXANE N-HEXANE Stable node 68.73 C

4 Azeotropes found

Page | 19
 Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 58.17 C
Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
ETHANOL 0.3361 0.2130
HEXANE 0.6639 0.7870

Number Of Components: 3 Temperature 56.44 C

Heterogeneous Classification: Unstable node
MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
02 WATER 0.1200 0.0315
ETHANOL 0.2314 0.1551
HEXANE 0.6486 0.8134

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 78.04 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
03 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1067 0.0446
ETHANOL 0.8933 0.9554

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 61.21 C

Heterogeneous Classification: Saddle
04 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.2083 0.0521
HEXANE 0.7917 0.9479

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

For Component 2 (water -methanol)

1. Water- methanol, aniline

Page | 20
 Residue curve for ANILINE/WATER/METHANOL

0.05 0.95

0.10 0.90 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.15 0.85 Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.20 0.80 Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75
Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

L
0.30 0.70

NO
Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Mo
HA
0.35 0.65

l ef
ME

ra c
0.40 0.60

ra c

WA
l ef
0.45 0.55

TER
Mo
0.50 0.50

0.55 0.45

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac ANILINE

Valid
2. Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

ANILINE ANILINE Stable node 183.88 C
WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
METHANOL METHANOL Unstable node 64.53 C

The Azeotrope

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 97.97 C

Homogeneous Classification: Saddle
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
ANILINE 0.0813 0.3139
WATER 0.9187 0.6861

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Ternary plot

Page | 21
 WATER(100.02 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)
98.98 C

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

METHANOL ANILINE
(64.53 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (183.88 C)

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

ANILINE ANILINE Stable node 183.88 C
WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
METHANOL METHANOL Unstable node 64.53 C

The Azeotrope

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 98.98 C

01 Heterogeneous Classification: Saddle
MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS

Page | 22
 ANILINE 0.0427 0.1872
WATER 0.9573 0.8128

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

2. Water-methanol, benzene
Residue curve for WATER/METHANOL/BENZENE

0.05 0.95 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

0.10 0.90 Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.15 0.85 Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.20 0.80 Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75
Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Mo
0.30 0.70 Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
NE

l ef
ZE

Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ra c
0.35 0.65
BEN

Curve 10.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

ME
0.40 0.60
ra c

T
Curve 11.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

HA
l ef

NO
0.45 0.55 Curve 12.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )
Mo

L
Curve 13.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )
0.50 0.50
Curve 14.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )
0.55 0.45 Curve 15.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )
0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Unstable node 100.02 C
METHANOL Stable node 100.02 C

No Azeotropes Were Found

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Page | 23
 Ternary plot

METHANOL(64.53 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9

0.8

0.7

57.69 C
0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

BENZENE 69.02 C WATER

(80.13 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
METHANOL METHANOL Saddle 64.53 C
BENZENE BENZENE Stable node 80.13 C

2 Azeotropes found

01 Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 69.02 C

Page | 24
 Heterogeneous Classification: Saddle
MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.2959 0.0884
BENZENE 0.7041 0.9116

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 57.69 C

Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
02 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
METHANOL 0.5904 0.3716
BENZENE 0.4096 0.6284

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

3. Water-methanol, acetone
Residue curve for WATER/METHANOL/ACETONE

0.05 0.95

0.10 0.90

0.15 0.85 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.20 0.80
Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75 Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Mo
0.30 0.70 Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
NE

l ef
Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
ETO

ra c
0.35 0.65
Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
AC

ME
0.40 0.60 Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
ra c

T HA
l ef

Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

NO
0.45 0.55
Mo

L
0.50 0.50

0.55 0.45

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIQUAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Saddle 100.02 C
METHANOL METHANOL Unstable node 64.53 C

Page | 25
 ACETONE Stable node 64.53 C

No Azeotropes Were Found

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

METHANOL(64.53 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3
55.24 C
0.2

0.1

ACETONE WATER
(56.14 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIQUAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
METHANOL METHANOL Saddle 64.53 C

Page | 26
 ACETONE ACETONE Saddle 56.14 C

The Azeotrope

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 55.24 C

Homogeneous Classification: Unstable node
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
METHANOL 0.2225 0.1364
ACETONE 0.7775 0.8636

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

4. Water-methanol, cyclopentane
Residue curve for WATER/METHANOL/CYCLO-01

0.05 0.95

0.10 0.90 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

0.15 0.85 Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.20 0.80
Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75 Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Mo
0.30 0.70
01

l ef
Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
O-

ra c
0.35 0.65
CL

Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

CY

ME
0.40 0.60 Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
ra c

T HA
Curve 10.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )
l ef

NO
0.45 0.55
Mo

Curve 11.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

L
0.50 0.50 Curve 12.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )
0.55 0.45 Curve 13.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Saddle 100.02 C

Page | 27
 METHANOL METHANOL Unstable node 64.53 C
CYCLO-01 Stable node 64.53 C

No Azeotropes Were Found

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Ternary plot

METHANOL(64.53 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

39.87 C
0.3

0.2

0.1

CYCLO-01 46.01 C WATER

(49.27 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

Page | 28
WATER WATER Stable node 100.02 C
METHANOL METHANOL Saddle 64.53 C
CYCLO-01 CYCLOPENTANE Stable node 49.27 C

2 Azeotropes found

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 46.01 C

Heterogeneous Classification: Saddle
01 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
WATER 0.1003 0.0278
CYCLO-01 0.8997 0.9722

Number Of Components: 2 Temperature 39.87 C

Heterogeneous Classification: Unstable node
02 MOLE BASIS MASS BASIS
METHANOL 0.3072 0.1684
CYCLO-01 0.6928 0.8316

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

5. Water- methanol, N-butanol

Residue curve for WATER/METHANOL/N-BUT-01

0.05 0.95

0.10 0.90

0.15 0.85 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

0.20 0.80 Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75 Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Mo

0.30 0.70 Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

1
T-0

l ef

Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ra c
BU

0.35 0.65
Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
N-

ME

0.40 0.60 Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ra c

T HA
l ef

Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

NO

0.45 0.55
Mo

Curve 10.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

L

0.50 0.50 Curve 11.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

0.55 0.45

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Page | 29
 Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Saddle 100.02 C
METHANOL METHANOL Unstable node 64.53 C
N-BUT-01 Stable node 64.53 C

No Azeotropes Were Found

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Ternary plot

METHANOL(64.53 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

N-BUT-01 92.91 C WATER

(117.75 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

6. Water-ethanol, hexane

Page | 30
 Residue curve for WATER/METHANOL/HEXANE

0.05 0.95

0.10 0.90

0.15 0.85 Curve 1.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Curve 2.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.20 0.80 Curve 3.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
0.25 0.75 Curve 4.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)
Curve 5.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

Mo
0.30 0.70
Curve 6.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

l ef
AN

ra c
0.35 0.65 Curve 7.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

X
HE

ME
0.40 0.60 Curve 8.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

ra c

T HA
Curve 9.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar)

l ef

NO
0.45 0.55

Mo
Curve 10.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )

L
0.50 0.50 Curve 11.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )
Curve 12.0 (PRES = 1.01325 bar )
0.55 0.45

0.60 0.40

0.65 0.35

0.70 0.30

0.75 0.25

0.80 0.20

0.85 0.15

0.90 0.10

0.95 0.05

0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Molefrac WATER

AZEOTROPE SEARCH REPORT

Physical Property Model: UNIFAC Valid Phase: VAP-LIQ

Mixture Investigated For Azeotropes At A Pressure Of 101325 N/SQM

Comp ID Component Name Classification Temperature

WATER WATER Saddle 100.02 C
METHANOL METHANOL Unstable node 64.53 C
HEXANE Stable node 64.53 C

No Azeotropes Were Found

© Aspen Technology, Inc.

Page | 31
METHANOL(64.53 C)
Ternary Map (Mole Basis)

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

49.71 C
0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

HEXANE 61.21 C WATER

(68.73 C) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 (100.02 C)

Page | 32