CONFIDENTIAL

UNIVERSITI PENOIOIKAN SULTAN lORIS

FINAL EXAMINATION

SEMESTER 1 SESSION 2015/2016

CODE: QSU 3033 COURSE: HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

DATE: 2 9 DEC 2015 DURATION: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This question paper consist s of TWO (2) sections: A and B

2. Answer ALL questions from Section A in the MeQ sheets provided.

3. Answer ONE (1) question from Section B in the answer booklet provided.

4. Question paper will be collected immediately after the examination.

THIS QUESTION PAPER CONTAINS 13 PAGES INCLUDING COVER PAGE

PROGRAMME:

YEAR: CLASS GROUP:

REGISTRATION NO :
--------

IDENTITY CARD NO:

LECTURER: DR RUAIBAH YAZANI BINTI TENGAH / PN NOORAIWA BINTI ROSMAN

DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

CONFIDENTIAL
 QSU 3033: Human Anatomy And Physiology
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SECTIONA (40 Marks).

INSTRUCTION: This section consists of 40 MUltiple Choice Questions (MCQs).

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. All questions must be answered in the MCQ sheets.

-----]:-.---WhutisLhemnirrfunction-ofvnlves-withiIrthe-uirculntol)'System?--��-----------��---

A. Permit blood to circulate rapidly.

B. Prevent blood from moving too rapidly.
C. Stop the circulation whenever necessary.
D. Prevent blood from moving in the wrong direction.

2. Which of these most correctly traces the path of blood from the heart to a kidney and
back to the heart again?

A. Left ventricle, renal artery, kidney, renal vein, inferior vena cava, right atrium.
B. Right atrium, aorta, renal artery, kidney, renal vein, inferior vena cava, left
atrium.
C. Left ventricle, inferior vena cava, renal vein, kidney, renal artery, aorta, right
atrium.
D. Left ventricle, aorta, renal artery, kidney, renal vein, inferior vena cava, right
atrium.

3. What is the factor usually caused heart murmurs?

A. Heart attack.
B. Malfunctioning of the valves.
C. Swishing of blood past the valves.
D. Normal opening and closing of the valves.

4. If we had a two-chambered heart (one atrium, and one ventricle) with the vena cava
entering the atrium and the aorta leaving the ventricle, which of the following would
be true?

A. No oxygen would reach the cells.

B. There would be no bodily circulation.
C. No blood would reach the head and neck.
D. The blood would be unable to carry food to the cells.

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QSU 3033: Human Anatomy And Physiology

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5. Normal blood pressure is considered to be 120/80. What does the "120" represent?

A. The pressure in the veins.

B. The highest ideal arterial pressure for someone at rest.
C. The maximum pressure that can be sustained by the arteries before bursting.
D. The lowest pressure in the arteries that will keep someone from fainting when
they stand up.
-----� -�.-�------ ... -----.---.---- .. --.- ..

6. What body structure protects the lungs from outside harm?

A. Cartilage.
B. Tiny sacs.
C. The rib cage.
D. The diaphragm.

7. When we breathe in, we inhale many gases, including oxygen. What happens to the
gases that the body can't use?

A. They are exhaled.

B. They are changed into oxygen by the lungs.
C. They circulate through the body and are disposed oflater.
D. They are absorbed into the digestive system and used to create energy.

8. What is the difficulty that asthma patient' has to face during breathing?

A. Constriction trachea.
B. Constriction bronchi.
C. Constriction alveloli.
D. Constriction terminal bronchioles.

9. Given these lung volumes:

1. Tidal volume =
500 ml.
2. Residual volume =
1000 ml.
3. Inspiratory volume =
2500 ml.
4. Expiratory volume =
1000 ml,
5. Dead space =
1000 ml.

How much the vital capacity?

A. 3000 mL.
B. 3500 mL.
C. 4000 mL.
D. 5000 mL.

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QSU 3033: Human Anatomy And Physiology

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10. A team of road cyclists train at high altitude for a month before competition. What will
happen to the respiratory system?

A. It will increase lung capacity to absorb more oxygen.

B. Alveolar will expand the size to produce more haemoglobin.
C. Higher place will have lower oxygen volume thus activate homeostasis system.
D. Training at higher place will promote the effectiveness of gas exchange between
cells.

11. Where is the major target tissue for glucagon?

A. Liver.
B. Heart.
C. Brain.
D. Stomach.

12. What will happened ifblood glucose decreases below normal levels?

A. Breakdown of fat will increase.

B. Breakdown of protein increase.
C. The nervous system will excite.
D. A large amount of urine will be produced.

13. What will happen to the growing children With deficiency in anterior pituitary
secretion?

A. Development of acromegaly.
B. Mature sexually at an earlier than normal age.
C. Be in constant danger of becoming dehydrated.
D. Become a dwarfbut have fairly normal body proportions.

14. What will happen to the body when exercise with an empty stomach?

A. Glucagon will increase glycogen storage.

B. Insulin will lower down blood glucose level.
C. Insulin will be produce to control blood sugar level.
D. Glucagon will be secreted to change glycogen to glucose.

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QSU 3033: Human Anatomy And Physiology
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15. Which of the following hormones causes the kidneys to absorb sodium ions into the
bloodstream, reducing the loss of sodium ions to the urine?

A. Adrenaline.
B. Aldosterone.
C. Sodium peptide.
D. Atria natriuretic peptide .

..
--.-----------.�-----.---.---.-.-.--------

16. What is (are) the largest organ(s) in the body?

A. Skin.
B. Liver.
C. Lungs.
D. Intestines.

17. Which cells is producing the pigment responsible for skin colour?

A. Melanin.
B. Merkel cells.
C. Melanocytes.
D. Keratinocytes.

18. Where is the location for the receptor of sensation of touch and pressure?

A. The dermis.
B. The hypodermis.
C. The stratum corneum.

D. The stratum spinosium.

19. Which is not a true statement about the

papillary layer of the dermis?
A. It is highly vascular.
B. It is largely areolar connective tissue.
C. It contains nerve endings that respond to stimuli.
D. It is most responsible for the toughness of the skin.

20. One layer of the skin tends to thin with age. Which layer is it and what is the effect?

A. The dermis thins and the skin wrinkles.

B. The epidermis tightens causing bruises.
C. The hypodermis thickens, causing an intolerance of heat.
D. The subcutaneous (hypodermis) thins, causing an intolerance of cold.

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QSU 3033: Human Anatomy And Physiology
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·21. Which of the following factors do not affect the aging and appearance of our skin as

an adult?

A. Sun.
B. Wind.
C. Water.
D. Chemical.

------.--.------.--------�-------.----- ���.-------

22. When we look at fingers, we can see fingerprints. Which of the following layers of
our

skin are we looking at in order to see the fingerprints?

A. Papillary layer of the dermis.

B. Reticular layer of the dermis.
C. Reticular layer of the epidermis.
D. Stratum corneum of the epidermis.

23. Our throat is divided into two separate tubes: the windpipe and the gullet. What
prevents food from entering the windpipe?

A. The uvula.
B. The tongue.
C. The trachea.
D. The epiglottis.

24. Solid waste leaves the body through the rectum and then the anus. Where do you think
liquid waste leaves the body?

A. Passing kidneys and bladder.

B. Passing blood vessels and lungs.
c. Passing large intestine and bowel.
D. Passing small intestine and large intestine.

25. What is the term use to explain movements in the small intestine that churn the
materials being digested and mix them with intestinal secretions?

A. Peristalsis.
B. Segmentation.
C. Pendular motility.
D. Haustral churning.

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26. Which digestive organ mechanically and chemically transforms a food bolus into
chyme?

A. Stomach.
B. Esophagus.
C. Small intestine.
D. Large intestine.
.. �-
-----.-.-

27. What is the function ofthe villi in the small intestine?

A. To decrease the amount of exposed surface.

B. To facilitate enzyme retention and dispersal.
C. To increase the surface area for absorption and secretion.
D. To sweep particles across the surface with wavelike actions.

28. Food poisoning is caused by eating contaminated food. How can it be prevented?

A. Storing food properly.

B. Cooking meat and poultry thoroughly.
C. Washing fruits and vegetables before eating or cooking them.
D. All of the above.

29. Which of the following processes is involved in using proteins as a source of energy?

A. Glycolysis.
B. Ketogenesis.
C. Beta oxidation.
D. Oxidative deamination.

30. Which one of the following would not be a characteristic of the postabsorptive state
which occurs late in the morning, late in the afternoon or early in the morning before
breakfast?

A. Amino acids are used to synthesize proteins.

B. Glycogen is broken down to produce glucose.
C. Lactic acid isproduced and then converted to glucose in the liver.
D. Triglycerides in adipose tissue break down to glycerol and fatty acids.

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 QSU 3033: Human Anatomy And Physiology
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31. Which of the following metabolic states describes the first 4 hours after eating a meal?

A. Absorptive state.
B. Preabsorptive state.
C. Postabsorptive state.
D. None of the above.

------- -�-­

--3-2:-- Which-ofthe-fullowingrepresents-u-normal-nverage-btomtglucuscTcvclin--youn--g-----
adults?

A. 60 -
90
mgs/100mI.
B. 70 -110 mgs/lOOml.
C. 125 -160mgs/100mI.
D. 150-170mgs/lOOml.

33. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the energy needed to keep the resting body functional.
This BMR accounts for about of the energy expended during the day.

A. 7%
B. 8%
C. 20%
D. 60%

34. Which of the following is the usual amount of energy given off as heat during the
burning of food?

A. 20%
B. 40%.
C. 60%.
D. 80%.

35. Which statement is not the function oflymphatic system?

A. Lymphatic system involve in fluid retention.

B. Lymphatic system involve in fighting infection.
C. Lymphatic system contains hormones and enzyme.
D. Lymphatic system absorbs fats and other substance from the digestive tract.

36. Which is not lymphatic organ?

A. Spleen.
B. Lacteal.
C. Thymus.
D. Peyer's patch.

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37. What is the function of tonsils?

A. Activate the immune system.

B. Protective ring of lymphatic tissue.
C. Site for maturation of a class oflymphocytes.
D. Remove microorganism through the action of macrophage.

3-g�- 'Which statement

-

explains adaptive immune-systenr?------

-

A. Immediate respond to foreign substance.

B. It isaccomplish by the inflammatory responds.
C. Able to recognize and memorize particular substance.
D. It destroys foreign substance throw phagocytosis process.

39. What is natural active immunity?

A. Immunity that been transferred from other person or animal through injection.
B. Immunity that been transferred from another person such as through mother's
milk.
C. Immunity that provided by individual's own immune system through vaccine of
deliberate antigens.
D. Immunity that provided by the individual's own immune system through
natural exposure of antigens.

40. What is the aging effect to lymphatic system?

A. Increase T-cell activities.

B. Immunity system become more matured.
C. Reduce ability of primary antibody respond.
D. Increase fat absorption rate from digestive tract.

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QSU 3033: Human Anatomy And Physiology
10

SECTION B (20 Marks)

INSTRUCTION: This section consists of THREE (3) short answer questions. Answer any
ONE (1) question in the answer booklet.

QUESTION 1 (20 marks)

2.

Figure 1

a. Name all the parts labelled.

(4 marks)

b. Describe the location of the respiratory center, and name its major components.

(6 marks)

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QSU 3033: Human Anatomy And Physiology
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c. List three (3) factors that increase release of oxygen from the blood.

(3 marks)

d. Define surface tension and explain how it aids breathing.

(4 marks)

e. What are the changes to the respiratory system in response to exercise?

T'l�:W;\--�­
\. .... marks)

.QUESTION 2 (20 marks)

a. Explain why the walls of the ventricles are thicker than the walls of the atria?

(2 marks)

b. Starting at the vena cava and ending at the aorta, describe the flow of blood through
the heart.
(6 marks)

c. What does an ECG measure?

(2 marks)

d. Name the waves produced by ECG and state what events occurs during each wave?

(6 marks)

e. Endurance trained athletes often have a decreased heart rate compared to that of non

athletes when both are resting. Explain why an endurance trained athlete's heart rate
decrease rather than increase.
(4 marks)

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QSU 3033: Human Anatomy And Physiology
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QUESTION 3 (20 marks)

a. What pieces of information are needed to understand how the endocrine system
regulates body function?
(3 marks)

(2 marks)

c. For each of the following hormones secreted by posterior pituitary gland (ADH and
Oxytocin) name its target tissue and the effect of the hormone in its target tissue.

(4 marks)

d. Mr Nazir has a son who wants to be a basketball player almost as much as Mr Nazir
want him to be one. Mr Nazir knows a growth hormone and asks his
little bit about
son's doctor ifhe would prescribe some for his son, so he can grow tall. What do you
think the doctor tells Mr Nazir and what is the reason behind this?
(4 marks)

e. What effects do stress levels have on growth hormone secretion?

(4 marks)

f. Diabetes mellitus can result from a lack of insulin, which results in hyperglycemia.
Adrenal diabetes and pituitary diabetes also produce hyperglycemia. What hormones
produce the last two conditions?
(3 marks)

END OF QUESTIONS