General Function Description: Scrubber Exhaust Gas Cleaning System

Scrubber Exhaust Gas Cleaning System
General Function Description
Yara Marine Technologies
1
Revision B December 29 2017
Revision History
Rev Date Reason for issue Prepared Checked Approved
00 27.04.2015 Issued for information RO OL RO OL TO LU
A 01.07.2016 Updated with latest RO OL RO OL TO LU
info.
B 29.12.2017 MgO and filtration KE CH RO OL RO OL
section updated, NaOH
section added
Contact Information
E-mail: info@yaramarine.com
Web: www.yaramarine.com
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Yara Marine Technologies.
This disclaimer and copyright notice is subject to and governed by Norwegian law.
Copyright © Yara Marine Technologies
2
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................... 4
2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................................................................. 5
2.1 SEA WATER INTAKE .................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 WASHWATER PROCESS PUMP ...................................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 WASHWATER FLOW .................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.4 VALVES ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.5 SCRUBBER TOWER ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.6 HIGH LEVEL SWITCHES ............................................................................................................................................... 6
2.7 WASHWATER PRESSURE SENSORS .............................................................................................................................. 7
2.8 WASHWATER TEMPERATURE ...................................................................................................................................... 7
2.9 EXHAUST GAS BACKPRESSURE ................................................................................................................................... 7
2.10 EXHAUST GAS TEMPERATURE ................................................................................................................................ 7
2.11 DEMISTER............................................................................................................................................................... 8
2.11.1 Cleaning of Demister ................................................................................................................................... 8
2.12 COOLING OF WASHWATER (HYBRID SYSTEMS) ..................................................................................................... 9
2.13 FILTRATION OF WASHWATER (HYBRID SYSTEMS) ............................................................................................... 10
2.13.1 Ultra Filtration Unit .................................................................................................................................. 11
2.13.2 Separation of Washwater ........................................................................................................................... 13
2.14 PH TREATMENT OF WASHWATER - MGO MIXING UNIT ....................................................................................... 14
2.14.1 Caustic Soda Unit (Option) ........................................................................................................................ 16
2.15 SCRUBBER CONTROL SYSTEM (SCS-1) ................................................................................................................ 17
2.15.1 Distributed I/O cabinets ............................................................................................................................. 17
2.15.2 SCS-1  Frequency Converters ................................................................................................................ 18
2.15.3 SCS-1  MAS ............................................................................................................................................ 18
2.15.4 SCS-1  CEMS ......................................................................................................................................... 19
2.16 SAFETY SYSTEM ................................................................................................................................................... 20
2.16.1 Description of shutdown philosophy .......................................................................................................... 20
2.16.2 Emergency Stop buttons ............................................................................................................................. 20
2.17 OPERATION PROCEDURE ....................................................................................................................................... 21
2.17.1 Auto Remote ............................................................................................................................................... 21
2.17.2 Auto Local .................................................................................................................................................. 22
2.17.3 Manual ....................................................................................................................................................... 22
2.18 DATA RECORDING AND PROCESSING DEVICE ........................................................................................................ 23
2.18.1 Data Logger ............................................................................................................................................... 23
3 LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................. 24
3
1 Introduction
The emissions from shipping make an increasingly conspicuous contribution to air quality in areas with
heavy traffic. It has been estimated that 10% of Sulphur dioxide emissions originating from human activities
come from international shipping. Global regulations are therefore entering into force, restricting emissions
from shipping. The strictest Sulphur emission limits will be found within Emission Control Areas (ECA).
Scrubber systems are a diverse group of air pollution control devices that can be used to remove particles
and neutralize gaseous impurities from combustion exhaust gases. Traditionally, scrubbers have referred to
pollution control devices that use liquid to “scrub” unwanted pollutants from a gas stream. Scrubbers are
one of the primary devices that control gaseous emissions, especially acid gases.
The GTM Scrubber is of the wet Scrubber type, where dirty exhaust gas stream is brought into contact with
the scrubbing liquid by spraying it with washwater (seawater, which may contain additives).
The Scrubber is designed to collect particulates and gaseous pollutants in the scrubbing washwater.
Droplets that are in the flue gas can then be separated from the clean exhaust stream by means of another
device referred to as Demister, leaving only cleaned outflow gas in the exhaust duct.
The resultant scrubbing washwater may be treated prior to any ultimate discharge or recycled in the process.
The configuration of scrubber and scrubbing system are designed to provide good contact between the
washwater and the exhaust gas stream.
If the washwater is taken from a ships sea chest, pumped through a Scrubber, and then (after neutralizing
SOx emissions in the exhaust gases), drained overboard, this is called an open loop system.
Open loop systems use seawater´s natural buffering capacity (alkalinity), to neutralize the Sulphur content
in the fuel.
If the washwater is taken from a ships (process-washwater) tank, pumped through a Scrubber, and (after
treatment such as filtering), circulated without any discharge overboard, this is called a closed loop system.
Filtering (or Separator) technology and alkali –dosing, is used to preserve the cleaning properties of the
washwater.
If some amount of cleaned washwater is pumped overboard from a tank during closed loop running, the
system is in a so called “Bleed Off” –mode. This mode is applied outside a zero discharge area and is always
supervised by the EGC system.
Systems designed for both open loop and closed loop, are sometimes referred to as hybrid –systems.
4
2 Functional description
The figure below shows a principle layout of a Scrubber system as seen from the systems HMI (Human-
Machine Interface) display.
Sea water is pumped to the Scrubber Tower from the sea chest, via the washwater process pump marked
no1.
The washwater is entering the Scrubber Tower through the remote controlled valves marked no.2.
During the scrubbing process, SOx and harmful gases are neutralized and mixed with sea water.
Cleaned exhaust gas passes through the exhaust duct to the atmosphere.
The contents of the exhaust gas is measured using the Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS).
The washwater inside the Scrubber Tower is drained out through the remote controlled drain valves, marked
no.3.
Inlet and discharge water quality is measured continuously using the Water Monitoring Unit
(WMU, measuring: Turbidity and PAH), marked no.4 and pH measurement (no 5).
2 3
10
11
1
Figure 2-1: An example of a functional description of the scrubber cleaning process.
5
2.1 Sea Water Intake
Sea water is taken from a sea chest, passes sea valve(s), through a strainer, to supply the washwater process
pump(s) (Figure 2-1).
2.2 Washwater Process pump

The washwater process pump (1) is of the centrifugal type and is controlled by a frequency converter.
A software regulator in the Scrubber Control System (SCS), is regulating the speed of the pump continuously
to ensure sufficient water pressure to the Scrubber Tower. The process value (PV) to the regulator is given
from the pressure sensor marked with no. 6, the setpoint (SP) to the regulator is tuned during commissioning.
2.3 Washwater Flow

Washwater flow is calculated and based on the pressure in the nozzles and the type of nozzles in the
Scrubber.
2.4 Valves
The scrubber inlet valves (2) are remote controlled valves. The opening and closing of the valves are
controlled by the engine load, of the engine connected to the scrubber. As the engine load is increasing more
inlet valves may be opened, and when the engine load is decreasing, some inlet valves may be closed. This
to ensure that enough water is provided for the scrubbing process and the scrubbing process is functioning
under optimal conditions, (opening and closing limits for inlet valves are tuned during commissioning).
The scrubber drain valves (3), are remote controlled valves and they have to be opened all the time when the
scrubber is running, so the scrubbing washwater can be drained from the Scrubber Tower.
Manual valves are fitted to isolate the system during maintenance activities. There is no manual operation
of valves during normal conditions.
2.5 Scrubber Tower

The Scrubber Tower has 2 chambers to handle particle and SOx removal.
Lances with nozzles are placed in these chambers to spray the exhaust gases with washwater.
If desired the scrubber can be switched off outside of an Emission Control Area and run in “dry mode”,
functioning as a silencer only.
2.6 High Level Switches

Each Scrubber is equipped with 2 high level switches (no. 10), located in the lower chamber. These switches
are used to protect the system from water build up in the scrubber.
In the event of a high liquid level in the scrubber, the switches will activate the Emergency Shutdown
System.
Each high level switch has two relay contacts. One is used for the hardwired circuit to disable the frequency
converter and the other is used for indication to the Scrubber Control System (SCS), for a software shutdown
initiation and alarm indication on the HMI.
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2.7 Washwater Pressure Sensors
Pressure sensors (no. 6) are used to monitor pressure in the washwater pipelines for a safe and efficient
cleaning process, and to make adjustments of the process easier.
2.8 Washwater Temperature

The temperature of the washwater is measured continuously using PT100 temperature sensors (no 11).
2.9 Exhaust Gas Backpressure

Before and after each scrubber, exhaust gas pressure sensors (8), are installed to monitor the exhaust gas
pressure. The pressure drop across the Scrubber Tower is calculated.
If the pressure drop is exceeding the alarm limit, an alarm is triggered to notify the operator.
2.10 Exhaust Gas Temperature

Before and after each scrubber, exhaust gas temperature sensors (9) are installed to monitor the temperature.
If the temperature is exceeding the alarm limit, an alarm is triggered to notify the operator.
7
2.11 Demister
Scrubber vessels generate relatively large water droplets that are entrained in the gas stream. Most of these
droplets contain captured particles that must be removed from the gas stream prior to discharge to the
atmosphere. The Demister consists of profiles, of a vane type, placed in a framework. In addition to
minimizing the carry-over of droplets (containing solids), to the atmosphere, it also protects the exhaust duct
from corrosive droplets and minimizes the amount of washwater lost from the system. The Demister is
placed at the top in the Scrubber Tower
2.11.1 Cleaning of Demister

The demister cleaning system is used to remove accumulated solids like soot particles and salt from the
surface of the Demister. During a demister cleaning, several spray nozzles, located in the top of the scrubber,
spray the Demister with fresh water of moderate pressure. A cleaning sequence is automatically initiated
after every stop of the scrubber. The cleaning pump, marked no.1 below, is frequency controlled, to insure
constant pressure at the scrubber inlet, if the scrubbers are installed at different heights.
The remote controlled valve marked no.2 below, will open, the cleaning pump will start and the Demister
will be cleaned for approximately two minutes.
The pump speed and the cleaning time will be tuned during the commissioning of the system.
The scrubber drain valves marked no.3 below, have to be open during the whole cleaning sequence.
After a period of dry running, there will be much more soot particles accumulated in the demister.
The demister cleaning water will be processed onboard.
Figure 2-2: Example of a HMI function diagram, describing the demister cleaning process.
Operation of each scrubber is possible from the HMI, located in the Engine Control Room (ECR). All
process values and status of valves and pumps, can be viewed at all time.
8
2.12 Cooling of Washwater (Hybrid Systems)
In closed loop mode, the washwater is recirculated in the system. The heat buildup of the washwater during
this recirculation needs to be cooled down by heat-exchanger(s) (marked no. 2 below). Cooling pump(s)
(marked no. 1 below), controlled by the Scrubber Control System (SCS), supplies the heat exchangers with
sea water.
The max cooling water flow through each heat exchanger is calculated to cool down the washwater for
efficient operation. The lower the temperature of the washwater the greater the SOx solubility.
In order to conserve energy, the coolers are by-passed, when not in operation.
Figure 2-3: Example of a HMI function diagram describing the washwater cooling process.
9
2.13 Filtration of Washwater (Hybrid Systems)
Accumulation of contaminants in the washwater during closed loop running is prevented by filtering (or
separating), the washwater. An Ultra Filtration Unit (marked no. 1 below) can be used for this filtration.
To achieve maximum efficiency of the system, part of the washwater is pumped through the filtration unit,
to be discharged into a Holding tank or pumped overboard (“Bleed Off” –mode).
“Bleed off” is possible also within ECA -areas, if a Magnesium Oxide (MgO) mixing unit (marked no. 2)
is used, since pH then is neutralized with the dosing of Magnesium Oxide. This sort of very limited
discharge overboard, is called: “Bleed Off -mode”. The “bleed off” discharched washwater is replaced by
more sea water from the sea water intake.
When in a port or in a zero discharge area, a “port mode” can be activated. Washwater is being cleaned
and recirculated but nothing will be discharged into the sea (all will stay onboard).
This is called: “Zero Discharge -mode”. Eventually this will impinge on the filtering capacity and after a
certain amount of time (dependant of the capacity of the system), the circulating washwater needs to be
discharged and replaced by new sea water from the sea water intake.
When the ship is out to sea; the washwater process tank may be emptied.
Figure 2-4: Example of a HMI function diagram describing the filtering (and MgO mixing) process.
10
2.13.1 Ultra Filtration Unit
The purpose of the Ultra Filtration (UF) -unit is to remove suspended solids in the washwater.
Installed before the ceramic membrane filters, a Y-type strainer with an 800 µm screen is used as a safety,
to protect the ceramic membranes filters from large particles. The Y-strainer can be by-passed during
cleaning.
The silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic filter membranes, reduces the turbidity of the washwater significantly,
and typical turbidity levels in filtered water are about 5 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units). Separation
is based on size exclusion and the ceramic membranes acts as a physical barrier to suspended solids. The
SiC membrane filters are also oil resistant.
Figure 2-5: Example of a SiC membrane filter unit.
An automatic Cleaning In Place (CIP) unit is usually integrated in the system. This unit is able to perform a
complete cleaning of the SiC -membrane filters. This CIP –unit is equipped with a tank and dosing pumps
(for cleaning chemicals). The CIP will clean the membrane filters one at a time, maintaining filtering
capacity through the other filters throughout the cleaning cycle.
Figure 2-6: Example of a polymer concentrate tank (polymer dosing ahead of Filter Press).
11
To minimize the sludge produced by the filters, a Filter Press is installed. A polymer is dosed ahead of the
Filter Press in order to flocculate particles in the water. The polymer has the capability to attach to the particles
due to charge differences and bridge the particles together. This results in the formation of large, stable flocks
that can subsequently be dewatered in the Filter Press. The resulting thick compressed material (“cake”), falls
into a big bag below and is stored until the ship call at a harbor with sludge handling facilities. The Filter Press
is fully integrated in the filtration system and works automatically.
Figure 2-7: Example of a Filter Press unit.
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2.13.2 Separation of Washwater
As an alternative to filters, separators can be used to clean the wash water from small particles.
Figure 2-8: Example of a HMI function diagram describing the separator (and MgO mixing) process.
Figure 2-9: Example of Separator units.
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2.14 pH treatment of Washwater - MgO Mixing Unit
(Hybrid systems)
An alkali mixing and dosing unit is provided and integrated in the EGC –systems intended for closed loop
operation. Magnesium Oxide powder (MgO), is used as alkali. MgO powder is supplied in Big-Bags form, and
turned into slurry, before it is injected into the process washwater.
Big-Bag
Storage Tank
Big-Bag Discharger
Feeder
Dust Filter Fan

Preparation Tank
Fan
Dust Filter
Screw Conveyor
Filter Fan
Figure 2-10: Example of an MgO mixing unit.
The Magnesium Oxide powder Big-Bag is placed in the Big-Bag Discharger.

A dust filter is used to prevent dust from leaking out when replacing the Big-Bags. The dust filter fan is
started and a vibrator is also started. The vibrator is used to prevent the MgO powder from sticking to the
surface of the (feeder) cone.
The Screw Conveyor, transports the MgO powder from the Feeder to the Preparation Tank where the MgO
powder is mixed with water.
The MgO -powder and the water (H2O) is stirred into a Magnesium Hydroxide -slurry by a slow rotating
agitator.
MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2
Transfer pumps are used to transfer the slurry from the preparation tank, to the Storage Tank, where a slow
rotating agitator will keep the slurry ready to use.
14
Dosing pumps, distribute the slurry to the process washwater.
These pumps are controlled by the Scrubber Control System (SCS).
As an alternative, the MgO powder can be supplied from a Silo and turned into slurry, before it is injected
into the process washwater.
MgO Powder silo
Storage tank
Dosing pumps
Screw conveyer
Mixing tank
Figure 2-11: Example of an MgO mixing/dosing unit with Silo type MgO storage.
An third alternative is the use of pre mixed MgO slurry which are stored on board in storage tanks. The MgO
solution in the storage tanks is directly connected to the Dosing pump.
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2.14.1 Caustic Soda Unit (Option)
As an alternative to using an MgO Mixing Unit, there is an option of using Castic Soda (NaOH) based alkali
Dosing Unit to neutralize the washwater. The setup includes Dosing Unit as shown in the figure below. The
Castic Soda will maintain the pH of washwater during closed loop operation.
Figure 2-12: Example of a Caustic Soda (NaOH) dosing unit.
Here, the dosing pumps distribute Caustic Soda to Scrubber washwater drain lines. These pumps are
controlled by the Scrubber Control System (SCS-1).
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2.15 Scrubber Control System (SCS-1)
All the scrubber units are controlled by an independent Scrubber Control System (SCS-1) which is interfaced
to the ships automation system. The scrubber control system is a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)
based control system. The PLC is communicating with I/O cards, distributed I/O cabinets, frequency
converters, ships Machinery Automation System (MAS), the Continuous Emissions Monitoring System
(CEMS), Water Monitoring Units (WMU) and Water Treatment Units (WTU), continuously.
Three different communication types are used to communicate with the various type of equipment:
 Modbus TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is used between SCS-1 and the distributed I/O
cabinets and the frequency converters.
 Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) is mainly used between SCS-1 and ships Machinery
Automation System (MAS), but for critical signals, a hardwired interface is needed.
 Hardwired interface is used for critical signals and where a fieldbus is not available or needed.
2.15.1 Distributed I/O cabinets

The communication between SCS-1 and the distributed I/O cabinets is built as a Modbus TCP redundant
ring network. By using a ring network the system will keep running even if a single cable failure occurs.
An alarm will be triggered to notify the operator if the network is no longer intact.
Figure 2-13: SCS-1 Distributed I/O cabinet interface.
17
2.15.2 SCS-1  Frequency Converters
The communication between SCS-1 and the frequency converters is built up as a Modbus TCP point to point
network. If the communication fails, an alarm will be triggered to notify the operator.
A hardwired shutdown signal of the frequency converter is added between SCS-1 and the frequency
converters.
Figure 2-14: SCS Frequency converter interface.
2.15.3 SCS-1  MAS

The Scrubber Control System is interfaced to the ship’s automation system. The communication between
SCS-1 and ships machinery automation system is built up as a Modbus RTU point to point network.
If the communication fails, an alarm will be triggered to notify the operator. All signals from MAS will be
set to zero when a communication failure is detected.
For critical signals a hardwired interface is used.
Figure 2-15: SCS MAS interface.
18
2.15.4 SCS-1  CEMS
The communication between SCS-1 and the Continues Emission Monitoring System (CEMS), is built up
with a Modbus TCP interface. If the communication fails, an alarm will be triggered to notify the operator.
Figure 2-16: SCS CEMS Analyzer interface.
The communication between SCS and the Water Monitoring Units (WMU), is built up as a Modbus TCP
point to point network. If the communication fails an alarm will be triggered to notify the operator.
Scrubber WMU
Control
System Modbus TCP
Figure 2-17: SCS Water Monitoring Unit interface.
The communication between SCS and the Water Treatment Units (WTU), is built up with a number of
hardwired signals.
Scrubber WTU
Control
System
(hardwired signals)
Figure 2-18: SCS Water Treatment Unit interface.
19
2.16 Safety system
The safety system is divided in two types: software and hardware. The sketch below shows how the
hardwired shutdown is designed and how a high water level in the Scrubber Tower, or an activated
emergency stop button, will disable the frequency converter for the washwater process pumps, regardless if
any failure has occurred in the scrubber control systems software or hardware. The fail to safe definition for
the scrubber system is when all pumps are stopped and all valves are closed.
Figure 2-19: Principle sketch, hardwired shutdown circuit.
2.16.1 Description of shutdown philosophy

The safety system is divided in different levels
 An activated shutdown equipment in level 1 will cause shutdown of all scrubbers
 An activated shutdown equipment in level 3 will cause shutdown of the scrubber that the shutdown
equipment is installed in.
2.16.2 Emergency Stop buttons

Each button is equipped with two contacts, one is used for the hardwired circuit to disable the frequency
converter and one is used for indication to the SCS-1 for a software shutdown initiation and alarm indication
on the HMI.
20
2.17 Operation procedure
There are three different ways to operate the scrubber and the equipment related to the scrubber system:
1. Auto Remote: Start and stop of the scrubber will be initiated by signals from the MAS.
2. Auto Local: Start and stop of the scrubber is initiated by the buttons on each scrubber mimic on
the HMI.
3. Manual: All valves and pumps can be manually operated from the HMI
Below, examples of operational procedures are described for each mode:
2.17.1 Auto Remote
Auto Remote is a fully automated mode where start and stop of the scrubber will be initiated by signals from
the MAS. In the table below the function of each signal that is used for control from MAS is described.
Examples of signals from MAS to SCS:
Signal name Signal description SCS-1 action
ShipSystemOk_SCx Inlet/overboard opened, DCV When “1” scrubber start is allowed.

opened, etc for Scrubber x
When “0” scrubber start is interlocked in all modes, if the
scrubber is running a shutdown will immediately be initiated.
FirstStb_MEx Main engine x is first standby When “1” the scrubber will be prepared for a quick start.
engine Scrubber inlet and drain valves will open, when sequnce
completed the scrubber is in Standby.
When “0” the scrubber in standby will be stopped, scrubber inlet

valves and drain valves will close. If the scrubber is running this
signal will be ignored and the scrubber will continue to run.
Running_MEx Main engine x running When “1” the scrubber will start immediately, by first open the
scrubber inlet and drain valves and then start the washwater
process pump. When sequence completed, the scrubber is
running
Load_MEx Main engine x load When “0” value

Analouge the scrubber
0-100%will be stopped.
Depending of the engine load the amount of scrubber inlet

valves will be adjusted to ensure sufficent exhaust gas cleaning.
21
2.17.2 Auto Local
Auto Local is a fully automated mode where start and stop of the scrubber is initiated by the buttons on each
scrubber mimic on the HMI. In below table the function of each button that is used for start and stop of the
scrubber in Auto Local mode.
Buttons description for Auto Local operation (examples):
Button Button description SCS-1 action when pressed
Standby request The scrubber will be prepared for a quick start. Scrubber inlet and drain
valves will open. When sequnce completed the scrubber is in Standby.
Start request The scrubber will start immediately, by first open the scrubber inlet and
drain valves and then start the washwater process pump. When sequence
completed, the scrubber is running
Stop request The scrubber will be stopped.
2.17.3 Manual
When Manual mode is selected, all valves and pumps can be manually operated from the HMI. The
automatic scrubber sequence is paused, but all safety functions are still active to protect the equipment.
Manual mode should above all be used for maintenance and trouble shooting.
22
2.18 Data recording and processing device
Data recording of the process will take place in Yara Marine Technologies HMI located in Engine Control
room (ECR).
The Data Recording and Processing Device is of a robust, tamper proof design with read-only capability.
The device records the data required by MEPC.259(68) sections: 4.4.7, 5.4.2 and 10.3 against UTC and
ships position by a Global Navigational Satellite System.
On a predefined interval that is shorter than 0,0035Hz, the data loggers write the values of each log group
into a database file together with UTC time stamp and ships position.
The database is a SQL database that is located in the project folder at the monitors SSD-disc
(Solid State Drive).
The database is read-only (also for system administrators) and it is not possible to write values manually,
adjust logged values or delete logged values.
The root folder where the run-time project is stored and executed, is password protected which prevents the
operator from deleting the run-time project or the database file.
2.18.1 Data Logger

With an interval of 240 seconds, values are written to a locked SQL database file with no possibility to
change logged values. The log group is set to store 200 000 rows which are equal to > 18 months.
In addition, to each logged row the longitude, latitude and UTC time/date of the ships position are logged.
23
3 List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
Acronym or
Abbreviation Full Form Comment
CEMS Continuous Emissions Monitoring
System
CF Compact Flash
CIP Cleaning In Place
CO2 Carbon dioxide
ECA Emissions Control Area
ECR Engine Control Room
EGC Exhaust Gas Cleaning
EGCS Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems
ETM-B EGC system – Technical Manual for
Scheme B
GAC Granulate Activated Carbon
GTM Green Tech Marine
HFO Heavy Fuel Oil
HLA High Level Alarm
HLCU Heated Line Control Unit
HMI Human-Machine Interface
IMO International Maritime Organization
I/O Input / Output
IR Infrared
MARPOL Marine Pollution International Convention for the
Prevention of Pollution from Ships
MAS Machinery Automation System
MC Manual Control
MCR Maximum Continuous Rating
MEPC Marine Environment Protection
Committee
MGO Marine Gas Oil Light, refined diesel fuel with a sulfur
content of 0.5 % or less
MgO Magnesium Oxide
Modbus Serial communications protocol for
use with PLCs
NTU Nephlometric Turbidity Units
OMM Onboard Monitoring Manual
PAH Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
pH Power of the concentration of The pH scale measures how acidic or
hydrogen ions basic a substance is. The pH scale
ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is
neutral. A pH less than 7 is acidic. A
pH greater than 7 is basic.
PLC Programmable Logic Controller
PM Particulate Matter
PPE Personal Protection Equipment
ppm parts per million
RC Remote Control
RTU Remote Terminal Unit
SCS Scrubber Control System
SCU Sensor Control Unit
24
Acronym or
Abbreviation Full Form Comment
SiC Silicon Carbide
SO2 Sulphur dioxide
SOX Sulphur oxides
SQL Structured Query Language
SSD Solid State Drive
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TPP Turbidity, PAH and pH
UF Ultra Filtration
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
UTC Universal Time Coordinated
WMU Water Monitoring Unit
YMT Yara Marine Technologies
25
Yara Marine Technologies
E-mail: info@yaramarine.com
Web: www.yaramarine.com
26

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General Function Description

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Figure 2-1: An example of a functional description of the scrubber cleaning process.

2.2 Washwater Process pump

2.3 Washwater Flow

2.5 Scrubber Tower

2.6 High Level Switches

2.8 Washwater Temperature

2.9 Exhaust Gas Backpressure

2.10 Exhaust Gas Temperature

2.11.1 Cleaning of Demister

Figure 2-5: Example of a SiC membrane filter unit.

Figure 2-7: Example of a Filter Press unit.

Figure 2-9: Example of Separator units.

Dust Filter Fan

Figure 2-10: Example of an MgO mixing unit.

The Magnesium Oxide powder Big-Bag is placed in the Big-Bag Discharger.

MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2

MgO Powder silo

Figure 2-12: Example of a Caustic Soda (NaOH) dosing unit.

2.15.1 Distributed I/O cabinets

Figure 2-13: SCS-1 Distributed I/O cabinet interface.

Figure 2-14: SCS Frequency converter interface.

2.15.3 SCS-1  MAS

For critical signals a hardwired interface is used.

Figure 2-15: SCS MAS interface.

Figure 2-16: SCS CEMS Analyzer interface.

Figure 2-17: SCS Water Monitoring Unit interface.

Figure 2-18: SCS Water Treatment Unit interface.

Figure 2-19: Principle sketch, hardwired shutdown circuit.

2.16.1 Description of shutdown philosophy

2.16.2 Emergency Stop buttons

Below, examples of operational procedures are described for each mode:

2.17.1 Auto Remote

Examples of signals from MAS to SCS:

Signal name Signal description SCS-1 action

ShipSystemOk_SCx Inlet/overboard opened, DCV When “1” scrubber start is allowed.

When “0” the scrubber in standby will be stopped, scrubber inlet

Load_MEx Main engine x load When “0” value

Depending of the engine load the amount of scrubber inlet

Buttons description for Auto Local operation (examples):

Button Button description SCS-1 action when pressed

2.18.1 Data Logger

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