HostDime Hosting with

25% OFF
Make your website loads faster
with Fully Managed Dedicated
Server Hosting with 25% OFF

Download your Full Reports for Energy E cient Motors

(../Seminar-Reports/2017-04/Energy-E cient-Motors-Seminar-Reports.html)

ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS

ABSTRACT
         In the present day world, energy conservation by a small means plays a signi cant role
in making huge pro ts for any industry. The present paper explains the need of improving
energy e ciency and particularly in motors. In industries, motor driven systems represent
about 60% of all the electrical energy used. Energy e cient motors are the best solution to
solve energy crisis. NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) set standards for
energy e cient motors and named them as premium e ciency motors.
1.0 INTRODUCTION:         Over half of all electrical energy consumed is used by electric motors
as shown in gure1.

. Improving the e ciency of electric motors and the equipment they drive can save energy and
Energy E cient Motors are the  best solution to solve energy crisis NEMA (National Electrical
Manufacturers Association) set standards for energy e cient motors and named them as
premium e ciency motors.   As e ciency depends on losses, reducing them itself improves
e ciency. Improved design speci cations help to improve the e ciency. Comparison between
the energy e cient motors and standard motors indicate the annual energy saved and
thereby cost savings.
SPONSORED SEARCHES

energy efficient motor ppt

energy consumption

manufacturing industry

electric installation

electricity cost

reduce operating costs. . Energy e ciency should be a major consideration when we purchase
a motor, as well as the more common considerations.
 "What’s the price and how soon can we get it?”      There are three factors to be considered:
1Energy-e cient motors only provide savings when they're running.
2. Maximum savings and the fastest returns on investment.
    Any motor selection has to be  properly
engineered for its intended application .
  

 1.1De nition
      An "energy e cient" motor is a motor that gives you the same output strength by
consuming lesser amounts of power. For energy-e cient motor’s performance must be equal
or exceed the nominal full-load e ciency values.    
The e ciency of a motor is the ratio of the mechanical power output to the
electrical power input. This may be expressed as:

  In 1989, the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) developed a standard

de nition for energy-e cient motors. The de nition, designed to help users identify and
compare electric motor e ciencies on an equal basis.
   A sample database listing is shown in Table 1.1. The database contains the manufacturers’
name, motor model, full-load RPM, service factor, frame size, and list price. 
               Table1.1

 Table1.1howing the comparision of standard motors and energy e cient motors of two
di erent types viz. ODP, TEFC.
 
SPONSORED SEARCHES

energy efficient motor ppt

electric installation

manufacturing industry

about electric motor

energy consumption

 Note that the nominal full-load motor e ciencies vary from 86.5 to 93.2 percent. Prices also
vary. In many cases, motors with identical list prices exhibit very di erent e ciency ratings.
 2.0 FACTORS AFFECTING EFFICIENCY AND LOSS DISTRIBUTION
Types of Losses :Various Types of losses that incur in a standard motor and a high e cient

motor are indicated in the gure2.1.        Figure2.1

  Figure2.1showing comparison of losses for a standard motor and an energy e cient motor.
Stator and Rotor I2R losses:          Stator and Rotor I²R losses appear when heat is generated by
resistance from current owing in the stator windings, rotor conductor bars. These are major
losses, typically account for 55% to 60% of total losses.
Core losses: It has hysterisis and eddy current e ects. These are independent of load and
account for 20 to 25% of total losses. E ciency is improved by the use of thinner gauge, lower
loss core steel reduces eddy current loss. Motor operation closer to synchronous speed will
reduce rotor I²R losses. E ciency can be improved by using more copper and large
conductors, lowers resistance and losses due to current ow. E ciency is improved by the use
of longer core steel to design, reduces core losses due to lower operating ux densities    

Table2.2

Table2.2 shows various types of motor losses for a 1800 rpm motor for di erent ratings.
Friction and Windage losses: These losses are independent of load. They account for 8 to 12%
of total losses. E ciency is improved by the use of optimized design, strict quality control
procedures minimizes stray load losses.
Stray load losses: These vary according to square of the load current, caused by leakage ux
induced by load currents in laminations. They account for 4 to 5% of total losses. E ciency is
improved by the use of low loss fan design, reduces losses due to air movement.
3.0Modi cations of the design to improve e ciency: Higher e ciencies are achieved by
redesign of motors as follows:
 1.Low loss of thinner laminations reduce the Iron losses even at partial loads.
2.Thicker conductors and more copper contents reduce copper losses due to lower resistance.
3. Longer core length, uniform air gap between stator and rotor reduce stray losses.
 4. Special design of fan reduce windage losses.
 5. An energy e cient motor results in lower energy costs when compared to a rewound
standard-e ciency motor.
3.1Cost e ectiveness: Energy-e cient motor depends on factors like motor price, e ciency
rating, annual hours of use, energy rates, cost of installation and downtime, and the availability
of utility rebates or other incentives.

   Figure3.1.1

Figure3.1.1 shows the drooping nature of e ciency of a standard at partial  loads.

 Figure3.1.2;Figure3.1.2 depicts the initial cost and the life time

costs of a motor. Hence one should be careful in choosing motor which will bring down the life
time cost.
3.2 Energy E cient Motors:(EEMs)

EEMs operate with e ciencies that are typically 4 to 6 % higher than

the standard motor. The power factor is same or may be higher compared to standard motors.
EEMs withstand wider voltage, frequency uctuations and higher ambient temperatures
without breakdown. In the event of eld repairs it retains rated capacity when repairs are
carried out by less skilled workers and in inexact conditions

Figure3.2.1

Figure3.2.1  shows the average life of the motors increase with the increase in size of the
motors of di erent ratings.
Energy e cient motors require less maintenance and have longer life because of lower motor
operating temperatures. The energy e cient designs of multi-speed motors are not available.
They are not suited for highly intermittent duty and special torque applications as hoists and
cranes, traction drives, punch presses, machine tools and centrifuges.

Figure3..2.2. shows the annual energy savings of the motor with its increase in size.

3.3 Case Study: Higher E ciency Motors Mean Big Savings and Better Reliability
Table3.3 shows the typical examples of high e cient motors and standard motors of di erent
ratings, with their e ciency at full load ,e ciency at 75% load ,additional cost incurred for a
premium motor and annual energy savings.

Example One Example Two

50 hp, 1800 rpm, 25 hp, 1800 rpm,
  460 V 460 V

EPAct NEMA EPAct NEMA

Standard Premium Standard Premium

Full Load
93.1 94.5 92.4 93.6
E ciency

E ciency
(at 75% 93.6 95.1 93.1 94.1
load)
Meets
Yes yes Yes yes
EPAct?

Incremental
NA $176 NA $96
Cost

Energy
Savings at
2,829 958
75% Load NA NA
kWh/y kWh/y
(6000
hrs/year)

4. Conclusion
Higher e ciency motors (HEMs or EEMs) are preferred than that of standard e ciency motors,
because increased e ciency saves signi cant amount of energy consumed and therefore
saves energy bill, costs incurred over maintenance of the standard motor . However  EEMs may
not always lead to lower power consumption.Sometimes there would be an increase in energy
consumption rather than a decrease due to the smaller slip in selecting a suitable motor. So
proper selection of high e ciency motors must be made according to the type of application
and energy required. One should be careful in choosing proper rating, always avoiding over-
sized motors.

Download your Full Reports for Energy E cient Motors (../Seminar-Reports/2017-

04/Energy-E cient-Motors-Seminar-Reports.html) (../Seminar-Reports/2017-
04/Energy-E cient-Motors-Seminar-Reports.html)

Tags :

Abstracts Seminar Download