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Columns are vertical compression members in structures, the effective length of which
exceeds three times its lateral dimension. Which are provided for bear the load of Beam, Slab, etc.
since columns support beams and slabs, so the failure of column results in the collapse of structure.
Classification of columns:
Leff
Where,
Where,
Let,
2
Now,
A) 5 mm,
B) Diameter of longitudinal bar.
Example 2: A short column of square section is to be designed to carry an axial load of 1023 KN.
Design the column as per I.S. code. Permissible stress in concrete and steel are 5 N/mm2 and 130
N/mm2 .
2
2
From I.S. code longitudinal reinforcement in column must lie between 0.8 % to 6.0 % of C/S area.
Let us provide 2.0% steel area of total C/S area.
.’.
Hence provide
2
A) 5 mm,
B) Diameter of longitudinal bar.
Where,
Where,
a) If a column subjected to an axial load at junction of X-X and Y-Y axis, it produces Direct
stress.
b) If load acts on X-X and Y-Y axis, it produces Uni-axial moment along with axial load.
c) If load doesn’t acts on X-X and Y-Y axis, it produces Bi-axial moment along with axial load.
There are three cases arises with values of Direct stress and Bending stress.
1. Uncracked section.
2. Cracked section.
1. Uncracked section: If the concrete in tension zone is considered, the section is uncracked.
2. Cracked section: If the concrete in tension zone is ignored, the section is assumed as cracked
section.
We have;
Example 1. Design a rectangular column section subjected to an axial load of 750 KN and uniaxial
moment of 75 KN-m. Consider concrete of grade M25 and steel Fe415. [BNMU 2010]
It is clear that 100 mm is the small value of eccentricity, so we can design the column as an
uncracked section.
The size of the column
So size of column = b D =
Provide 6 bars of 22 mm Ø
Provided
A) 5 mm,
B) Diameter of longitudinal bar.
Check:
1.
3.
Example 2: A rectangular column section 450mm x 600mm is acted upon by an axial load of 500 KN.
Mx and My = 25KNm each. The steel provided is 8-20mmØ bars with an effective cover of 40 mm.
check the safety of the section. [BNMU 2009]
Soln:
Mx = P x ey & M y = P x ex
So,
It is clear that no tension develops anywhere in the column. So we can analyse the column as an
uncracked section.
Check:
1.
2.
3.