Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
assessment for a
hydropower site
Relevance of surveys, data
assessment and analyses to
the success of a hydropower
project (HPP)
Why? (Relevance)
Mitigating project risks through realistic assessment and analysis.
PEL g Qd H n
Design Discharge Qd:
Very critical value, based on complex
hydrological analysis.
• too high Qd: Hydro power plant (HPP) Net Head Hn:
oversized, expected annual generation not Very critical value, but relatively
achieved, revenue stream smaller than easy to determine with
required, financial viability critical topographic survey.
• too low Qd: HPP dimensioned too small, • wrong Hn : leads to mismatch
more attractive development solution of turbine (strong impact)
possible
• wrong Qd: not matching peak efficiency point
of installed turbine
Measuring Head
Measuring Head
Several methods exist for measurement of the available head. Some
methods are more suitable on low-head sites, but are too tedious and
inaccurate on high-heads. It is always advisable to take several separate
measurements of the head at each site.
For example the catchment area “A” is made up of 135 squares. The scale of the
map is one inch to one mile, and the squares area are 3mm x 3mm. Area found to
be 4.88 km2 , effectively 5km2, as the hydrology calculations are never precise.
Hydrology
Run-off: Components
It should be noted that sub-surface flow may increase the river flow
or reduce it, if the catchment is below higher watershed areas.
Hydrology
Run-off: Components
Transpiration
Water used by plants and returned to the atmosphere
Evaporation
Water evaporated directly from surface puddles
Soil water
Water retained by the soil
Overland flow
water running on the surface
Interflow
Water flowing underground but feeding the water course
Groundwater accreditation
Water lost to groundwater
Hydrology
Spatial interpolation: Thiessen method: Limitations
Flow
2. Sort out or rank the average monthly (or daily) discharges for the
period of record from the largest value to the smallest value
involving a total 'ne' number of values.
3. Assign each discharge value a rank m (m=1 for the highest value
and m = N for the lowest value).