UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS

English III

Module #1Verb be and Possessive Adjectives

I. Datos Generales
Nombre de la Asignatura: English III Código: INE 206
Unidades valorativas: 4 Duración del Modulo: 10 días

I. Specific Objectives:
- Use possessive adjectives to show ownership.
- Understand the proper use of apostrophes with contractions and
possessives.

II. Goals to achieve:

-Talk about your own or other people’s possessions.
-Asking for and giving personal information.

III. Activities and Assignments

Complete exercises in self-study, skills, and assignments section in the
Richmond Learning platform corresponding to unit 1 of Personal Best
Level A2 Textbook and workbook.

IV. Content

Introduction

In this module you will learn to use verb be and possessive adjectives.

You will also learn vocabulary on countries, nationalities, numbers, and personal
objects to use in daily conversations.

Vocabulary

Countries and Nationalities

 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

Nationality Nationailty
Country Language
(Adjective) (Noun)

Afghanistan Afghan an Afghan Persian - Pashto

Albania Albanian an Albanian Albanian
Algeria Algerian an Algerian Arabic
Argentine an Argentine
Argentina Spanish
Argentinian an Argentinian
Australia Australian an Australian English
Austria Austrian an Austrian German
Bangladesh Bangladeshi a Bangladeshi Bengali
Belgium Belgian a Belgian French / Flemish
Bolivia Bolivian a Bolivian Spanish
Botswana Batswana a Botswanan English, Setswana
Brazil Brazilian a Brazilian Portuguese
Bulgaria Bulgarian a Bulgarian Bulgarian
Cambodia Cambodian a Cambodian Cambodian
Cameroon Cameroonian a Cameroonian French / English
Canada Canadian a Canadian English / French
Chile Chilean a Chilean Spanish
China Chinese a Chinese person Chinese
Colombia * Colombian a Colombian Spanish
Costa Rica Costa Rican a Costa Rican Spanish
Croatia Croatian a Croat Croatian
Cuba Cuban a Cuban Spanish
Czech Republic Czech a Czech person Czech
Denmark Danish a Dane Danish
Dominican Republic Dominican a Dominican Spanish
Ecuador Ecuadorian an Ecuadorian Spanish
Egypt Egyptian an Egyptian Arabic
El Salvador Salvadorian a Salvadoran Spanish
an Englishman
England English English
an Englishwoman
Estonia Estonian an Estonian Estonian
Ethiopia Ethiopian an Ethiopian Amharic
Fiji Fijian a Fijian English, Fijian
Finland Finnish a Finn Finnish
a Frenchman
France French French
a Frenchwoman
Germany German a German German
Ghana Ghanaian a Ghanaian English
 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

Greece Greek a Greek Greek

Guatemala Guatemalan a Guatemalan Spanish
Haiti Haitian a Haitian French / Creole
Honduras Honduran a Honduran Spanish
Hungary Hungarian a Hungarian Hungarian
Iceland Icelandic an Icelander Icelandic
India Indian an Indian Hindi / English
Indonesia Indonesian an Indonesian Indonesian
Iran Iranian an Iranian Persian
Iraq Iraqi an Iraqi Arabic, Kurdish
an Irishman
Ireland Irish Irish / English
an Irishwoman
Israel Israeli an Israeli Hebrew
Italy Italian an Italian Italian
Jamaica Jamaican a Jamaican English
Japan Japanese a Japanese person Japanese
Jordan Jordanian a Jordanian Arabic
Kenya Kenyan a Kenyan Swahili
Kuwait Kuwaiti a Kuwaiti Arabiv
Laos Lao a Laotain Laotian
Latvia Latvian a Latvian Latvian
Lebanon Lebanese a Lebanese Arabic
Libya Libyan a Libyan Arabic
Lithuania Lithuanian a Lithuanian Lithuanian
Malaysia Malaysian a Malaysian Malay / Malaysian
Mali Malian a Malian French
Malta Maltese a Maltese English, Maltese
Mexico Mexican a Mexican Spanish
Mongolia Mongolian a Mongolian Mongolian
Morocco Moroccan a Moroccan Arabic / French
Mozambique Mozambican a Mozambican Portuguese
Namibia Namibian a Nambian English
Nepal Nepalese a Nepalese Nepali, English
a Dutchman
Netherlands Dutch Dutch
a Dutchwoman
New Zealand New Zealand a New Zealander English / Maori
Nicaragua Nicaraguan a Nicaraguan Spanish
Nigeria Nigerian a Nigerian English
Norway Norwegian a Norwegian Norwegian
Pakistan Pakistani a Pakistani Urdu, English
Panama Panamanian a Panamanian Spanish
 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

Paraguay Paraguayan a Paraguayan Spanish

Peru Peruvian a Peruvian Spanish
Philippines Philippine a Filipino Tagalog / Filipino
Poland Polish a Pole Polish
a Portuguese
Portugal Portuguese Portuguese
person
Romania Romanian a Romanian Romanian
Russia Russian a Russian Russian
Saudi Arabia Saudi a Saudi (Arabian) Arabic
Scotland Scottish a Scot English
a Senegalese
Senegal Senegalese French
person
Serbia Serbian a Serbian Serbian
Singapore Singaporean a Singaporean English, Malay, Mandarin, Tamil
Slovakia Slovak a Slovak Slovak
South Africa South African a South African Afrikaans, English, + 9 more
South Korea Korean a Korean Korean
Spain Spanish a Spaniard Spanish
Sri Lanka Sri Lankan a Sri Lankan Sinhala, Tamil
Sudan Sudanese a Sudanese person Arabic, English
Sweden Swedish a Swede Swedish
German, French, Italian,
Switzerland Swiss a Swiss person
Romansh
Syria Syrian a Syrian Arabic
Taiwan Taiwanese a Taiwanese person Chinese
Tajikistan Tajikistani a Tajikistani Tajik (Persian)
Thailand Thai a Thai person Thai
Tonga Tongan a Tongan English, Tongan
Tunisia Tunisian a Tunisian Arabic
Turkey Turkish a Turk Turkish
Ukraine Ukrainian a Ukranian Ukrainian
United Arab
Emirati an Emirati Arabic
Emirates
(The) United
British a Brit English
Kingdom
(The) United States American ** an American English
Uruguay Uruguayan a Uruguayan Spanish
Venezuela Venezuelan a Venezuelan Spanish
a Vietnamese
Vietnam Vietnamese Vietnamese
person
a Welshman
Wales Welsh Welsh / English
a Welshwoman
 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

Zambia Zambian a Zambian English

Zimbabwe Zimbabwean a Zimbabwean 16 languages

Number 1 to 1000

Personal Objects

candy, cell phone, change purse, chewing gum, comb, flashlight, glasses,
gloves, hairbrush, identity card, key, mirror, photo, stamps, sunglasses, tablet,
tissues, umbrela, wallet, watch

Grammar

Countries and Nationalities

The word 'Nationality' is not often used in spoken English. It is a formal and
official word and it appears more frequently in written English. You will find the
word 'Nationality' is used a lot in the travel industry and for immigration.
We almost never say: What is your nationality?
We usually say: Where are you from? OR Where do you come from?
To tell someone your nationality you DON'T say: My nationality is Chilean.
You say: I'm Chilean
 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

Verb to be

To Be - Affirmative

Subject To Be Examples

I am I am from New Zealand.

You are You are Chilean.

He is He is twenty years old.

She is She is a nurse.

It is It is a big dog.

We are We are intelligent.

You are You are students.

 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

They are They are married.

To Be - Contractions
Contractions of To Be are very frequent when we are speaking.

To Be Contraction Examples

I am I'm I'm from New Zealand.

You are You're You're Chilean.

He is He's He's twenty years old.

She is She's She's a nurse.

It is It's It's a big dog.

We are We're We're intelligent.

You are You're You're students.

They are They're They're married.

To Be - Negative Sentences
The negative of To Be can be made by adding not after the verb.

Subject To Be Examples

I am not I am not from Spain.

You are not You are not Australian.

He is not He is not thirty years old.

She is not She is not a secretary.

 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

It is not It is not a small cat.

We are not We are not stupid.

You are not You are not teachers.

They are not They are not single.

To Be - Negative Contractions
There are two ways of forming contractions of To Be in negative sentences.
One is with a contraction of the subjectand the verb (e.g. I am = I'm) OR a
contraction of the verb and not (e.g. are not = aren't)

I'm not from Spain. --- --------------*

You're not Australian. OR You aren't Australian.

He's not thirty years old. OR He isn't thirty years old.

She's not a secretary. OR She isn't a secretary.

It's not a small cat. OR It isn't a small cat.

We're not stupid. OR We aren't stupid.

You're not teachers. OR You aren't teachers.

They're not single. OR They aren't single.

* Notice that the only possible contraction for I am not is I'm not.

To Be - Questions
To create questions with To Be, you put the Verb before the Subject.

Affirmative You are happy.

 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

Subject Verb

Question Are you happy?

Verb Subject

Affirmative Question

I am intelligent. Am I intelligent?

You are a student. Are you a student?

He is a pilot. Is he a pilot?

She is from Spain. Is she from Spain?

It is a big house. Is it a big house?

We are ready. Are we ready?

You are doctors. Are you doctors?

They are rich. Are they rich?

To Be - Short Answers
In spoken English, we usually give short answers in response to questions.
Are you a student? - Yes, I am (a student). The last part (a student) is not
necessary. We use shorts answers to avoid repetition, when the meaning is
clear.

Question Short Answers** Short Answers

Am I intelligent? Yes, you are. No, you aren't.

 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

Are you a student? Yes, I am. No, I am not.

Is he a pilot? Yes, he is. No, he isn't.

Is she from Spain? Yes, she is. No, she isn't.

Is it a big house? Yes, it is. No, it isn't.

Are we ready? Yes, we are. No, we aren't.

Are you doctors? Yes, we are. No, we aren't.

Are they rich? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.

Possessive Nous
 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

The possessive form is used with nouns referring to people, groups of people,
countries, and animals. It shows a relationship of belonging between one thing
and another. To form the possessive, add apostrophe + s to the noun. If the
noun is plural, or already ends in s, just add an apostrophe after the s.

EXAMPLES

 the car of John = John's car

 the room of the girls = the girls' room
 clothes for men = men's clothes
 the boat of the sailors = the sailors' boat

For names ending in s, you can either add an apostrophe + s, or just an

apostrophe. The first option is more common. When pronouncing a possessive
name, we add the sound /z/ to the end of the name.

EXAMPLES

 Thomas's book (or Thomas' book)

 James's shop (or James' shop)
 the Smiths's house (or the Smiths' house)

FUNCTIONS OF THE POSSESSIVE

'Belonging to' or 'ownership' is the most common relationship the possessive
expresses.

EXAMPLES

 John owns a car. = It is John's car.

 America has some gold reserves. = They are America's gold reserves.

The possessive can also express where someone works, studies or spends time

EXAMPLES

 John goes to this school. = This is John's school.

 John sleeps in this room. = This is John's room.

The possessive can express a relationship between people.

EXAMPLES

 John's mother is running late.

 Mrs Brown's colleague will not be coming to the meeting.
 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

The possessive can express intangible things as well.

EXAMPLES

 John's patience is running out.

 The politician's hypocrisy was deeply shocking.

FIXED EXPRESSIONS
There are also some fixed expressions where the possessive form is used.

EXAMPLES WITH TIME

 a day's work
 a month's pay
 today's newspaper
 in a year's time

OTHER EXAMPLES

 For God's sake! (= exclamation of exasperation)

 a stone's throw away (= very near)
 at death's door (= very ill)
 in my mind's eye (= in my imagination)

The possessive is also used to refer to shops, restaurants, churches and

colleges, using the name or job title of the owner.

EXAMPLES

 Shall we go to Luigi's for lunch?

 I've got an appointment at the dentist's at eleven o'clock.
 Is Saint Mary's an all-girls school?
 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

Possessive Adjectives

The possessive adjective needs to agree with the possessor and not with the
thing that is possessed.
Examples

 My car is very old.

 Her boyfriend is very friendly.
 Our dog is black.
 Their homework is on the table.

Like all adjectives in English, they are always located directly in front of the
noun they refer to. (Possessive Adjective + Noun)
We do not include an S to the adjective when the noun is plural like in many
other languages.
Examples:

 Our cars are expensive. (Correct)

Ours cars are expensive. (Incorrect)

However, the verb that is used needs to be in agreement with the noun - if the
noun is singular then the verb is singular; if the noun is plural then the verb is
plural.
 UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE HONDURAS
English III

Examples:

 My pen is black. (Singular)

My pens are black. (Plural)
 Our child is intelligent. (Singular)
Our children are intelligent. (Plural)

V. Bibliography

Textbook: Personal Best A2, Editorial Richmond, 1st Edition.

Workbook:Personal Best A2, Editorial Richmond, 1st Edition.
English and Spanish dictionarywww.dictionary.com
English Lab – Richmond https://richmondlp.com/
English Central Website- www.englishcentral.com