RELIEF AND HYDROGRAPHY COLOMBIAN

Colombian relief.
The relief Assembly integrates the set of forms that are in the ground, such
as mountains, valleys, Plains and plateaus.
The Colombian relief has different forms and latitudes, allowing that in our country there is a great diversity of
landscapes, regions and climates, making it rich in natural resources: minerals, animals and vegetables.
The relief of Colombia can be divided into three zones: the Andean Mountain system, the peripheral system and
the Plains and valleys.
 The mountain system : the Andean Mountain system is formed by the Andes mountain range which
rises in the knot of pastures, in the Department of Nariño. Here is divided into three parts that form the
Western mountain range, the Cordillera Central and Cordillera Oriental.
 The peripheral system or peripheral relief : Are set which are not attached to ranges and mountains
which are distributed in various regions of our territory. They are systems which by its location or
Constitution are considered independent to the Andean system, most of which are in proximity to the
Caribbean and Pacific coasts, or in the region of los llanos. The most important are:
or La Macuira mountain range, located in the Department of La Guajira.
or La Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, located between the departments of Magdalena, Cesar and La
Guajira.
or La Serranía del Darién, located on the border with panama.
or La Serranía de Baudó, located in the Department of Choco.
or The Serranía de la Macarena, located in the Department of Meta.

 Plains and valleys: Flat areas are parts of our territory that are located at a lower height above the sea
level. Among them are the Plains and inter-Andean valleys:

or The Plains : they are the lower parts of the relief of our country and it is located in the regions of the
Caribbean, the Pacific and the East.
or The valleys : are sinking located between the mountain ranges that are crossed by a river, that
their lands are very fertile. There are three main in our country, in accordance with the importance
of the rivers which traverse them valleys: the Valley of the Magdalena river, Cauca River Valley
and the Valley of the river Atrato.
ANALYZE:
1. I read comprehensively the previous text and contextualize the following words.
a. mountains:
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b. valleys:
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c. Plains:
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d. plateaus:
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2. Write in space the word between parentheses, according to the given concept:
(Peripheral system, mountains, plains and valleys)

a. is divided into three parts that form the Western mountain range, the Cordillera Central and Cordillera
Oriental.
b. are systems which, by its location or Constitution, are considered independent to the Andean system.
____________________________
c. Flat areas are parts of our territory that are located at a lower height above the sea level. Among them are
the _____ and the _____.

HYDROGRAPHY
States, that Colombia is a country blessed by nature, thanks to, among other things, to its hydrological
richness. In our country, it has great diversity of water resources. These include oceans, lagoons, springs, rivers,
marshes, creeks, waterfalls, wetlands and up to the glacial caps covering the upper parts of some
mountains. Colombia is the only country in South America with coastlines on both oceans, which generates great
marine wealth.

Oceans, lagoons, mangroves, rivers, marshes, creeks, waterfalls, wetlands and glacial ice caps covering the
upper parts of some mountains are our water resources.

Seas: Colombia is the only country in South America with coastlines on both oceans, which generates great
marine wealth. The coast of the Caribbean is 1,600 km, while the Pacific measures 1,300 km; on both coasts of
the sea, such as the port and the fishing activities and numerous rivers flow.

Rivers: inside the water wealth is represented in many watersheds, which can be grouped in
five aspects. The hydrographic aspects are the Group of rivers with their tributaries flowing into a sea.

Colombia pose five hydrographic aspects, which are: of the Caribbean, the Pacific, of the Orinoco, in
the Amazon and Catatumbo.

Shed Features and rivers

It is the country's most important aspect, because through it develops economic
Slope of the
activities between regions. This aspect has an area of 353.319 km2 and is formed by
Caribbean
the rivers: Atrato, Magdalena, San Jorge, Cauca, Carare and Sinu.
It is comprised of more than 200 rivers of short length. Common to these rivers property
is that they are extremely plentiful, since they collect abundant rainwater in a relatively
The Pacific slope
short route. Therefore, they are not navigable rather than near their mouths. The main
ones are: sight, Patía, Baudó, San Juan and Mataje.
Large rivers make up this aspect as the Orinoco, Guaviare, Meta, the Inirida and other
Side of the Orinoco
smaller as the Vichada.
It is the world's largest shed. This slope rivers are characterized by long, flowing, so are
ideal for navigation and allow communication between the inhabitants of the villages. It
Slope of the Amazon
is formed by the rivers Amazonas, Putumayo, Caquetá, Guainía, Vaupés, Yarí,
Apaporis and Caquetá.
It is the smallest side of the five and is composed of rivers of short length, such as
The Catatumbo shed Catatumbo, del Zulia, the Sardinata, Táchira, San Miguel, the Cucutilla and the Río de
Oro.

ANALYZE:
3. I read comprehensively the previous text and contextualize the following words.
a. tributary:
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b. slope:
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c. sea:
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d. Ocean:
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CLIMATE (CLIMATES)

The Andean mountainous terrain of Colombia gives rise to the climates: warm, temperate, cold, wilderness and
perpetual snow. Each thermal floors has different temperatures and vegetation.

.
 4. Mentioned some products that are grown in the warm climates:
__________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What territories or areas have warm climates and what is its average temperature?

______________________________________________________________________
It reads and analyzes each question by selecting the correct answer:

The relief of our country is made up of three main parts: the Andean Mountain system, the peripheral system
and the Plains and valleys. Each of these parts presents special characteristics in terms of its climate, its
landforms, the people who inhabit it and resources that are in it. Our country also has one of the largest water
wealth and biodiversity of the world, i.e., with abundant water sources and a great diversity of plant and animal
species.

According to the previous text it can be inferred d. The North and South poles.
that: States, that Colombia is a country blessed by
nature, thanks to, among other things, to its
1. The Colombian relief is composed of a set of hydrological richness. In our country, it has great
forms which are found on the earth's surface, diversity of water resources. These include
these forms can be: oceans, lagoons, springs, rivers, marshes, creeks,
waterfalls, wetlands and up to the glacial caps
a. Plains, mountains, rivers, mountain ranges, covering the upper parts of some mountains
plateaus and valleys.
b. Peripheral systems 2. When we talk about water, riches we mean we
c. The Atlantic and Pacific Oceans a:
d. Of the water.
a. Water sources.
2. The relief of our country is formed by three b. Minerals that exist in Colombia.
main parts. These are: c. Mountains and ranges.
d. The Plains and valleys.
a. The central and western cordillera.
b. The Andean and central mountain system 3. The hydrographic aspects are the Group of
c. The Andean mountainous system, the peripheral rivers with their tributaries flowing into a
system and the plains and valleys. sea. Colombia pose five hydrographic
d. The mountainous system, the plains and valleys. aspects. One of these aspects is:
3. Relief refers to the different forms that the b. To. The side of the Caribbean.
earth's surface presents. Human beings c. The slope of Galeras.
modify the landscape and relief, according to d. The side of Bogota.
their needs. They are part of the Colombian e. The side of the ocean.
relief, except:
4. The Andean mountainous terrain of Colombia
A. The central, eastern, and western mountain
gives rise to thermal floors: each of the
ranges.
climates have different temperatures and
B. The Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta.
vegetation. In the case of our Sucre
C. The oriental plains.
Department presenting high temperatures,
D. The north pole.
the predominant climate is :
They are part of the Colombian relief:
a. Cold.
a. the water and air.
b. Tempered.
b. trees and animals.
c. Snows.
c. valleys and mountains.
d. Warm.
d. men and women.

1. The Plains and valleys are flat areas of our

territory that are located at a lower height
above the sea level. Among them are the
Plains and inter-Andean valleys. The plains
are :

a. Parts lower relief.

b. The highest parts of relief.
c. Intermediate parts of relief.