Atomic and Molecular Structure

Structure of the atom

Element atomic number and atomic mass
Element location on the Periodic Table
Groups of elements in the Periodic Table
Trends in the Periodic Table: ionization energy, electronegativity, relative sizes
of ions and atoms
Using the Periodic Table to determine the number of valence electrons available for
bonding
Position of an element in the periodic table relating to its chemical reactivity
Thomson's discovery of the electron
Rutherford's nuclear atom
Millikan's oil drop experiment
Einstein's explanation of the photoelectric effect
Quantum theory of atomic structure
Bohr model of the atom
Spectral lines
Planck's relationship
Chemical Bonds
Ionic and covalent bonds
Chemical bonds between atoms in molecules
Electrostatic attraction in salt crystals
Intermolecular forces in a solid and liquid
Lewis electron dot structures
Shape of simple molecules and their polarity
Electronegativity and ionization energy - bond formation
Solids and liquids held together by Van der Waal's forces

Stoichiometry
Writing balanced equations
Definition of the mole
Molar mass of a molecule from its chemical formula and a table of atomic masses
(atomic weight)
Converting the mass of a molecular substance to moles
Number of particles or volume of gas at standard temperature and pressure
Masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
Percent yield in a chemical reaction
Oxidation and reduction reactions
Balancing oxidation-reduction reactions
Acids and Bases
Properties of acids, bases and salt solutions
Acids and bases
Strong acids and strong bases
Weak acids and bases
pH scale
pH tests
Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis acid-base definitions
Calculating pH from the hydrogen ion concentration
pH in acid-base reactions

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Gases
Random motion of molecules and their collisions with a surface
Random motion of molecules and diffusion of gases
Applying the gas laws to relations between the pressure, temperature, and volume
Standard temperature and pressure (STP)
Convert between Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales
Kinetic theory of gases
Problems using the ideal gas law in the form PV=nRT
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
Graham's Law to describe diffusion of gases
Chemical Solutions
Definitions of solute and solvent
Dissolving process as a result of random molecular motion
Temperature, pressure, and surface area - their affect the dissolving process
Concentration of a solute in terms of grams per liter, molarity, parts per million
and percent composition
Relationship between the molality of solute in a solution, and the solution's
freezing point depression or boiling point elevation
Chromatography
Distillation
Rates of Chemical Reactions
Rate of reaction and factors that affect it
Role a catalyst in reaction rates
Definition and role of activation energy in a chemical reaction

Chemical Equilibrium
Le Chatelier's Principle
Forward and reverse reaction rates and equilibrium
Equilibrium constant expression for a reaction
Thermodynamics and Physical Chemistry
Temperature and heat flow related to the motion of particles
Endothermic and exothermic chemical processes
Endergonic and exergonic chemical processes
Problems involving heat flow and temperature changes
Hess's Law to calculate enthalpy change in a reaction
Gibbs free energy equation to determine whether a reaction would be spontaneous
Introduction to Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
Formation of large molecules and polymers
Bonding characteristics of carbon
Amino acids as building blocks of proteins
Naming simple hydrocarbons
Functional groups
R-group structure of amino acids
Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary protein structure

Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry

Protons and neutrons
Nuclear forces
Electromagnetic repulsion between the protons
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fission
Radioactive isotopes
Alpha, beta, and gamma decay
Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation
Calculating half-life and amount of radioactive material remaining
Nuclear substructure