ACID ETCHING AND COMPOSITES

1. The main purpose of etching enamel before placement of composite is

a) To increase the surface area and surface energy

b) To provide micro-mechanical interlocking

c) To provide proper adaptation and decrease microleakage

d) All of the above

Ans D

2. One of the purposes of etching beveled enamel surface is to

a) Increased surface energy

b) Produce macro undercut

c) To increase convenience

d) To prevent caries

Ans: A
3. Which of the following etching patterns is optimal for bonding?

a) Type I

b) Type II

c) Type III

d) Type IV

Ans A

4. Why the acid etchant is supplying gel form?

a) To have better control over flow

b) To get higher concentration of etchant

c) To act more rapidly on enamel

d) To get good taste in patients mouth surface

Ans:A

5. Before acid etching, polishing of tooth surface should be done with

a) A fluoridated pumice paste

b) A fluoride-free pumice paste

c) Both a and b

d) Polishing should not be done with pumice

Ans B

6. Resin penetrates collagen network of dentin but does not penetrate completely a small gap
between mineralized matrix of dentin and collagen-resin hybrid layer is called nanoleakage is about

a) > 0.1

b) < 0.1

c) > 0.2

d) < 0.2

Ans A

7. Dentin bonding agents usually contain

a) Only hydrophobic component

b) Only hydrophilic component

c) Hydrophobic and hydrophilic

d) Lyophillic and lyophobic component component

Ans B

8. Smear layer can be removed with

a) Calcium hydroxide

b) Dilute EDTA

c) Zincoxide eugenol

d) Rubbing with cotton

Ans B

9. Commonly used amalgam bonding agent is

a) HEMA

b) NPG-GMA

c) META

d) EDTA

Ans C

10. Universal method of etching both enamel and dentin is

a) Phosphoric acid for both dentin and enamel

b) Maleic acid for both dentin and enamel

c) EDTA for both dentin and enamel

d) HEMA for both dentin and enamel

Ans: B

11. Which of the following generation of bonding agents is a single component system?

a) Generation I

b) Generation II

c) Generation IV
d) Generation V

Ans D

12. Which of the following are used as anterior restorative materials?

a) Silcate cements

b) Glass ionomer cements

c) Composites

d) All of the above

Ans: D

13. What is the polymerization shrinkage if 3:1 powder: liquid ratio is used?

a) 6%

b) 8%

c) 10%

d 21%
Ans: A

14. A material which is a mixture of two different materials and its properties are

a) Composite

b) Complex material

c) Combined

d) Compound

Ans: A

15. BIS-GMA is a reaction product of

a) BIS-phenol-A and methyl methacrylate

b) BIS-phenol-A and glycidyl methacrylate

c) BIS-phenol-A and urethane dimethacrylate

d) Urethane dimethacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate

Ans: B
16. Commonly used filler in composite is

a) Quartz

b) Colloidal silica

c) Aluminium

d) Glass

Ans: B

17. Property which distinguishes composite and acrylic resins is

a) Chemical bonding between matrix and filler

b) Bonding directly to tooth structure

c) Bonding between coupling agent and filler

d) Bonding between coupling agent and tooth

Ans A
18. Composites are used as

a) Anterior tooth restorations

b) Pit and fissure sealants

c) Luting agents for porcelain restorations

d) All of the above

Ans: D

19. Initial marginal is best for the following materials

a) Amalgam

b) Acid etched composites

c) Glass ionomers

d) Unfilled resins

Ans: B

20. A composite has all of the following compared to unfilled resins except
a) High strength and wear resistance

b) Low thermal conductivity and shrinkage

c) Good marginal intergrity

d) Smoother finish than unfilled resins and better colour stability

Ans D

21. Which of the following has greatest filler loading?

a) Conventional composites

b) Microfilled composites

c) Small particle filled composites

d) Hybrid composites

Ans: C

22. The particle size in microfilled composites is

a) 0.02 to 0.04 mm

b) 0.5 to 1.0 microns

c) 0.01 to 0.1 microns

d) 0.3 to 0.4 mm

Ans C

23. The filler size (Silica) in Homogeneous microfilled composites is

a) 1-2 µ

b) 4µ

c) 0.04 urn

d) 0.5 to 3 urn

Ans: C

24. Nanofillers are in the range of

a) 10-100 microns
b) 0.1-1 microns

c) 0.0-0.1 microns

d) 0.005-0.01 microns

Ans D

25. For aesthetic areas where high lustre is required the restosration used usually

a) Glass ionomer restoratives

b) Hybrid resin composites

c) Microfilled resin composites

d) Macrofilled resin composites

Ans C

26. Wavelength used for visible light curing cure resin systems is

a) 250-275 nm

b) 400-500 nm
c) 600-700 nm

d) 800-900 nm

Ans B

27. In the visible light activation system, the visible

a) 100 nm

b) 200 nm

c) 300 nm

d) 400 nm

Ans D

28. Photo-curing the composite resins, the light source

a) Should be held at a millimeter distance from the restoration

b) Needs no protection while in use

c) Will cure composite up to a depth of 5 millimeter thickness

d) Is fiber optic

Ans C

29. Degree of conversion for light cure BIS-GMA is

a) 20-30 percent

b) 30-40 percent

c) 40-50 percent

d) 50-60 percent

Ans D

30. The type of spatula used to mix composite is

a) Plastic

b) Stainless steel

c) Iron
d) None of the above

Ans: A

31. Water resistant sealants among the following is / moisture active Which of the following is
moisture active adhesive

a) Cyanoacralates

b) Bis-GMA

c) Methylmethacrylate

d) None

Ans A

32. The main purpose of etching enamel before placement of composite is

a) To decrease the poymerisation shrinkage

b) To decrease the porosity of the composites

c) To decrease the coefficient of thermal expansion

d) To provide proper adaptation and decrease micro-leakage

Ans: D

33. Acid etching significantly reduces

a) Microleakage

b) Setting shrinkage

c) Coefficient of thermal expansion

d) All of the above

Ans: A

34. The commonly used acid for enamel etching is

a) EDTA 4%

b) Phosphoric acid 37%

c) Citric acid 2%

d) Maleic acid 30%

Ans B

35. Resin-based composite penetrates into microporosity of etched enamel forms less tags to
produce mechanical bond to the enamel up to

a) 10-20/microns

b) 10-15/microns

c) 20-25/microns

d) 5-10/microns

Ans: A

36. About acid etching of dentin all are true, except

a) It removes smear layer

b) It exposes collagen
c) It opens dentinal tubules

d) It increases surface energy

Ans D

37. Clinical significance of smear layer

a) Bonded to tooth structure and prevents composite adhesion

b) Increases the bonding agent

c) Provides calcium for adhesion of composites

d) All of the above

Ans A

38. Dentin bonding system depends upon primer and conditioner that

a) Penetrates smear layer and intertubular dentin

b) Penetrates smear layer only

c) Bonds to smear layer but cannot penetrate it

d) None of the above

Ans: A

39. Universal bonding agent is

a) HEMA

b) NPG-GMA

c) META

d) EDTA

Ans C

40. 4-META

a) Bonds better with dentine

b) Bonds better with enamel

c) Cannot bond with enamel at all

d) None of the above

Ans A

41. Major constituent of dentin bonding agents is

a) HEMA

b) BIG-GMA

c) Methyl methacrylate

d) Phosphoric acid

Ans A

42. The common feature among pit and fissure sealant composite resins, acrylic appliances and elas-
tomeric impression materials is

a) All of them are polymers

b) All of them can be employed as anterior filling materials

c) All of them should be heated before using

d) All of them are result of secondary reactions

Ans: A

43. Which of the following are drawbacks of unfilled resins compared to filled resins?

a) Poor colour stability and rough

b) High polymerisation shrinkage and high coefficient of thermal expansion

c) High hardness that resulted in wearing of opposite dentition

d) None of the above

Ans B

44. Marginal leakage around self-cure unfilled acrylic restorations is caused by which of the
following?
a) Polymerisation shrinkage

b) Thermal contraction

c) Water sorption

d) All of the above

Ans: D

45. Bowen’s original formula of dental composite is

a) 3 parts of BIS-GMA and 1 parts of methyl methacrylate (MMA)

b) 3 parts of BIS phenol-A and 2 parts of glycidyl methacrylate

c) 2 parts of BIS-GMA and 1 part of MMA

d) 3 parts of BIS-GMA and 2 parts of MMA

Ans A

46. Filler particles used to strengthen and to reduce the amount of matrix material is
a) Glass

b) Silica

c) Quartz

d) All the above

Ans D

47. Inorganic phase of the composite acids

a) Increases mechanical strength

b) Decreases coefficient of thermal expansion

c) Reducing the polymerisation shrinkage

d) All of the above

Ans D

48. Commonly used viscocity controller in composites is

a) BIS-GMA
b) TEG-DMA

c) Polyurethanes

d) Methyl methacrylate

Ans B

49. Composites are retained by the phenomenon of

a) Cohesion

b) True chemical bonding to tooth structure

c) Mechanical interlocking by acid

d) None of the above etch technique

Ans C

50. The chief advantage of composite compared to the silicates

a) Practically insoluble in oral fluids

b) Colour matching with the tooth structure is excellent

c) High modulus of resiliency

d) Coefficient of thermal expansion close to tooth structure

Ans A

51. Which of the following composites gives rough surface finish?

a) Conventional composites

b) Microfilled composites

c) Hybrid composites

d) Small particle size composites

Ans A

52. The filler size (Silica) in Homogeneous microfilled composites is

a) 1-2 µ
b) 4µ

c) 0.04 urn

d) 0.5 to 3 urn

Ans: C

53. In flowable composite

a) Particle size & filler amount are increased

b) Particle size & filler amount are decreased

c) Particle size is increased and filler amount is decreased

d) Particle size is decreased and filler amount is increased

Ans: B

54. Which of the following restorative materials demonstrates maximum water solubility?

a) Light cure GIC

b) Microfilled composite

c) Conventional composites

d) Hybrid composites

Ans B

55. Which of the following composites are recommended only for non-stress bearing anterior
restorations?

a) Microfilled

b) Hybrid

c) Conventional

d) Small partilce filled

Ans: A

56. In visible light used composites photoinitiator molecule is

a) Toluidine

b) Benzoyl methyl ether

c) Camphoroquinone

d) BIS phenol-A

Ans C

57. Which of the following emits light at a single wavelength

a) QED lamp

b) LED lamp

c) Argon laser

d) CO2 laser

Ans C

58. Minimum exposure time for composites should be

a) 5 sec

b) 10 sec

c) 20 sec
d) 40 sec

Ans D

59. The light from the visible light curing unit can cause

a) Iritis

b) Cataract

c) Retinal damage

d) Corneal ulceration

Ans: C

60. About polymerization shrinkage of composite all are true, except

a) Polymerization shrinkage is greater if bonded surface area is less than unbonded surface area

b) Polymerization shrinkage is high if within l/3rd enamel margins

c) Acid etching and priming will decrease polymerization shrinkage

d) Microleakage can occur because of polymerization shrinkage

Ans: A

61. Placing the composites by syringe technique

a) Increases strength and abrasive resistance

b) Increases the surface smoothness

c) Conserves the material

d) Decreases air voids in the restoration

Ans D