DENTAL CARIES

Dental caries (tooth decay) is a major oral health problem in most industrialized countries,
affecting 60–90% of schoolchildren and the vast majority of adults.

Dental caries is the scientific term for tooth decay or cavities. It is caused by specific types of
bacteria Mutans streptococci (MS). They produce acid that destroys the tooth's enamel and the
layer under it, the dentin. The early manifestation of the caries process is a small patch of
demineralised (softened) enamel at the tooth surface, often hidden from sight in the fissures
(grooves) of teeth or in between the teeth. The destruction spreads into the softer, sensitive part
of the tooth beneath the enamel (dentine).

CAUSES

The cause of dental caries are not maintaining oral hygiene, like-Incorrect brushing technique,
insufficient brushing, and not cleaning properly tooth cap (if you are using) ,between the teeth,
and after taking food, Taking excess sugar reach foods, (chacolet, sweets)

Dental caries is caused by the action of acids on the enamel surface. The acid is produced when
sugars (mainly sucrose) in foods or drinks react with bacteria present on the tooth surface.

People with dental caries may have chewing problem, talking problem,
sensitivity problem and if needed tooth extraction is performed which will reduce the beauty of
face.

PREVENTION

 You should brush teeth at least twice a day with a fluoride-containing toothpaste.
Preferably, brush after each meal and especially before going to bed.
 Teeth should be cleaned daily with dental floss or interdental cleaners,
 Don’t neglect by thinking that tooth decay cant damage permanent teeth if it occours in
the primary teeth.
 Rinse daily with a fluoride-containing mouthwash. Some rinses also have antiseptic
ingredients to help kill bacteria that cause plaque.
 You should eat nutritious and balanced meals and limit snacks. Avoid carbohydrates such
as candy, pretzels and chips, which can remain on the tooth surface. If sticky foods are
eaten, brush your teeth soon afterwards.
 You should consult dentist about dental sealants (a plastic protective coating) applied to
the chewing surfaces of your back teeth (molars) to protect them from decay.
 Drink fluoridated water. At least a pint of fluoridated water each day is needed to protect
children from tooth decay.
 You should visit dentist regularly for professional cleanings and oral exam.