Unit 16 - Editing Research

Media Terminology

SUBND Creative Media Production – Film & Television

Semester 1. 2018-19
Unit 16: Film and Video Editing Techniques
Level: 3. Credit Value: 10

Undertake research to understand what all the editing terms listed in unit outcomes mean?
Reference source of research.

P3 Be able to edit moving image material to produce a short genre film

Use Editing technology:

software applications,
hardware,
non-linear
high definition,
hard disc,
data transfer rates,
exporting production file types,
H264
quick-time
mov
avi
flv
compression

Task 2 - Follow Editing process:

use appropriate techniques, such as
seamless,
continuity,
motivated,
montage,
jump-cutting or
parallel editing conventions

Task 3 - Apply and use appropriate transitions:

for example
cut,
dissolve,
fade,
wipes

Task 4 - use appropriate editing conventions:

such as
cutaways,
cutting on action,
creating juxtapositions,
intercutting;
pace effectively;
convey information effectively;
use sound to create impact;
synchronise sound and vision;
mix soundtracks;
overlap sound;

Task 5 - Employ Post-production tools:

such as on
screen text;
image editing;
audio editing effects to enhance genre style

Task 6 – Produce a written report:

Research and write a report to explain what all the editing terms listed above in task mean?

Software applications - any programs on a computer that can be used to help

with film editing. Examples include iMovie, Final Cut Pro and Adobe Premier
Pro. – Technopedia

Hardware – physical tools or other machinery that can be used in the process
of filmmaking – TechTerms.Com

Non-linear – non-linear editing is editing that can be altered as will and can be
sorted into any order of sequence, due to the use of editing softwares such as
Final Cut Pro – Quora.com

High Definition – a level of video/display quality that is has a higher degree of

of detail and resolution relative to standard definition.

Hard disc – a hardware device that is used to store data and files. It may be
used to store video files, audio files or photo files that may be used later for
editing in the post-production.

Data transfer rates - The speed with which data can be transmitted from
one device to another. Data rates are often measured in megabits
(million bits) or megabytes (million bytes) per second. These are usually
abbreviated as Mbps and MBps,respectively. Another term for data
transfer rate is throughput.

H264 - H.264 or MPEG-4 Part 10, Advanced Video Coding (MPEG-4

AVC) is a block-oriented motion-compensation-based video
compression standard. As of 2014, it is one of the most commonly used
formats for the recording, compression, and distribution of video content.

Quick time - Quicktime is a multimedia development, storage, and playback

technology from Apple. Quicktime files combine sound, text, animation, and
video in a single file. Using a Quicktime player that either comes with a
Web browser or can be downloaded from Apple or the browser company, you
can view and control brief multimedia sequences.

Mov - A MOV file is a common multimedia container fileformat

developed by Apple and compatible with both Macintosh and Windows
platforms. It may contain multiple tracks that store different types of
media data and is often used for saving movies and other
video files. MOV files commonly use the MPEG-4 codec for
compression. – fileinfo.com

AVI - An AVI (Audio Video Interleaved) file is a sound and motion

picture file that conforms to the Microsoft Windows Resource
Interchange File Format (RIFF) specification. AVI files (which end with
an .aviextension) require a special player that may be included with your
Web browser or may require downloading. – techtarget.com

FLV - FLV is a file format used by Adobe Flash Player and Adobe AIR
to store and deliver synchronized audio and video streams over the
Internet. There are two different FLVformats, F4V for H.264-based
content and open FLV for other supported codecs. See also: streaming
media, SWF. – techtarget.com

Compression - File compression is a data compression method in

which the logical size of a file is reduced to save disk space for easier
and faster transmission over a network or the Internet. It enables the
creation of a version of one or more files with the same data at a size
substantially smaller than the original file. – Techopedia
Editing Techniques

Seamless editing/Continuity editing – Seamless Editing is what is also

known as invisible editing, it doesn't mean there is no editing, it means
that the cuts between shots are very well matched to the action and
flows without even noticing it. This was first perfected by DW Griffiths,
and is what is defined is seamless editing. Continuity editing is what
creates a flowing video from start to finish. It creates a smooth flow
between each clip, so that the story the director is trying to portray will
be portrayed the way he or she envisioned it. This all in all should make
the viewer more aware of the story rather than the techniques used to
create it. – vdeodevelopmentv1.blogspot.com

Motivated editing - A motivated edit is an edit which is motivated by

what you see or hear. it breaks the illusion of continuity. When there is a
reason for a different shot, a motivated cut is the least disruptive. When
an actor looks to one side in a dramatic scene, it cuts to whatever the
actor is supposed to be seeing. -
esraelalem.blogspot.com/2010/10/motivated-edit.html

Montage editing - a montage is "a single pictorial composition made by

juxtaposing or superimposing many pictures or designs." In filmmaking,
a montageis an editing technique in which shots are juxtaposed in an
often fast-paced fashion that compresses time and conveys a lot of
information in a relatively short period.-
www.elementsofcinema.com/editing/montage.html

jump-cutting - A jump cut is a transition between two shots which appears

to "jump" due to the way the shots are framed in relation to each other.
Jump cuts are usually caused by framing which is quite similar

parallel editing - Parallel editing (cross cutting) is the technique of

alternating two or more scenes that often happen simultaneously but in
different locations.

Transitions

Cut - The most basic and common type of transition is the cut. A cut happens when one
shot instantly replaces the other. Cuts are so widely used that feature movies normally
count thousands of them.
Cuts are essential for the effects of juxtaposition, especially as demonstrated by
the Kuleshov Experiment. Although most cuts exist simply for a technical need, the abrupt
replacement of one shot by the other often demands a certain interpretation from the
viewer. - http://www.elementsofcinema.com/editing/types-of-transitions/

Dissolve editing - In graphics and video editing dissolve is a term used to

describe a transition effect in which one video clip (or one image) is
gradually fads out while another image simultaneously replaces the
original one. Also called video dissolve, film dissolve, or linear light
blend. The overall objective is for the image or clip to appear to
seamlessly transition from one image to the other in a fluid motion. -
https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/dissolve.html

Fade - fade-in are used to describe a transition to and from a blank

image. This is in contrast to a cut where there is no such transition. –
freedictionary.com

Wipes - A wipe is a type of shot or scene transition where one image is

revealed over another horizontally, vertically, diagonally, or even using a
shape or pattern such as a star or diamond. Because they have a
directional aspect, unlike hard cuts or dissolves (crossfades), they can
suggest spacial movement in addition to suggesting the passage of time
between shots. They tend to draw attention to themselves and in most
contemporary filmmaking, they are often seen as sort of uncool and
passe - now mainly used for effect or ironically. -
https://www.quora.com/What-is-a-“wipe”-in-film-editing

Editing conventions

Cutaway - In a film or video, a cutaway or a cutaway shot is

a picture that shows something different from the main thing that is
being shown.

Cutting