Performance Testing

Jmeter 2.6
The load testing tool

By Bhojan Rajan
 What is Performance testing?

Performance testing is an non-functional testing performed to determine how

a system performs in terms of responsiveness and stability under a particular
workload. It can also serve to investigate, measure, validate or verify other quality
attributes of the system, such as scalability, reliability and resource usage

GOAL/OBJECTIVE IS TO FIND THE BOTTLE NECK IN THE SYSTEM

 What are the types of Performance Testing?

Load/Capacity Testing Stress Testing Volume Testing

Endurance/Soak Testing Spike

Testing
 Load / Capacity Testing

Load testing is the simplest form of performance testing. A load test is usually
conducted to understand the behavior of the system under a specific expected load.
This load can be the expected concurrent number of users on the application
performing a specific number of transactions within the set duration. This test will give
out the response times of all the important business critical transactions. If the
database, application server, etc. are also monitored, then this simple test can itself
point towards any bottlenecks in the application software
 Bottle neck

A bottleneck is a phenomenon where the performance or capacity of an entire system

is limited by a single or limited number of components or resources.

Your web application can consist of several modules used to process request. If one
of them has technical limitation, it limits the performance of the whole system

Bottleneck in the application can be identified by performing the load test with the
defined concurrent user load for various scenarios.
 Stress Testing

Every system has a capacity limit. When the load goes beyond the limit, the web site
starts responding very slowly and even produce errors.

The purpose of the stress testing is to find the capacity limit of the system. In we can
verify at which point of time the system degrades or fails. Usually done by increasing
the user load in the system.
 Volume Testing

Volume testing is done against the efficiency of the application. Huge amount of data
is processed through the application (which is being tested) in order to check the
extreme limitations of the system.

The limitation will be concluded upon the slow in the system performance and the
failure in the application.
 Endurance Testing

This type of testing is used to check that the system can withstand the load for a long
or large number of transaction.

Test will be performed with defined set of concurrent users for a prolonged period of
time, say for example 5 to 10 hours or 2 to 3 days.
 Spike Testing

Spike testing is done by suddenly increasing the number of load generated by, users
by a very large amount and observing the behavior of the system. The goal is to
determine the performance degrade, system failure or it will be able to handle
dramatic changes in load.

Say for example, test will be initiated with 200 concurrent user for a certain period of
time, suddenly the concurred user load will be increased to 1000 and the system
performance will be monitored. Like wise the user load will be decreased to 200
concurrent users and verify the system returns to normal operation and retaining the
performance as initiated.
 Pre-requisites

• NFR document should be available – It will provide you the expected Response time and
required Concurrent user load, Scenarios to be tested and other performance attributes.
• Dedicated Performance test environment should be ready in place.
• Scalability on the test environment to the actual production environment should be
available.
• Gather the environment details like App, Web and DB servers configurations and their
capacity.
• Performance Test approach document should be ready and sing-off from the stake
holders.
 Load Testing Tools
o Load Runner, commercial load testing tool from HP
o JMeter, an open source tool from Appache
o RPT, commercial load test tool from IBM
o NeoLoad, commercial, for Windows, Linux, Solaris
o Microsoft Visual Studio Team System 2010, commercial, for Windows, which includes Load
Test Analyzer and Load Test Monitor tools.
o OpenLoad, commercial load testing tool and hosted service
o OpenSTA, an open source tool
o PureLoad, commercial, multiplatform load testing tool
o PushToTest TestMaker, an open source testing framework (load testing and more)
o QEngine, free and commercial, from AdventNet (free edition supports 5 virtual users)
o SQLQueryStress Performance Testing Tool, free, for testing SQL Server StressIT, commercial
and free
o The Grinder, an open source tool
o Flood, open source from and for Apache
o WAPT, Web Application Testing tool, a commercial product, for Windows
o WatchMouse, commercial hosted load testing service
o WebKing, commercial, multiplatform
o WebServer Stress Tool, commercial and free, from Paessler
 Why JMeter?

 It is an Open source tool.

 Can load and performance test many different server types:
 Web - HTTP, HTTPS
 SOAP
 Database via JDBC
 LDAP
 JMS
 Mail - POP3(S) and IMAP(S)
 User friendly GUI Design compare to other tools.
 Full multithreading framework allows concurrent sampling by many threads and
simultaneous sampling of different functions by separate thread groups.
 Caching and Cookies can be enabled and it impact as such as it is executing in the web
browser.
 Controllers are configurable and can monitor the server performance.
 Test results are more reliable compare to other open source tools.
 Test results can be captured in various format like summary report, Graph, Aggregate
report, Aggregate graph, Results in tree and Results in Table.
 Installing Jmeter

• Install Java (2.2. or higher)

• Download JMeter http://jakarta.apache.org/site/downloads/index.html
• Add path of java installation in environment path variables.
 Running JMeter In Windows

 Open command prompt (user administrative mode to avoid unnecessary hassle).

 Traverse to [jmeter installation path]\bin
 Run Jmeter.bat
 Elements of Test Plans

• Thread Group
– Setup number of thread
– Set up ramp up period
– No. of times test executes
• Controllers
– Sampler (Send Request to Server)
– Logical Controller (Customize logic to send request)
• Listener
– Graph Result
– View Results Tree and many more.
• Timers
– Delay next request for certain amount of time

Continue….
 Elements of Test Plans

• Assertions
– Allow you to assert fact about responses received from HTTP request
• Configuration Elements
– Allow you configure settings
• Preprocessor
– Execute prior to sampler request
• Post Processor
– Execute some action after sampler request
Creating web test plan
Creating web test plan
Creating web test plan
 Adding users

• 5 users send 2 requests on cfminds.com and repeat it twice. (5 users x 2 requests x 2

repeat = 20 requests)
• Right click on test note >> Add >> Thread (users) >> Thread Group
 Add default http request

• You can add default http request setting from ADD >> Config Element >> HTTP request
default.
• This will let you define default http parameter for every request.
 Adding HTTP Request element

• You can add it from ADD> Sampler >> HTTP Request

 Adding Listner to view Result

• Listner responsible for storing all of the results of our HTTP request and presenting in
Visualize mode.
DEMO
Graph Comparison (5 Users VS 50 Users)

5 Users

50 Users
Test Summary

5 Users

50 Users
Recording your Test Plan
 Recording Your Test Plan

• JMeter Proxy can use to record all request send to server.

• Create test plan with default http testing
• Add HTTP Proxy Server in Workbench node.
– Define port# of proxy server
– Define URL Pattern to include/exclude
• .*\.jpg
• .*\.js
• .*\.png
• .*\.gif
• .*\.jsp
• .*\.css
• .*\.txt
• .*\.ejs
• .*\.eot
• Start Proxy server.
Recording Your Test Plan

• Setup Proxy server on your browser.

• Start Recording using the Web Browser.

• All the Request will be captured in the Test plan.
 Controlling request logic

• Logic Controllers can be used to control flow.

Parameterization
 Parameterization

• Create CSV file with list of username and password

• Store in same folder where your test stores
• Add CSV Data set into your test tree from config elements
• Add ${USER},${PASS} in request sampler as parameter.
Correlation
 Correlation

• Correlation is used to obtain data which is unique for each run of your test script (ex:
session ids). While recording, these dynamic values are hard-coded in your script causing
the script to fail during playback. Correlation is a technique where dynamic values are not
hard-coded in your script but are extracted at run-time to avoid failure
• Correlation will be done using the Regular Expression Extractor in Jmeter.

Sample of Regular Expression and Usage:

• ([^"]+)  to correlate whole url/dynamic id
– Ex: Edmiijkn11124mmk

• SessionID=(.+?)&  to correlate the url/dynamic id between 2 parameter. Here it’s

between ‘SessionID=‘ and ‘&’ Need to be use if
– EX: SessionID=jkjoujn434897h3jh35y9h&OrderID=ikikikke99874kmnjhh2

• orderID=(.+)  to correlate the url;/dynamic id after the defined parameter. Here it’s
after ‘orderID=’
– EX: SessionID=jkjoujn434897h3jh35y9h&OrderID=ikikikke99874kmnjhh2
 Correlation - Regular Expression Extractor

Right click the node/url > Add > Post Processor > Regular Expression Extractor

Defining Regular Expression Extractor:

Reference name: Regex
Regular Expression : ([^"]+)
Template : $1$
Match no : 1
Hint:
1. Need to tag/replace the reference name Regex by ${Regex} in the URL /Dynamic Id.
2. Regular expression can be done before URL where the Dynamic Id/URL you found.
Correlation
Assertion
Response Assertion

• Allow you to assert fact about responses received from HTTP request
ADD> Assertion >> Response Assertion
Assertion Result

• Assertion result provide you the exact response for the request
ADD> Listener >> Assertion Result
Monitor Sever Performance
 HTTP Authorization Manager

ADD> Config Element >> HTTP Authorization Manager

 App/DB/Web Server configuration

ADD> Sampler >> HTTP Request

•Name the http request as Server Status, Provide the server IP and port
•Mention “/manager/status” in the path
 Constant Timer

ADD> Timer >> Constant Timer

 Setting up the Data Writer

ADD> Listener >> Simple Data Writer

Setting up monitor results

ADD> Listener >> Monitor Results

Distributed Testing
Distributed Test Environment

VM 2
Slave
Target

VM 3
Slave

VM 1 VM 4
Master Slave Web Server

VM 5
Slave

Master: The system running Jmeter GUI which control the test.
VM n
Slave
Slave: The System running Jmeter-server which takes commends from
the GUI and send the requests to the target system.

Target: The Web Server planned for the load test.

 Jmeter Distributed Testing

• JMeter client machine may not able to simulate enough users to stress server.
• Control multiple machine to run JMeter without copying test samples to different
machine.
• Configuration:
– Copy same version of JMeter to different computer.
– Add remote node IP in JMeter.proeprties file.
– Run JMeter on remote machine using /JMETER_HOME/bin/jmeter-server (in
command prompt)
– Start JMeter GUI in host machine.
– Select any test plan.
– Go to Run >> Remote Start >> Remote IP Address.
DEMO
Thank you