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Gamma Engine
1. Preface
2. Application
3. Gamma engine
4. Overview
5. Changed parts
6. Driving Belt – Serpentine type
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7. Timing Chain
8. Cylinder Head
9. Crankshaft Offset
10. MLA (Mechanical Lash Adjuster)
11. Coolant Passage
12. Changed item – Cylinder Block / Cylinder Head
13. Changed item – Exhaust Manifold / Delivery Pipe
14. Changed item – Others
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1. Preface
The gamma engine (1.4L) & 1.6L) is applied for PB (i20). The Gamma engine is already applied for
HD ELANTRA. But, several items are changed for improving performance and reducing emission.
The changed items are cylinder block, LRSP, exhaust manifold, thermostat, piston, and crankshaft
and so on. In this training manual, changed items and new items will be mentioned. For more detail
information or specifications, please refer to the relevant workshop manual and electrical
troubleshooting manual. We hope that this chapter will be of optimal use with the diagnosis and on-
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site servicing of the system.
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2. Application
Transmission Area
Engine
M/T A/T Europe General India
Kappa 1.2L
- - ○
(1,197cc)
M5EF2 -
Kappa 1.25L
○ ○ -
(1,248cc)
Gasoline
Gamma 1.4 ● ● -
M5CF1-1 A4CF1
Gamma 1.6 ● ● -
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U 1.4 M5CF2-1 - ○ ○ -
Diesel
U-II 1.6 M6CF3-1 - ○ - -
PB has 6 types of engine. Those are 4 variants for gasoline (Kappa 1.2 and 1.25, Gamma 1.4 and 1.6) and
2 variants for Diesel CRDI (U-I 1.4 and U-II1.6) respectively. The Kappa engine is being used for PA (i10)
and it matches only M/T, gamma gasoline engine is being used for ELANTRA (HD) and i30 (FD). The U-II
engine is enhanced from U-I engine and it is applied in HMC model for the first time. Gamma engine has a
CVVT system but kappa engine does not. U- I 1.4 WGT and U-II 1.6 VGT engine have 2 variants; low
power and high power model.
3. Gamma engine
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γ - 1.4 CVVT
Engine γ - 1.6 CVVT (Europe / General)
(Europe / General)
◆ Timing Chain
◆ CVVT standard
◆ BOSCH PCM
◆ Serpentine belt
◆ Integrated CCC
The Gamma engine is a successor model of Alpha II. Many mechanical components are changed but EMS
is same as alpha II. The gamma engine uses BOSCH EMS. Mainly the Gamma engine is similar to the
Theta engine. Following is the main features of gamma engine;
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different.
7) Direct driven valve train [solid tappet]
- MLA (Mechanical Lash Adjuster) type valve train is applied.
8) Plastic intake manifold
- Length/Cross-sectional shape is optimized for enhancing torque at all rpm zone.
- As the material is changed (aluminum plastic), the air flowing resistance is enhanced so the output
and torque is increased.
9) Stainless steel exhaust manifold
- Stainless steel exhaust manifold is applied to prevent from cooling down the exhaust gas temperature
quickly.
4. Overview
Effect
Item
Performance Emission NVH Weight Cost Endurance
Al cylinder block ●
Reverse In/Ex
● ● ● ●
Manifold
CVVT ● ●
Solid Tappet ● ●
Timing Chain ●
Serpentine belt ● ● ●
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SUS Ex/Manifold ● ● ●
Ladder Frame ● ●
Offset crank ●
5. Changed parts
Fuel
Parts Performance Durability Compatibility Remark
economy
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Delivery pipe X Rectangular type, no damper
◆ Crank shaft, Timing chain, CVVT, MLA, Intake manifold and Ladder frame are not changed.
Idler
◆ Driving belt
- Serpentine type (One-Belt type)
- With MDPS
- Weight and size is reduced
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Alternator
A/C compressor
Water Pump
Driving belt
- By driving all auxiliary machineries using one serpentine belt, the alignment of the auxiliary machinery
is optimized and the vibration by rotating is reduced so that vibrating amplitude is reduced.
- As auto tensioner is employed, the belt endurance is enhanced
7. Timing Chain
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For Gamma For Theta
Aligning is same as theta timing aligning. In theta and gamma engine timing system ratchet type auto
tensioner is used. Right is for theta and left is for gamma. Mounting position is same but length of piston is
different.
- By employing low noise chain, the chain meshing noise and crashing noise are reduced.
- Reinforcing timing chain cover strength and enhancing the sounds
- The endurance is enhanced by changing the timing chain.
- By employing variable valve timing system, the torque for low or middle speed is optimized and fuel
efficiency is enhanced.
1) Dispose the crank axis sprocket half-circle key to the horizontal line of the cylinder block assembling
surface to align with 1st cylinder top dead center.
2) Meet the TDC mark of the intake·/ exhaust cam shaft sprocket to the upper surface of the cylinder
head. (There are two marks on the cam shaft sprocket surface. Between them, align to the ‘━’ TDC
mark. Note: ‘●’: Timing Chain Mark)
3) Turn the timing chain to meet the crank axis sprocket timing mark (‘●’) to the middle position of the
colored link of the chain.
4) Meet the intake·/ exhaust cam shaft sprocket timing mark (‘●’) to the middle position of the colored
link of the chain.
5) Install the timing chain guide (A).
6) Install the timing chain guide (B).
7) Install the auto tensioner after fixing it with a fixing pin by pushing the rod of the auto tensioner
thoroughly.
8) After the fixing pin is removed, check the timing chain whether it is properly installed or not.
9) After turn the crank axis shaft with two rotations, check the timing chain mark.
[Remark]
When the timing chain is installed, do not apply excessive force. (to prevent the timing chain link being
distorted)
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8. Cylinder Head
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◆ Cylinder Head
- Aluminum block
- Tightening Torque
Cylinder head
- AC2B-T7 aluminum
- Weight : 9.5kg
- Tightening torque: 2.0kgf-m + 90˚ + 100˚
Camshaft cap
There is an arrow mark on camshaft cap. When assembling let that arrow mark face to timing chain side.
9. Crankshaft Offset
Offset
Center of Cylinder bore
◆ Crankshaft offset
- For reducing fuel consumption
- To increase inertia moment offset
crank shaft is used
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Center of Crankshaft
◆ Valve Clearance
◆ Tappet
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When MLA valve clearance is checked, the engine status is basically at room temperature, that is the
At first, the clearance of γ-Engine is 0.17~0.23mm for intake valve and 0.22~0.28mm for exhaust valve.
If the valve clearance is exceeding the regulated value, at first, noise problem is considered. Further it may
affect to engine performance. For acquiring wanted performance in engine, the clearance deviation of each
cylinder should be minimized and the camshaft should press the valve at exact timing. Therefore, the valve
clearance should be adjusted to standard value
HEAD BLOCK R
A
D
I
A
T
O
R
HEATER, T/BODY
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W/PUMP ASSY
Coolant passage
A/C ECT(℃)
A/CON Pressure (kg/ cm2) VS(KPH)
S/W
-30 60 95 100 105
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HD PB Remark
Applied LRSP
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- M14 -> M12
Side wall is removed from convention gamma engine. It is for enhancing engine cooling. So, Head gasket
is changed. The water jacket is expanded at exhaust side. It can control lean A/F ratio by reducing
temperature of exhaust gas. Also exhaust side water jacket of spark plug circumference is expanded. It is
for improving fuel consumption by controlling spark timing (advanced) by improving knock characteristic.
Spark plug is changed (M12 Long Reach Spark plug)
HD PB Remark
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- Damper is removed.
- Delivery capacity is increased.
(43cc → 92cc)
Exhaust System
Delivery Pipe
E
A
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Counter Weight
- 82℃/95℃ → 88℃/103℃
Thermostat