NAMA : MUSOLIAN AFTON

NIM : 25000118120010
KELAS : A 2018
FAKULTAS : KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT (FKM)

KEMENTERIAN RISET , TEKNOLOGI DAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI

UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO
FAKULTAS KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, S.H. – Tembalang Semarang, Indonesia 50275
+62 24 – 7460044 Fax : +62 24 – 7460044
http://www.fkm.undip.ac.id email: fkm@undip.ac.id

Soal Pengganti UTS

MATA KULIAH Bahasa Inggris
PENGAMPU Dr. Jozef Bambang Tri Joga, MPd
Kelas 1A

Could a Vaccine Fight HIV?

HIV drugs have vastly improved the quality of life for many of people living with HIV and
AIDS, but they can't yet cure the infection. Someone at high risk for HIV can take a pill to
help prevent an infection, but they'll have to take one every day. This method, called PrEP,
isn't 100% effective. PrEP means Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, and it’s the use of anti-HIV
medications to keep HIV negative people from becoming infected. PrEP is approved by the
FDA and has been shown to be safe and effective at preventing HIV infection.

That's why researchers are working hard to create an HIV vaccine. A vaccine prevents or
controls a specific infection by training the body's immune system to fight it. Over the years,
scientists have made vaccines for diseases including typhoid, measles, influenza,
and smallpox. More money has been spent on finding an HIV vaccine than on any other in
history. Although it's been decades since the discovery of the virus, we still don't have a
vaccine for it. Why? Developing one is almost always a long process. It took 47 years to
come up with a polio vaccine!

An HIV vaccine is even more difficult because:

 The HIV virus makes copies of itself very quickly.
 Many types of HIV exist, and new types keep forming.
 HIV has clever ways of "outwitting" the immune system.
Scientists are still trying to figure out specifically how the immune system could prevent HIV
infection. Despite the complex challenges, many researchers are hopeful about the prospects
of an HIV vaccine.
Two Kinds of Vaccines
Preventive vaccines train your immune system to "recognize" and fight off HIV before the
virus causes a long-term infection and makes you sick. They're for people who are HIV-
negative. Someday, a vaccine may be able to prevent HIV infection in all, most, or some
people. Because they don't contain any live virus, these vaccines can't give you HIV. But
they might prompt your immune system to make antibodies that would show up on
a blood test and give you a false positive result.

Therapeutic vaccines help control infection and delay the progression of the disease. They
work by ramping up your immune system to find and kill HIV-infected cells and by
preventing or limiting HIV from making copies of itself. They're being tested in people who
are already HIV-positive but who have healthy immune systems.

1. Answer the questions below according to the content of the above reading text
1. The present medication for HIV has been improved vasly. Do you think that this has
solved the problem completely? Why?
` Answer
No, I don’t. I don’t think that this has solved the problem completely because HIV drugs
only to help prevent an infection for HIV high-risk group. HIV drugs can’t yet cure the
infection. HIV has not been fully eradicted, or even there are many possibilities that HIV is
increasingly resistant to it.

2. What is the connection between the medication which is called PrEP with the overall
treatment given to the patient suffering from HIV?
Answer
The connection between the medication which is called PrEP whith the overall treatment
given to the patient suffering from HIV is that PrEP method is a part of treatment where
the pill contains anti-HIV are given to the patients. Anti-HIV given to help prevent an
infection and to keep HIV negative for the high-risk group from becoming infected.

3. It will certainly take many years to get good result for the scientists to create the effective
vaccine to combat the disease. Why is it so, clarify and compare with the other vaccine.
Answer
Scientist is certainly take many year to get good result to create the effective vaccine to
combat disease that caused by HIV virus is because
 The HIV virus makes copies of itself very quickly.
 Many types of HIV exist, and new types keep forming.
 HIV has clever ways of "outwitting" the immune system.
Almost all vaccine took many time on its developing caused by it has a long process. Polio
vaccine took 47 years to come up and could treat polio disease.

4. How will you explain in short the two types of HIV medication?
Answer
There are two types of HIV drugs, preventive vaccines and therapeutic vaccines.
Preventive vaccines are for people who are HIV-negative. This vaccine will train your
immune system to “recognize” and eliminate the HIV viruses before it cause infection on
your body. Second, therapeutic vaccines, to help you to control the infection and delay the
 progression of the disease caused by the infection. This vaccine will ramping up your
immune system to find and kill HIV-infected cells and limit the virus multiplication
process .

5. How does the preventive vaccine of HIV work?

Answer
The work of preventive vaccine of HIV is train the immune system to “recognize” and
eliminate the HIV viruses before it cause the cells of your body get an infection and it
make you sick.

2. Read the following statements carefully and when you find the statements are false,
not in the same idea with the reading text, then you have to rewrite them.

1. The method PrEP is only effective for people who have a great risk to get infected
with HIV virus.. (False)
The method PrEP can help someone who have a great risk to prevent them from
infection due to HIV, but it isn’t 100% effective.

2. The cost of making HIV vaccine has spent more dollars than the other previous ones.
(True)

3. After somebody get the virus of HIV in his body, the virus will multiply itself so
quickly and vastly. (True)

4. The preventive vaccine is suitable for people with long time suffering from the
disease. (False)
The preventive vaccine is suitable for people who are HIV-negative.

5. The HIV virus is a kind of virus which is categorized easy to combat. (False)
The HIV virus is a category of viruses that are difficult to combat.

3. Combine the two sentences to be one sentence using the relative pronoun who, which,
whom, whose

1. The scientist is still consistent in pursuing the long time research. It has been lasting
for a decade.
The scientist is still consistent in pursuing the long time research wich is has been
lasting for a decade.

2. Preventive vaccines will be better to be given to people working in entertainment

industry with big risk of having infected with HIV. The Vaccine train your immune
system to "recognize" and fight off HIV,
 Preventive vaccines which is train your immune system to "recognize" and fight off
HIV will be better to be given to people working in entertainment industry with big
risk of having infected with HIV.

3. Combating HIV virus takes serius and continuous research. Its capability of
multiplying its cell is so quickly and vastly.
Combating HIV virus which is capability of multiplying its cell is so quickly and
vastly takes serius and continuous research.

4. The scientist is making vaccine for diseases including HIV,

typhoid, measles, influenza, and smallpox. Last night we saw him doing the
presentation in the conference.
The scientist whom we saw him doing the presentation in the conference last night is
making vaccine for diseases including HIV, typhoid, measles, influenza,
and smallpox.

5. The person works in the hospital laboratory. The researcher is persistently working
the research to find a cure that controls the virus in the absence of antiretrovir al
treatment (ART) remains an important step to ending the epidemic.1
The person who is researcher is persistently working the research to find a cure that
controls the virus in the absence of antiretrovir al treatment (ART) remains an
important step to ending the epidemic works in the hospital laboratory.

4. Complete the following sentences with the correct phrasal verb in brackets
1. Our boss ___puts on____ his glasses when he explains the chart on the LCD. (putting on,
puts on, put on)
2. Could you ___turn down____ the radio while I'm on the phone? I can’t hardly hear his
voice (tun on, turn down, turn around,)
3. I don't ___get along____ well with all my colleagues. (get along get over, get on with)
4. We both ____look forward___to meeting your research scientists. (look, look up, look
forward)
5. My car ___broke away____ on the highway today.(broke down, broke off, broke away)
6. Excuse me. Where can I _try over_ the shirt? (try, try on, try over)
7. Can I __carry out_ reading now? (carry out, carry over, carry on)
8. If you don't _get in__ on the train now, it will leave without you (get on, get in, get out)
9. Would you ___look after____ my dog for me this weekend? (look, look after, look up)
10. My neighbour ___run out of____ eggs yesterday. (ran, ran out of, ran into)

DO WELL IN STOPPING AIDS