National conference on Engineering Innovations and Solutions (NCEIS – 2018)

International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology
© 2018 IJSRCSEIT | Volume 4 | Issue 6 | ISSN : 2456-3307

Auto Power Supply Control System from Four Different Sources

Harshitha P K1, Indhushree H P1, Likhitha B N1, Nisarga K S1, Divya S2
1Department of EEE, GSSSIETW, Mysuru, Karnataka, India

2Assistant Professor, Department of EEE,GSSSIETW, Mysuru,Karnataka,India

ABSTRACT

The main objective of this paper is to provide uninterrupted power supply to a load, by selecting the supply
from any source out of four such as mains, inverter, solar and generator automatically in the absence of any of
the source. The demand for electricity is increasing every day and frequent power cuts is causing many
problems in various areas like industries, hospitals. An alternative arrangement for power source is a must. As
it is not feasible to provide all four different sources of supply, one source with alternate switches are
provided to get the same function. Thus there is requirement for an alternate arrangement of power supply.
This arrangement can be designed by using microcontroller and relays. When a source, say mains fails the
supply shifts to next priority source generator and so on. LEDs (Light emitting diodes) can be used to show
that which source is used to provide the supply.
Keywords. Generator, Inverter, Mains, Relay, Solar, Switches.

I. INTRODUCTION access to electricity as the basic form of energy

An important requirement of electric
distribution systems is the need for automatic
operation. In particular, the rapid and reliable
transfer of the system from one power source to
another during certain system events is important to
achieving the reliability goals for such systems and
the facility serves. However, the design of such an
automatic transfer system is all–too-often considered
“less important” than many other aspects of the
overall power system design. Nowadays, electrical
power supply is one of the important elements in
human being needs. The most of the human
activities is dependent on electrical power supply. In
other words, without electrical power supply, almost
the whole of activities is become postponed or worse
cancelled. For usage of daily routine, voltage
supplied is within 240V ac. The need for power
supply is paramount for the growth of a country,
supply to the masses is vital for the development of a
power nation’s economy. The power sector provides a
platform for economic development; electricity has
brought about development in all area of productions
and services. Electricity has become indispensable to
socio-economic and industrial development of any
nation. Using uninterrupted power supply in an
automated mode, we always have a substitute
arrangement as backup to take place of main power
supply in case of power-cut in an emergency case,
where the power cut cannot be avoided.
II. METHODS AND MATERIAL
When the supply from all the sources (Mains, Solar,
Inverter and generator) are ready, first “Normally
open” switch is pressed then the mains get failed and
the supply automatically shifts to inverter. To
proceed further, second normally open switch is

CSEIT1846176 | Published – 08 May 2018 | May-June 2018 [ (4 ) 6 : 930-934 ] 930

 pressed then the inverter get failed and supply is
provided from solar and so on. Priority is assigned to
each power source in the order of Mains, Inverter,
Solar and Generator. In case the mains power fails,
the supply should automatically shift to Inverter but
if Inverter also fails at the moment then the supply
will automatically shift to next priority source.
Figure below explains the working and construction
of the Auto power supply from four different sources.
As shown in the diagram the four sources are Mains,
Inverter, solar and Generator, four “Normally open”
switches are used to show the failure of each supply,
four relays are used to provide protection at each
respective output. This output can be used to drive
any load such as a lamp or motor. LEDs are used to
display the source of supply. Other case is when the
power switches from one source to another source,
say Inverter fails and supply shifts to solar, if the
mains come back then the supply will automatically
reach back to mains power instead of switching to
solar. At the output of microcontroller, each output
port is connected to positive dc voltage. Relays are
used in contact with the output port to provide
switching at the output.
III. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 1. Auto Power Supply Control from Four
Different Sources.
Volume 4 | Issue 6 | May-June 2018 | www.ijsrcseit.com
This project uses an arrangement of four different
sources of supply which are channelized to a load so
as to have an uninterrupted operation of the load.
We have taken first source with solar supply and
assumed as if being fed from four different sources by
connecting all the four incoming sources in parallel.
The ac source to the lamp is connected to four relays
by making the entire normally open contacts parallel
and all the common contacts in parallel. Four push
button switches are used which represent failure of
corresponding supply respectively and are interfaced
to the controller. Initially we have given high input
signal to the microcontroller, so as a result the
controller generates a low output to activate the first
relay driver which will result in the relay being
energized and the lamp glows. While the push
button for solar is pressed that represents failure of
solar supply as a result the supply is provided from
the next source and the microcontroller receive high
input and generates low output to activate the
second relay driver which will result in the second
relay being energized and the lamp glows . When we
press the inverter button, it indicates the inverter or
fails to operate and the supply comes from the next
source and the next source will supply high input to
the controller and which will provide low signal to
the third relay and the lamp switches ON and when
we press the third push button the supply will chose
next source now the fourth source will provide input
to the microcontroller and controller activates the
fourth relay and the load will get the supply and the
lamp continues to glow. When all the relays are off
leaving no supply to the lamp, the lamp is switched
off. One 16 x 2 lines LCD is used to display the
condition of the supply sources and the load on real
time basis.
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 IV. FLOW CHART VII. REFERENCES

1. Garima Pandey, Khanda Anum “Auto Power Supply

Control From Four Different Sources. Mains, Solar,
Inverter and Generator To Ensure No Break Power”
IJSART -Volume1Issue4–APRIL
2015,ISSN[ONLINE]. 2395-105.
2. Lionel Warnes. Electronic and Electrical Engineering.
Principles and practice Macmillan Press Ltd. London
1994 pp 145 – 220.
3. Smt. Thilagavathi, (Nov 5,2016) “Automatic power
supply controller using four different source”.
4. Robert Dowuona-Owoo (2008) - Design and
construction of three phase automatic transfer switch. A
thesis presented at regent university college of science
and technology Ghana.
5. L S Ezema, B U Peter, O O Haris, “DESIGN OF
AUTOMATIC CHANGE OVER SWITCH WITH
GENERATOR CONTROL MECHANISM”,
ISSN.2223-9944, vol 3, No 3, November 2003
6. Jonathan (2007) – Manually Controlled Changeover
System. Vol.2, No.5. November, 2011. PP 152 – 180
7. Mbaocha C. (2012) - Smart Phase Changeover Switch
using AT89C52 Microcontroller. Journal of Electrical
and Electronics Engineering vol.1; Issue 3. PP 31-44
V. RESULT 8. Katz R and Boriella G (2005) - Contemporary Logic
Design. 2nd edition. Prentice Hall, Italy. PP 445-589

It provides a continuous power supply to the output

load through any of the sources from which we are
operating the device, i.e., inverter, solar and
generator automatically in the absence of any of the
source.
VI. CONCLUSION

The main scope of this paper is to provide a

continuous power supply to the output load through
any of the source in the absence of any of the source.
The paper can be further enhanced by using GSM,
other sources like wind power and also then taking
into consideration for using the best possible power
whose cost remains lowest at that moment. The
significance of this paper lies in its various
advantages and wide places of applications where
this project can be used efficiently.

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