5G Perspectives

Prof.
Roberto Verdone
www.robertoverdone.org
5G Perspectives:
A Journey Through
Smart Cities, Industry 4.0 ...
Roberto Verdone
Full Professor
Radio Networks
DEI, University of Bologna
Prof. Roberto Verdone
Industry 4.0
Cyber Physical System
collector
sensors
actuators
controller
Internet of Things
IoT Control
gateway
sensors cloud
big data
Internet
External
controller
actuators
user
controller
Internet of Things
IoT Monitoring
gateway
sensors cloud
big data
Internet
External
controller
user
A Journey Through Smart Cities, Industry 4.0 ...

A Journey
A Journey
Homo Connexus
A Journey Smart Cities
?
Homo Connexus
Industry 4.0
time ?
Homo Connexus
Industry 4.0
time
Experience
Homo Connexus
Industry 4.0
A Journey
human-to-human interaction
radio tv pc 1G www iphone
2010 2020
6G
1920 2007 time
Experience
A Journey
2010 2020
6G
1920 2007 time
Experience
RFid IoT
physical-world-to-human interaction
1939 2003
A Journey
2010 2020
6G
1920 2007 time
today Experience
RFid IoT
physical-world-to-human interaction
1939 2003
Outline
1)  Internet of Things
2)  Smart Cities
3)  5G
4)  What is 5G for?
5)  Conclusions
1) Internet of Things
Internet of Things
From “Sensor Networks: A Bridge to the Physical World”
by Jeremy Elson and Deborah Estrin (2003)
THE QUAKE
Internet of Things
THE QUAKE
It was in the afternoon of an otherwise unremarkable Thursday that

the Great Quake of 2053 hit Southern California.
The quake was enormous, even by California standards.

Internet of Things
THE QUAKE
The Mohave desert had been instrumented by scientists for more than a century.
By the turn of the century, many seismometers were connected to the Internet.
By the mid 2040’s, the vast, desolate expanse of the desert floor
was home to nearly a million tiny sensors.
Internet of Things
THE QUAKE
It was a few dozen of those sensors that first sensed unusual acceleration in the ground.
In a few tenths of a second, the earth’s movement had the attention

of thousands of seismometers within a few miles of the epicenter.
The network soon reached consensus: this was an earthquake.

It was a dangerous one.
Internet of Things
THE QUAKE
The information hopped from one node to the next. After 41 miles,
it finally reached a wired communication access point.
Four seconds had passed since the quake began.

Once there, the alarm spread almost instantly to every city.
The new generation of smart structures in Los Angeles

learned of the quake nearly thirty seconds
before it arrived.
Internet of Things
THE QUAKE
Tense moments passed.

Sirens blared as every traffic light turned red,
every elevator stopped and opened at the nearest floor.
Finally, the silence was broken, a low rumble, a deafening roar.
The earth rolled and shook violently.

Internet of Things
THE QUAKE
The city could not completely escape damage. Many older homes collapsed.
Rescue crews arrived with Portable Emergency Survivor Locators.

Each was a nylon package containing thousands of tiny sensors
that could disperse themselves as the package was thrown.
Back at the rescue truck,

a map of the structure began to appear.
People were visible as heat sources.
Chemical sensors began to detect

abnormal traces of natural gas…
Internet of Things
THE QUAKE
By Monday, Southern California had returned to normal.
The 2053 quake came and went, thanks largely to the pervasive sensors (the IoT).
Internet of Things
THE QUAKE
To many people in 2003, using technology to prevent such a catastrophe

must have seemed fanciful and improbable.
As improbable as 2003’s globally interconnected network of

nearly a billion computers (the Internet!)
must have seemed to those in 1953.
Indeed, even as improbable as 1953’s “electronic brain”

must have seemed to those in 1903,
who would soon experience their own Great Earthquake
in San Francisco.
Internet of Things
Environmental Monitoring
Internet of Things
Smart Agriculture Connected Cars
Smart
Farming
Smart Spaces
Smart
Smart Cities Buildings
Internet of Things
Smart Agriculture Connected Cars

Smart Manufacturing
Smart
Farming
Smart Spaces
Smart
Smart Cities Buildings
Internet of Things
gateway
Internet
External
controller
user
controller
2) Smart Cities
Smart Cities
You - can - do - it!

Gene Wilder
(Frankinstein Junior)
Smart City Exhibition

Bologna, 2012
Smart Cities
•  For the Citizen

elder people
vehicular and pedestrian traffic
urban spaces
…
•  For the Townhall / Utilities

garbage collection
energy bill
…
•  For the Environment

natural resources (gas, water, energy, …)
pollution control
…
Smart Cities
Smart Cities
Responsible for 50% of energy bill
Potential reduction of consumption: 20-40%
Lamp Posts equipped with sensors, actuators, connectivity
solar artificial Lamp post

Night hours
Ground luminosity Time evolution

Smart Cities
Internet
Monitoring
and control
gateway
Smart Cities
Internet
Monitoring
and control
gateway
Smart Cities
LoRa at 868 MHz
Bit rate up to 10 Kbit/s, latencies of 2 s
Very low consumption
Internet
Monitoring
and control
gateway
Smart Cities
LoRa at 868 MHz
Bit rate up to 10 Kbit/s, latencies of 2 s
Very low consumption
NB-IOT over 4G
Bit rate up to 1 Mbit/s, latencies of 2 s
Low consumption
Internet
Monitoring
and control NB-IOT
gateway
Smart Cities
A lamp post is not a lamp post is not a lamp post
High Powers
High Costs
investment
maintenance
Breakeven after 5-10 years
City Governance...
Smart Cities
Through service integration

the project was sustainable financially …
Smart Cities
Through service integration

the project was sustainable financially …
3) 5G
5G: Trends
User Throughput
time
’90 ’00 ’10 ‘20
2G 3G 4G 5G
Rb 271 Kbit/s 2 Mbit/s 100 Mbit/s >1 Gbit/s
10 - 500 Kbit/s 2 - 50 Mbit/s 150 - 4000 Mbit/s > 100 Gbit/s
x 100 x 100 x 100
5G: Trends
Latency
time
’90 ’00 ’10 ‘20
2G 3G 4G 5G
300 ms 100 ms 10 ms 1 ms
5G: Trends
5G Today
A Platform for Digital Society
2
5G: Trends
•  Automotive
•  Manufacturing (Industry 4.0)
•  Media
•  Energy
•  Health
•  Public Safety
•  Smart Cities
5G: Trends
mMTC
URLLC
eMBB
5G: Trends
mMTC
Low (?)
Consumption
Latency URLLC
1 ms
Throughput
> 10 Gbit/s
eMBB
4) What is 5G For?
What is 5G For?
•  V2X Communications
•  Industrial IoT (Industry 4.0)
What is 5G For?
•  Industrial IoT
What is 5G For?
Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects;

Service Requirementta for the 5G System; Stage 1 (Release 16),
3GPP TS 22.261, June 2018.
What is 5G For?

3GPP TS 22.261, June 2018.
What is 5G For?

3GPP TS 22.261, June 2018.
What is 5G For?
•  V2X Communications à ???
What is 5G For?
•  Industrial IoT à control
gateway
sensors cloud
big data
Internet
External
controller
actuators
user
controller
What is 5G For?
sensors cloud
big data
Internet
External
controller
actuators
user
controller
What is 5G For?
«1 ms of latency is too much!»

What is 5G For?
•  Industrial IoT à monitoring
HMI gateway
sensors cloud
big data
Internet
Digital Twin
user
Predictive maintenance
What is 5G For?
HMI
sensors cloud
big data
Internet
Digital Twin
user
Predictive maintenance
What is 5G For?
«Internet is not secure!»

What is 5G For?
•  Industrial IoT à ???
6) Conclusions
5G-NR for Wireless IoT Connectivity?

5G-NR for Wireless IoT Connectivity?
?
Innovation Manager
Formazione 4.0
5G-NR: Mobile Broadband (eMBB)

5G-NR: Fixed Wireless Access (eMBB)

5G-NR: UAVs (URLLC)
www.idesio.com
5G-NR: Art (URLCC)
Mischa Dohler, KCL

https://bit.ly/2yXcHXd
5G as an Ecosystem
AI
LoRa
Big Data
WiFi
Blockchain
LTE
Cloud
CV2X
Beyond 5G-NR
Beyond 5G: Experience
sight mind
hearing
smell
touch
taste
Beyond 5G: Experience
From “Human-to-Human Full Experience and Physical-World-to-Human Interaction”

by Roberto Verdone (2019)
THE CRASH
www.robertoverdone.org à Posts
Feedback: roberto.verdone@unibo.it

5G Perspectives

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Prof.

Cyber Physical System

A Journey Through Smart Cities, Industry 4.0 ...

A Journey Smart Cities

A Journey Smart Cities

A Journey Smart Cities

radio tv pc 1G www iphone

radio tv pc 1G www iphone

radio tv pc 1G www iphone

1) Internet of Things

2) Smart Cities

4) What is 5G for?

It was in the afternoon of an otherwise unremarkable Thursday that

The quake was enormous, even by California standards.

In a few tenths of a second, the earth’s movement had the attention

The network soon reached consensus: this was an earthquake.

Four seconds had passed since the quake began.

The new generation of smart structures in Los Angeles

Tense moments passed.

Finally, the silence was broken, a low rumble, a deafening roar.

The earth rolled and shook violently.

Rescue crews arrived with Portable Emergency Survivor Locators.

Back at the rescue truck,

Chemical sensors began to detect

By Monday, Southern California had returned to normal.

To many people in 2003, using technology to prevent such a catastrophe

As improbable as 2003’s globally interconnected network of

Indeed, even as improbable as 1953’s “electronic brain”

Smart Agriculture Connected Cars

Smart Agriculture Connected Cars

You - can - do - it!

Smart City Exhibition

• For the Citizen

• For the Townhall / Utilities

• For the Environment

Potential reduction of consumption: 20-40%

Lamp Posts equipped with sensors, actuators, connectivity

solar artificial Lamp post

Ground luminosity Time evolution

Breakeven after 5-10 years

Through service integration

Through service integration

Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects;

Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects;

Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects;

«1 ms of latency is too much!»

«Internet is not secure!»

5G-NR for Wireless IoT Connectivity?

5G-NR for Wireless IoT Connectivity?

5G-NR: Mobile Broadband (eMBB)

5G-NR: Fixed Wireless Access (eMBB)

5G-NR: UAVs (URLLC)

5G-NR: Art (URLCC)

Mischa Dohler, KCL

Beyond 5G: Experience

Beyond 5G: Experience

From “Human-to-Human Full Experience and Physical-World-to-Human Interaction”

S-ar putea să vă placă și

1)  Internet of Things

2)  Smart Cities

4)  What is 5G for?

•  For the Citizen

•  For the Townhall / Utilities

•  For the Environment