FLASH FLOOD

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Disusun oleh :
Fariz Fadhillah 270110150001
Akhmad Fauzan 270110150002
Suminar Hartini 270110150042
Priya Pangersa 270110150045
Siti Alma A 270110150090
Booby Y Simaremare 270110150125
Kelas A

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK GEOLOGI

FAKULTAS TEKNIK GEOLOGI
UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN
JATINANGOR
2018
 FLASH FLOOD

A flash flood is a rapid flooding of geomorphic low lying area : washes, rivers, dry lakes and
basins. It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, hurricane,
tropical storm or meltwater from ice or snow flowing over uce sheets or snowfields.

The characteristics of flash flood :

 Comes suddenly
 As a result of heavy downpours that do not stop (6 hours)
 The duration of the flood is relatively short
 High flow viscosity
 High pool of water between 3 to 6 meters
 Bringing some other materials (mud, gravel, and trees)

Factors that cause flash flood, such as :

1. As a result of heavy downpours that do not stop

Continuous rain will cause flooding and puddles. The water debit will increase and
cause the amount of water in the river to become abundant. It also causes overflowing
of rivers.

2. Natural dan in the upstream

It is generally preceded by a natural damming process in the upper river areas on high
hill slopes. This is a consequence of the accumulation of deposits of soil and rocks that
slide from the top of the slope. This natural containment process can occur more quickly
if accompanied by a buildup of logs being dragged when the landslide occurs.
 Groundwater level cut off by lines, indicates the groundwater is revealed. The ground
water came out like a spring that would be the source of water when the landslide turned into
a muddy flood. This is morphology around Wasior

From the map, Wasior located under Semenanjung Wandamen Hill. The hill form a
long valley that allow formed a natural dam.
 To the south of Wasior exist aluvial fan with bright color. This fan indicate that this
area have high risk of flash flooding.

This is the factor affecting flash flood :

1. The Damaged River Flow

For example is flash flood Garut in the year 2016. This flash flood happen because of
broken Cimanuk DAS. Then have more impact with high rate of rainfall in 5 district in Jawa
Barat. Since 1980, Cimanuk river is declared Critical DAS. If there is heavy rain, flood and
landslide is often happen. Damaged DAS cimanuk river can be seen by KRS parameter.
Cimanuk river have high count on KRS if compared with other River in Jawa Barat. KRS is a
number that represent ratio between debit maximum and debit minimum in a river. If KRS
number reach 80 it declared bad Cimanuk river have KRS count 713.

2. Forest Cover Areas

Type and area of forest will influence the result from water. amount of recharge,
evapotranspiration. The ability to control floods is the extent to which the total ratio of rain that
can be impregnated into the soil under conditions of high rainfall intensity.For knows, we must
comparing several hydrograph analyzes on different types of sub-basins and total forest area in
several locations. Such as in Tasikmalaya, Toraja and Bandung. Based on annual rainfall
variation between 1,600-3,324 mm / year, generally produced water results between 635-2.442
mm / year with a rate of evapotranspiration 1,400 mm / year. The clearance of logged-over
forest can increase annual water yields between 600-650 mm / year and raise the run off
coefficient from 0.54 to 0.76, and the direct runoff coefficient under the forest stand is always
below 5%. Forests are certainly very effective in controlling the flow of the surface because it
has a high amount of absorption caused by the presence of root systems and litter is very
supportive of water impregnation. The capacity of forest infiltration is always greater than the
maximum intensity of rain so that the forest area is very significant against the reduction of
flood potential.

3. Littering
If the people littering in the river, it can the trash will settles in riverbed. This will lead
to a siltation at the bottom of the river which will further reduce the amount of water load that
is accommodated in the river. The impact of the river will be very easy to overflow.

4. Illegal Building on the banks of river

The blank land around the river can serve as a rainwater absorber when rainfall. If the
blank land is not used this will cause water that can be absorbed into the ground is not maximal.

5. Deforestation
The function of trees is absorbing water to keep it in the ground. When trees grow in
the environment it becomes less, this will make the water absorption a little disturbed. As a
result will be a lot of water that is not absorbed or absorption becomes less than the maximum.
 DAFTAR PUSTAKA

https://rovicky.com/2010/10/18/banjir-bandang-bagaimana-terjadinya/
(Access in 19 March 2018)

http://nasional.kompas.com/read/2016/09/21/20242211/bnpb.banjir.bandang.di.garut.karena.r
usaknya.daerah.aliran.sungai.cimanuk
(Access in 19 March 2018)

http://balitekdas.org/penelitian/publikasi/tahun/2009/unduh/339
(Access in 19 March 2018)

https://ilmugeografi.com/bencana-alam/banjir-bandang
(Access in 19 March 2018)