STONE VINEERING WORK-GRANITE & MARBLE

1. The stone shall be as per Tender Specification and of

approved quality for shade thickness, etc.
2. They shall be machine cut to required sizes & machine
polished.The dressed slabs shall be of the required
thickness as specified, with permissible tolerance of +/- 2
mm for thickness upto 20mm and +/- 3 mm for thickness
more than 20 mm.Hand cutting shall be done for curved
shapes.
3. Mortar shall be as per specifications (I cement:3
coarse sand) unless otherwise specified.
4. Stone slabs shall be wetted before laying.They shall
then be fixed with cement-mortar in position without the
use of chips or underpinning of any sort.
5. The stone slabs shall be fitted as per CPWD
Specification including provision of stone dowels if
required,metal cramps(gun-metal or other alloy) of
required length shall be provided.
6. If required the adjoining stones shall be secured to
each other by means of copper pins 7 mm long and 6 mm
diameter, or as specified.

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7. The longer sides of the slabs shall be kept
vertical.Minimum one stone dowel/cramp shall be used to
secure one slab to the backing.
8. The samples of metal cramp,stone dowel & pins shall
be got approved from Client before use.
9. Joints shall be done with composite cement lime
mortar (I cement:1 lime putty:6 fine
sand).Thickness of joints shall not exceed 5 mm.
10. The compressive strength of common types of stones
shall be as follows and the water absorption shall generally
not exceed 5% for stones other than those mentioned
below:
Types of Stone Maximum Water Maximum
Absorption(% by Compressive
weight) Strength(kg/sq
cm)
Granite 3.50 500
Lime Stone(Slab & Tiles) 0.15 200
Sand Stone(Slab & Tiles) 4.00 300

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 MARBLE / GRANITE TILING WORK IN FLOORS
1. Marble /Granite shall be of approved quality in terms
of source,thickness,colour,texture, etc.
2. Sizes of marble blocks,slabs & Tiles shall be as per
Approved Drawings & specification.
3. Only slabs and tiles shall be machine cut & factory
made.The following tolerances shall be applied(As per
CPWD Specification) in the dimensions of blocks,slabs &
tiles.
Dimension Blocks Slabs Tiles
Length + 2% + 2% + 3%
Width + 2% + 2% + 3%
Thickness + 2% + 3% + 1%
4. Before starting of work the samples shall be approved
by Client.Requirement for physical properties shall be as
per CPWD Specifications as follows:

Characteristics Requirements Method of

Test
1. Moisture absorption Maxm. 0.4% by IS: 1124
after 24 hours immersion in weight
cold water
2. Hardness Minimum 3 Mhors scale
3. Specific Gravity Minimum 2.5 IS: 1124

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 5. Each stone shall be cut to required size and chisel
dressed on all bed and joints.
6. The mortar shall be as specified.All stones shall be
wetted before placing in position.These shall then be
floated on mortar and bedded properly in position with
wooden mallets.
7. Stones shall be laid in regular courses of not less than
15 cm in height and shall be of the same height unless
otherwise noted.
8. The depth of the joints 6 mm from face shall be
uniform and as fine as possible but shall not be more than
1.5 mm thick.
9. The curing shall be done for a period of at least 7
days.After curing it shall be rubbed with carborandum
stone of different grades numbers 60,120 & 320 in
succession and cleaned & washed with a solution of oxalic
acid.
10. Sample size & criteria of conformity shall be as follows( As per CPWD Specifications ):

Nos. of blocks/slabs/tiles in Nos. of blocks/slabs/tiles Permissible Sub-sample

lot to be selected in sample number of defects size in number
Upto 25 3 0 2
26 to 100 5 0 2
101 to 200 8 0 3
201 to 500 13 0 4
501 to 1000 20 1 5

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 KOTA STONE FLOORING
1. Kota stone slabs shall be of approved quality with
respect to source,thickness,shade/colour etc.
2. Before starting the work the samples shall be
approved by client.
3. They shall be machine cut or hand cut as
required.Each slab shall be cut to required size and
shape and chisel dressed on all sides..Thickness of the
slabs after it is dressed shall be 20,25,30 or 40mm as
specified.
4. As per CPWD Specifications,tolerances of +/- 2 mm
shall be allowed for thickness.For length and breadth of
slabs,tolerances shall be +/- 5 mm for hand cut slabs and
+/- 2 mm for machine cut slabs.
5. Average out the sizes from the supply and make
suitable FARMA.For getting maximum size and for
rationalization of sizes to atleast 3 FARMAS to be
decided jointly with the mason.
6. Initial check shall be done for colour shade washing
the surface in yard itself,to be followed by stack the
finished stone with atleast 3 different marks I/II/III.While
laying due care shall be taken to use assorted stones in

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different rooms.By this way colour variation shall be
adjusted room/area wise.
7. The mortar shall be as required in the Tender
Specifications.Average thickness of the bedding mortar
shall be 30mm & thickness at any place shall not be less
than 10 mm.
8. Mortar bedding shall be spread and the tiles shall be
laid immediately over a layer of gray cement slurry of
honey like consistency applied over the layer of bedding
mortar.
9. For machine polishing the initial polish shall be done
by the required grit block.The second and final grinding
shall be done with grit block No. 120 & 320 respectively.
10. Curing shall be done for at least seven days.

CERAMIC / GLAZED TILE FLOORING

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1. Tiles shall be of approved make,size,colour &
thickness.
2. Sample approvals shall be taken before start of work
from client.
3. The length of all four sides shall be measured correct
to 0.1 mm and average length and breadth shall not vary
more than +/- 0.8 mm from specified dimensions.The
tolerance for thickness shall be up to +/- 0.4 mm.
4. Base concrete (RCC slab) shall be cleaned,wetted &
mopped.Bedding of cement mortar (1:3) shall be laid with
average thickness 10 mm while thickness under any
portion of the tiles shall not be less than 5 mm.
5. Over mortar bedding neat grey cement slurry of
required consistency shall be applied @3.3 kg/m2 over an
area to cover 20 tiles.
6. Tiles shall be soaked in water,washed clean and shall
be fixed in this grout with gentle tapping with wooden
mallet.
7. Surface of flooring during laying shall be frequently
checked with a straight edge about 2 mm long so as to
obtain true surface with required slope.

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 BRICK WORK
1. The bricks shall be of class 7.5 & of non-modular type.
Bond: Generally English bond shall be followed wherever
applicable,toothing and closure shall be provided.
2. Following tests shall be performed.
a) Efflorescence.
b) Crushing strength.
c) Water Absorption.
d) Dimension Check.
3. Frequency of tests/sampling shall be 20 bricks chosen
randomly for every 1 lac Bricks for each brand.
No. of Bricks in For characteristic For dimensional
the lot specified for individual characteristic of group of
bricks 20 bricks No. of bricks to
No. of bricks Permissible be chosen
to be selected no of
defective in
the sample
2001-10000 20 1 40
10001-35000 32 2 60
35001-50000 50 3 80
Lot size Sampling size for Permissible No. of
compressive strength,water defective for efflorecense
absorption & efflorecence
2001-10000 5 0

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 10001-35000 10 0
35001-50000 15 1
5. The mortar of brickwork shall be 1:6(1cement:6coarse
sand).
6. Lime shall not be used where reinforcement is
provided in brickwork.
7. Bricks shall be soaked in water before use for a period
for the water to just penetrate the whole depth of brick.
8. Alternatively bricks may be adequately soaked in
stacks by profusely spraying with clean water.
9. For brickwork in half brick walls,bricks shall be laid in
stretcher bond.
10. Half or cut bricks shall not be used except as closures
where necessary.
11. Suitable measuring boxes shall be made for
measuring sand to prepare the mortar.
12. While laying the brickwork the frog should be face
up.The joints shall be racked to an average depth of 10
mm.When plaster or pointing to be done the joints should
be streaked flush.
13. Curing shall be done for atleast seven days or as per
specification.

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 PLUMBING AND SANITATION
1. All water supply/plumbing installation work to be
done by licensed plumbers.
2. All fittings/fixtures and accessories shall be of
approved brands only.Prior approval of samples of all
fittings & fixtures shall be taken from client.
3. All materials of pipes (CI,GI,Glazed stoneware,etc)
shall be of approved brands only.Prior approval of samples
of all Piping materials & accessories shall be taken from
Client.
4. Unless otherwise specified shop drawings shall be
prepared for various activities and approval of same shall
be taken from Client.
5. No cross connections with waterlines of wholesome
water and wastewater pipelines shall be done.

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 EXTERNAL DRAINAGE
1. All line out of layout designed for pipelines,manhole
and inspection chambers shall be marked on the ground.
2. The trenches for underground drainage shall be
excavated as per design depth and grade.
3. The required bed of slope shall be provided as per
drawing in the pipeline to create required velocity.
4. For joints in the pipeline the caulking material shall be
of specified quality and the same shall be executed as per
drawing.Socket ends of all the pipes shall face uphill.
5. Sufficient spun yarn shall be forced into the socket
and required depth should be available for filling the
caulking material.If the caulking material is lead then it
shall be poured in one action and when the lead is
thoroughly fluid.
6. C.I. vent pipe shall be provided at the head of drain
and cowl is provided at the top.

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 STONEWARE PIPES
1. Pipes shall be inspected and cracked or chipped pipes
shall be rejected in the work.Pipes shall be thoroughly
checked and cleaned before laying.
2. The minimum dia of the pipes for outside drainage
shall not be less than that specified in the drawing.
3. The pipe trench for laying the pipes shall be of
sufficient width to have easy jointing and caulking
activity.The required gully traps and manholes shall be
provided at the pipe junction as per drawing.
4. Testing for water tightness shall be done as required
in the Specification.
5. Sufficient time shall be allowed for the joints to set
and then trenches filled,watered and compacted.

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 SANITARY & PLUMBING-C.I. PIPES
1. The pipes shall be checked for specified quality and its
water tightness.
2. The pipes shall be laid in position with the socket
ends facing uphill irrespective of the direction of flow.
3. The caulking material shall be as specified.In case of
lead caulking for spigot and socket joints sufficient yarn
shall be forced into the socket to have the required depth
for lead for filling.
4. After completion of pipes laying in each section, water
tightness shall be tested before covering with soil.
5. Unless otherwise specified,Non-return valves or check
valves shall be used of brass,duly chromium polished and
provided on ascending part of the main to check the return
flow.

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 G.I. PIPES & FITTINGS
1. Pipes laid under ground shall be atleast 0.5m below G.L. or as
specified on grads as specified.
2. Pipes before laying shall be checked for visible damage
(broken edges,cracking or spalling of pipes) if any.If detected
the defective pipes shall be rejected.
3. After laying pipes same shall be tested under water pressure
at least 100 lbs per sq.inch unless otherwise specified or
mentioned.
4. Joints shall be filled with cement or any other specified
material with proper caulking finishing etc.
5. Pipe work shall be laid in such a way that it is accessible for
inspection,replacement & repairs (as far as not to be buried in
walls and solid floors).
6. Service pipe or supply pipe shall be connected directly to
W.C. All such suppliers should be connected from cisterns which
shall be supplied from storage tank.

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