Chapter 14

Environmental Chemistry

Solutions

SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (Only one answer)
1. The layer of atmosphere which extends upto 10 km from sea level is called

(1) Troposphere (2) Stratosphere (3) Ionosphere (4) Mesosphere

Sol. Answer (1)

2. Those pollutants which are readily degradable by natural process are called
(1) Biodegradable pollutant (2) Non-biodegradable pollutant

(3) Primary pollutant (4) Secondary pollutant

Sol. Answer (1)

3. Troposphere pollutant contains

(1) Dust (2) Water vapours (3) Mist (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (4)

4. Which one of the following is a secondary pollutant?

(1) CO (2) O3 (3) Pb (4) CH4

Sol. Answer (2)

5. Which one of the following pollutants causes irritation in eye?

(1) CO2 (2) SO2 (3) NO2 (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (2)

6. A primary pollutant is

(1) CO (2) DDT (3) CO2 (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (4)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
78 Environmental Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-2)

7. Which one of the following is colourless and highly toxic gas which reduces oxygen carrying capacity of blood?
(1) SO2 (2) CO (3) NO (4) SO3
Sol. Answer (2)

8. Which one of the following affects chlorophyll?

(1) Sulphur dioxide (2) Nitrogen oxides (3) Carbon monoxide (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (1)

9. Which one of the following oxides produces brown air or reddish brown haze?

(1) Oxides of sulphur (2) Oxides of nitrogen (3) Oxides of carbon (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)

10. Which one of the following gaseous pollutants is carcinogenic?

(1) Oxides of sulphur (2) Oxides of nitrogen (3) Arsenic (4) Oxides of carbon
Sol. Answer (3)

11. Greenhouse gases cause

(1) Trap UV rays (2) Increase in temperature of atmosphere

(3) Prevents global warming (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (2)

12. Greenhouse gas other than CO2 is

(1) H2 (2) N2O (3) O2 (4) SO2

Sol. Answer (2)

13. Photochemical smog involves

(1) O3 (2) NO (3) NO2 (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (4)

14. One of the greenhouse gases is

(1) CO (2) O2 (3) H2 (4) CFCs

Sol. Answer (4)

15. pH of acid rain is approximately

(1) 5.6 (2) 6.2 (3) 6.7 (4) 7

Sol. Answer (1)

16. Which is not a cause of acid rain?

(1) NO2 (2) CH4 (3) SO2 (4) CO2

Sol. Answer (2)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Environmental Chemistry 79
17. Acid rain causes
(1) Chlorosis (2) Increasing acidity of soil

(3) Corroding bridges (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (4)

18. Interference in development and maturation of RBC is caused by

(1) Hg pollution (2) Pb pollution (3) S pollution (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (2)

19. Select viable pollutant.

(1) Smoke (2) Moulds (3) Mist (4) Fumes

Sol. Answer (2)

20. Which one of the following is not a property of classical smog?

(1) Occurs at low temperature (2) Secondary pollutant play significant role

(3) Contains SO2 (4) Dark brown coloured

Sol. Answer (3)

21. Photochemical smog always contains

(1) SO2 (2) O3 (3) HNO3 (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (2)

22. Photochemical smog is actually a cause of pollution of

(1) Soil (2) Air (3) Noise (4) Water

Sol. Answer (2)

23. Photochemical smog includes the reduction of

(1) SO2 (2) NO (3) Cl2 (4) NO2

Sol. Answer (4)

24. Earth is protected from UV rays by

(1) N2 (2) O2 (3) O3 (4) SO3

Sol. Answer (3)

25. Months in which ozone hole appears over poles is

(1) June-July (2) August-September (3) October-November (4) December-January

Sol. Answer (2)

26. Depletion of ozone layer cannot cause

(1) Damage of DNA (2) Skin cancer (3) Cataract (4) Rickets
Sol. Answer (4)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
80 Environmental Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-2)

27. Which one of the following gases is known as chemical weed in troposphere?

(1) C2H6 (2) SO2 (3) O3 (4) NO2

Sol. Answer (3)

28. Depletion of ozone layer causes

(1) Increased transpiration (2) Damages paints and fibres

(3) Causes aging of skin (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (4)

29. Which causes water pollution?

(1) Jet planes (2) Herbicides

(3) Smoke (4) Combustion of fossils

Sol. Answer (2)

30. Most common and commercial water pollutant is

(1) Industrial waste (2) Fertilizers (3) Detergents (4) PCB’s

Sol. Answer (1)

31. For clean water BOD is less then

(1) 17 ppm (2) 12.2 ppm (3) 7 ppm (4) 5 ppm

Sol. Answer (4)

32. Cause of eutrophication is

(1) Nutrient enrichment of water bodies (2) Increase of oxygen in water bodies

(3) Increase in number of aquatic organisms (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (1)

33. Inorganic pollutant can damage

(1) Central nervous system (2) Liver

(3) Kidneys (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (4)

34. Decomposition of organic matter through microbial activity is known as

(1) Eutrophication (2) Stratification (3) Putrescibility (4) BOD

Sol. Answer (3)

35. Permissible level of nitrate ions in the drinking water is

(1) 40 ppm (2) 50 ppm (3) 60 ppm (4) 70 ppm

Sol. Answer (2)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Environmental Chemistry 81
36. Tooth decay is caused by deficiency of

(1) Fluorides (2) Lead (3) Sulphates (4) Nitrates

Sol. Answer (1)

37. Laxative effect is caused by

(1) Nitrates (2) Sulphates (3) Lead (4) Fluoride

Sol. Answer (2)

38. Soil pollution can result in decreased

(1) Soil productivity (2) Quality of plants

(3) Purity of ground water (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (4)

39. Which one of the following is not an organochlorine?

(1) Parathion (2) DDT (3) BHC (4) Aldrin

Sol. Answer (1)

40. Which one of the following is least persistent insecticide?

(1) Aldrin (2) Dieldrin (3) BHC (4) Carbamates

Sol. Answer (4)

41. Which one of the following is a herbicide?

(1) Organochlorines (2) Organophosphates (3) Carbamates (4) Sodium arsinite

Sol. Answer (4)

42. Non-biodegradable industrial waste that can be utilized by cement industry is

(1) Fly ash (2) Slag (3) Gypsum (4) Both (1) & (2)

Sol. Answer (4)

43. Small quantity of industrial toxic waste is removed by

(1) Burning in open bins (2) Controlled incineration

(3) Burning in closed bins (4) Both (1) & (2)

Sol. Answer (1)

44. Select non-biodegradable industrial waste

(1) Waste from cotton mills (2) Waste from paper mills

(3) Fly ash from thermal power plants (4) Waste from food processing units

Sol. Answer (3)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
82 Environmental Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-2)

45. Which one of the following is not a non-biodegradable industrial waste?

(1) Gypsum from fertilizer industries (2) Mud and tailings from metal industries

(3) Slag from steel industries (4) Waste from textile industries
Sol. Answer (4)

46. Biodegradable wastes are mixed with water and cultured from bacterial species which produces a gas called

(1) Methane gas (2) Ethane gas (3) Propane gas (4) Butane gas
Sol. Answer (1)

47. Sewage sludge does not contain

(1) Nitrogen (2) Phosphorus (3) Potassium (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (3)

48. Green chemistry emphasizes on

(1) Reaction that takes place in non-aqueous medium
(2) Utilization of sciences to reduce adverse impact on environment
(3) Use of condensation polymers

(4) Minimise the use of non-hazardous waste

Sol. Answer (2)

49. In place of tetrachloroethene in dry-cleaning we use

(1) Sodium lauryl sulphate (2) Sodium stearate

(3) Hydrogen peroxid (4) Sodium bisulphite

Sol. Answer (3)

50. Chauvin, Grubbs and Schrock won 2005 Nobel prize for the development of
(1) Dumas method (2) Kjeldahl’s method
(3) Metathesis method (4) Carius method
Sol. Answer (3)

SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)
1. Which air pollutant is not released by scooters and cars?
(1) SO2 (2) Fly ash (3) Hydrocarbons (4) CO
Sol. Answer (2)

2. Which is most harmful for the life on the globe?

(1) Soil errosion (2) Increasing desert (3) Nuclear fall out (4) Deforestation
Sol. Answer (3)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Environmental Chemistry 83
3. The acid rain contains
(1) H2SO4 (2) HNO3 (3) H2SO3 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

4. Which is not an air pollutant?

(1) H2 (2) H2S (3) SO2 (4) O3
Sol. Answer (1)

5. Which is not a chemical pollutant?

(1) Noise (2) Pesticides (3) Liquid wastes (4) Solid wastes
Sol. Answer (1)

6. DDT is
(1) An antibiotic (2) A fertilizer
(3) A non-degradable pollutant (4) Dichlorodifluoro titanium
Sol. Answer (3)

7. Which does not cause pollution?

(1) Thermal power plant (2) Hydro-electric plant
(3) Nuclear power plant (4) Automobiles
Sol. Answer (2)

8. Gaseous carbon dioxide dissolves in water droplets to produce

(1) Sulphonic acid (2) Carbonic acid (3) Sulphuric acid (4) Carboxylic acid
Sol. Answer (2)

9. Organomercury compounds are

(1) Herbicides (2) Fungicides (3) Soil conditioners (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)

10. HClO is a powerful

(1) Pesticide (2) Insecticide (3) Germicide (4) Herbicide
Sol. Answer (3)

11. Biosphere includes

(1) Hydrosphere (2) Atmosphere (3) Lithosphere (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

12. If BOD of river is high, it means that the river is

(1) Not polluted (2) Very polluted
(3) Gets least amount of light (4) Temperature of water is low
Sol. Answer (2)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
84 Environmental Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-2)

13. Fluorosis, a bone disease is caused by the presence of

(1) Pesticidies in water (2) Fluorides in water
(3) Carbon monoxide in air (4) Photochemical
Sol. Answer (2)

14. Ozone hole reffers to

(1) Increased concentration of O3
(2) Reduction in the thickness of ozone layer in the stratosphere
(3) Reduction in the thickness of ozone layer in the troposphere
(4) Hole in ozone layers
Sol. Answer (2)

15. Which one is incorrect statement regarding eutrophication?

(1) In eutrophication dissolved O2 concentration decreases
(2) Eutrophication occurs due to excess PO43– present in H2O
(3) Algae reduces dissolved O2 in H2O
(4) Main cause of eutrophication is presence of NO3–
Sol. Answer (4)

16. Which are the most dangerous radiations?

(1) Gamma rays (2) Beta rays (3) Alpha rays (4) Radio waves
Sol. Answer (1)

17. Lung diseases are four times more in Urban areas than Rural areas. This is due to the presence of which
(1) SO2 (2) CO2 (3) N2 (4) Water-vapour
Sol. Answer (1)

18. The pollutant released by jet aeroplanes in the atmosphere as fluorocarbons are called
(1) Photochemical oxidants (2) Photochemical reductants
(3) Aerosols (4) Physical pollutants
Sol. Answer (3)

19. Biological decay and release from ocean are important natural processes for the formation of
(1) O2 (2) CO2 (3) CO (4) SO2
Sol. Answer (2)

20. Burning of fossil fuels is the main source of which of the following pollutants?
(1) Nitric oxide (2) Carbon monoxide (3) Sulphur dioxide (4) Particulate matter
Sol. Answer (3)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Environmental Chemistry 85
21. Which one is not correct statement regarding greenhouse effect?
(1) It is due to high concentration of CO2 in atmosphere
(2) It is influenced by gases such as CH4 , O3 and CFC
(3) It would result in the warming up of the earth
(4) It would result in lowering the level of oceans due to high evaporation
Sol. Answer (4)

22. Which one is not a correct statement?

(1) Primary pollutants are those which are emitted directly from the source
(2) Acid rain is primary pollutant
(3) Particulates refer to all atmospheric substances that are not gases
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)

23. If BOD of a river is high, it means that river is

(1) Not polluted (2) Very much polluted with inorganic chemicals
(3) Very much polluted with organic chemicals (4) Polluted with pesticides
Sol. Answer (3)

24. Which is not a water pollutant?

(1) Automobile exaust (2) Plant nutrients
(3) Oxygen demanding wastes (4) Disease causing agent
Sol. Answer (1)

25. Phosphate pollution is caused by

(1) Weathering of phosphate rocks only (2) Phosphate rock and sewage
(3) Agricultural fertilizers only (4) Sewage and agricultural fertilizers
Sol. Answer (4)

26. Which of the following is not correctly matched?

Column I Column II
(1) Photochemical smog Warm dry climate
(2) Photochemical smog Contains SO2
(3) Classical smog Cool humid climate
(4) Classical smog Reducing smog
Sol. Answer (2)

27. Which of the following is not a part of green chemistry?

(1) Photochemistry (2) Sonochemistry (3) Nuclear chemistry (4) Biochemistry
Sol. Answer (3)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
86 Environmental Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-2)

28. Which of the following is not a herbicide?

(1) Sodium chlorate (2) Sodium arsenite (3) Polyphosphate (4) Triazines
Sol. Answer (3)

29. Water is often treated with chlorine to

(1) Increase oxygen content (2) Kill germs
(3) Remove suspended particles (4) Remove hardness
Sol. Answer (2)

30. Eutrophication causes reduction in

(1) Nutrients (2) Dissolved salts (3) Dissolved oxygen (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (3)

31. A 3 carbon containing compound A, which is a constituent of photochemical smog, is made to react with HCN,
product is

OH OH
(1) CH2–CH2–CHO (2) CH 3–CH–CHO (3) CH 2=CH–CH (4) CH –CH – CN
CN 3 2

CN CN
Sol. Answer (1)

32. Positive soil pollution is

(1) Reduction in soil productivity due to addition of pesticides, fertilizers and industrial wastes
(2) Reduction in soil productivity due to erossion and over use
(3) Converting fertile land into barren land by dumping ash, garbage
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)

33. Increased asthmatic attacks in certain seasons are related to

(1) Eating of seasonal vegetables (2) Wet and dry environment
(3) Inhalation of seasonal pollen grains (4) Low and high temperatures
Sol. Answer (3)

34. Figure showing different trophic level.

Level-5(X)
Level-4
Level-3(Y)
Level-2
Level-1(Z)

If X, Y and Z is concentration of pesticide in level 5, 3 and 1 respectively, what is the relationship of X and Z
with Y, respectively
Y Y
(1) Y and 100 Y (2) Y on both (3) and 100 Y (4) 100 Y and
100 100
Sol. Answer (4)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Environmental Chemistry 87
35. A greenhouse effect causing gas which turns lime water milky, when is treated with carbon gives compound
B. Which of the following statements is not correct regarding B?
(1) It binds with haemoglobin (2) It is also green house effect causing gas
(3) It is one of serious air pollutant (4) It is lethal gas
Sol. Answer (2)

36. When rain is accompanied by a thunderstorm, the collected rain water will have a pH value
(1) Slightly higher than that when the thunderstorm is not there
(2) Uninfluenced by occurrence of thunderstorm
(3) Which depends upon the amount of dust in air
(4) Slightly lower than that of rain water without thunderstorm
Sol. Answer (4)

37. About 20 km above the earth there is an ozone layer, which one of the following statement about ozone and
ozone layer is true?
(1) Ozone layer is beneficial to us because ozone cuts out the ultraviolet radiation of the sun
(2) The convertion of ozone to oxygen is an endothermic reaction
(3) Ozone is a triatomic linear molecule
(4) Ozone layer is harmful to us because it cuts out a radiation useful for photosynthesis
Sol. Answer (1)

38. Select the incorrect statement

(1) PAN, aldehydes, ketones, phenols, acid rain are secondary pollutants
(2) In Bhopal gas tragedy, the extremely toxic and deadly methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas leaked from a storage
tank
(3) By green chemistry we mean producing the chemicals of our daily needs
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

39.
A + B

Damage to Water vapour

vegetation
Gas 1 + Gas 2
Aquatic life in
Industries danger

Automobiles

Gas 1, Gas 2, A and B respectively are

(1) SO2, NO2, HNO3, H2SO4 (2) SO2, NO2, H2SO4, HNO3
(3) SO3, NO2, H2SO4, HNO3 (4) SO3, NO, HNO3, H2SO4
Sol. Answer (2)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
88 Environmental Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-2)

40. Clean water with BOD value and pH range when it is recommended as a drinking water respectively should
be
(1) Less than 5 ppm and 5.5 to 9.5 (2) More than 5 ppm and 5.5 to 9.5
(3) More than 10 ppm and 3 to 4 (4) More than 15 ppm and 8 to 10
Sol. Answer (1)

SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions
Comprehension-I
Pollutants are the substances which present in the environment in greater proportion than its natural abundance
and resulting in harmful or deterimental effect on the quality of environment. Generally highly toxic substances are
considered to be pollutants. However even substances that are normally considered harmless can cause pollution
if they are present in underirable concentration. Over-exploitation of natural resources uncontrolled mechanisation
deforestation and extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides have brought about many changes in different
component of the environment.

1. Acid rain is due to the increase in the concentration of ..... in the atmospheres
(1) O3 (2) CH4 (3) SO2 and NO2 (4) O2 and CO
Sol. Answer (3)

2. Eutrophication causes reduction in

(1) Dissolved nitrogen (2) Dissolved oxygen
(3) Dissolved carbon dioxide (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)

3. Which one of the air pollutant is most toxic?

(1) NO2 (2) SO2 (3) CO2 (4) CO
Sol. Answer (4)

Comprehension-II
Stratosphere contains a stable layer of ozone molecules which absorbs UV radiation from the sun. The presence
of ozone in atmosphere serves as a shield to protect living organism on earth from the harmful effects of the solar
ultraviolet radiation. The ultraviolet radiation are known to cause skin cancer. Ozone is formed in stratosphere by
the following photochemical reactions.
UV
O2(g) 
 O(g) + O(g)
UV
O(g) + O2(g) O3(g)
Ozone is thermodynamically unstable and decomposes to molecular oxygen. Thus a dynamic equilibrium exists
between the production and decomposition of ozone molecules.

1. Earth is protected from UV radiation by

(1) Carbon dioxide layer (2) Nitrogen layer (3) Ozone layer (4) Oxygen layer
Sol. Answer (3)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Environmental Chemistry 89
2. The air pollutant which are responsible to deplete the ozone layer is
(1) SO2 (2) CO2
(3) CO (4) Oxides of nitrogen and CFCs
Sol. Answer (4)

3. Maximum quantity of ozone is present in

(1) Stratosphere (2) Mesosphere (3) Troposphere (4) Thermosphere
Sol. Answer (1)

SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions :
1. STATEMENT-1 : Ozone protects earth from harmful UV radiations.
and
STATEMENT-2 : CFCs are main source for ozone layer depletion.
Sol. Answer (2)

2. STATEMENT-1 : Classical smog occurs in cool and humid climate.

and
STATEMENT-2 : It is also termed as oxidising smog.
Sol. Answer (3)

3. STATEMENT-1 : One of the sources of carbon monoxide production is automobile exhaust.

and
STATEMENT-2 : CO is produced as a result of incomplete combustion of fuel in automobile engines.
Sol. Answer (1)

4. STATEMENT-1 : CO is poisonous air pollutant.

and
STATEMENT-2 : CO binds with haemoglobin of blood and decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of blood.
Sol. Answer (1)

5. STATEMENT-1 : Water is polluted by organic wastes.

and
STATEMENT-2 : The amount of organic wastes is measured by the BOD.
Sol. Answer (2)

6. STATEMENT-1 : DDT is non-biodegradable pesticide.

and
STATEMENT-2 : DDT refer to dichloro diphenyl toluene.
Sol. Answer (3)

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456
90 Environmental Chemistry Solution of Assignment (Set-2)

7. STATEMENT-1 : In presence of sunlight NO2 breaks up into nitric oxide and free oxygen atom.
and
STATEMENT-2 : NO2 is the one of the sources of photochemical smog.
Sol. Answer (2)

8. STATEMENT-1 : Presence of excess of CO2 in atmosphere can increase the temperature of earth’s atmosphere.
and
STATEMENT-2 : CO2 is colourless and odourless gas.
Sol. Answer (2)

9. STATEMENT-1 : Excess of CO2 in the air can be removed by green plants.

and
STATEMENT-2 : Green plants absorbs CO2 in photosynthesis.
Sol. Answer (1)

10. STATEMENT-1 : Deficiency of fluoride in drinking water is harmful to human being.

and
STATEMENT-2 : Fluoride concentration more than 10 ppm causes harmful effect to bones and teeth.
Sol. Answer (2)

  

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Corporate Office: Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456