Scania emission treatment system

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 Introduction

 Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is used to reduce the

quantity of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gases by
filtering and catalytic reduction

 To further reduce the amount of particulates and nitrogen

oxides (NOx), the SCR system is equipped with additional
filters such as Oxidation filters and ammonia slip catalyst, and
some engines are equipped with EGR.

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 Emission time schedule
9
8 Stage I, 1999
Euro 1 1992
NOx g/kWh 7
Euro 2 1996
6
Stage II, 2002
5
4
Stage IIIA/Tier3, 2006
3
2 Stage IIIB/Tier4i, 2011

1 Stage IV/Tier4f, 2014

0 0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0,50 0,60 0,70

PM g/kWh

Scania launched StageIV/Tier4f already in April 2012

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 What is SCR?

A way to reduce NOX exhaust gases with a catalyst:

 Nitrogen Oxide: NOX + NH3*  N2 + H2O

 Hydro Carbons (Fuel residues): HC + O2  H2O + CO2

 Carbon monoxide: CO + O2  CO2

*NH3 = ammonia compound, from CO(NH2)2 = Urea

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 What is Urea?

 Pure urea is in the form of white crystals

 Urea dissolved in water is non toxic
 Urea is corrosive to some metals such as non-alloyed
steel, copper, copper containing alloys and zinc coated
steels
 Commercially it’s called AdBlue
 Urea reductant is 32.5% weight urea, 67,5% deionised
water
 Freezes at -11°C
 Stored above +50°C it start converting to ammonia.

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 Reductant (AdBlue)
AdBlue is the trade name for urea solution.
Available in canisters och at filling stations.

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 Tools for check urea
Refractometer (588981)
The refractometer is to be used
for checking the concentration
of the Urea.

Quick, easy and economical way

to determine if the concentration
is within specified limits.

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 Tools for check urea

Litmus paper

Is used to control oil

content in urea solution

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 Urea

 Urea reductant consumption ~5-7% of fuel consumption for

reaching emission level.

 Urea reductant crystallizes above 100°C, and freezes below -11°C

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 Handling reductant
 May dry and form crystals
 Clean the area when working on the SCR system to prevent
any spillage
 Need to be scraped off or heated to more than 500 °Celsius to
remove dried reductant.

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 Safety precautions when working
on the oxidation catalytic converter
Use air-fed respirators, protective goggles and protective clothing
when working with the oxidation catalytic converter.

When the engine is running the exhaust system parts can reach
such high temperatures that there is a risk of personal injury.

Make sure that the exhaust system temperature has decreased to a

suitable level before starting work.

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 Safety precautions

 In case of eye contact, rinse immediately with eye bath or

fresh water
 Contact with skin, rinse with water.
 Change out of clothes which have spills on immediately.
 If ammonia gas is inhaled, make sure that plenty of fresh air is
provided immediately.
 Dust may rise when opening the catalytic silencer. The dust
may contain vanadium. The dust must be prevented from
inhaling. Always use air respirator or similar when working
inside the catalytic silencer
 More information to be found in Multi regarding handling of
silencers/catalytic cleaner

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System overview SCR

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 Control system for exhaust gas
aftertreatment

1. Control unit EEC3

2. Coolant valve
3. Temperature sensor
4. Level,temperature and quality
sensor in reductant tank
5. Electrically heated hoses
for reductant
6. Reductant pump
7. Reductant doser
8. NOx sensors

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System overview for electrics
System overview for mechanics

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 Reductant tank
CAN connection
Connections for temp/level/quality
ECU/ water valve

Reductant pick up
unit

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Control unit EEC3 (E67)

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Reductant pump (V183)

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 Pump unit
1. Pump unit
2. Valve block
3. Reductant filter
4. Cover
5. Connections for coolant
6. Ventilation
7. Internal hexagon bolt
8. Connection for electrical
connector
9. Connections for reductant
10. Electric motor for
diaphragm pump

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 Reductant filter

1. Reductant filter
2. Antifreeze

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 Reductant doser (V117)

Important!
Do not switch off the main switch until cooling of the reductant
doser has finished.
The reductant doser can be damaged by too high a temperature.

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 Cut-through view of pump

1. Intake, reductant
2. Outlet, reductant
3. Prefilter, reductant
4. Antifreeze
5. Overflow valve
6. Port to pump chamber
7. Check valve

Pump motor: 800-3500rpm

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Exchangeable parts pump unit.

1. Pump prefilter (inlet)

2. Overpressure valve

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 Gasket for reductant doser

Important!
When removing/ changing
reductant dozer, always change the
graphite gasket(no.1 in picture)

Also check the metering nozzle

(no.2 in picture)

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Cut-through view of pump and doser

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 NOx sensor (T115 and T131)

Measures the content of

nitrogen oxide compounds in
the exhaust gases before/ after
exhaust gas aftertreatment.

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Electrically heated hoses for reductant
(H25, H26)

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Coolant valve (V118)

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 Level and temperature sensor (T116)
1. Pipe for coolant
2. Level sensor
3. Temperature sensor

The level sensor is warning when the level

has reached 20 % in the reductant tank.

NOTE:
When level sensor indicates that the
reductant tank is empty, there are still a few
litres left i the tank.

This volume is used for cooling the doser

when shutting down the engine.

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Reductant quality sensor

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DOC- Diesel Oxidation Catalyst

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Evaporator

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SCR catalytic converter

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SCR System

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 Tools
Endoscope (588980)
The endoscope is used for internal
Inspections of silencer and
other closed areas that may need
to be inspected before possible
disassembly .
It is easy to use, has a articulated
probe head which makes it very
useful in cramped areas, built in
camera and video capture function.

SD card slot for saving pictures

and videos for storage or PC
processing.

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 Working principle

The working principle of exhaust aftertreatment is divided

into three different operations:

 Starting
 Operation and reductant metering
 Shut-down

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 Starting

The reductant pump starts when the following has taken place:
 The engine has started, the EEC3 control unit has carried out a
system check
 The catalytic converters have started to heat up and have reached
the correct operating temperature (200–250°C) and any heating of
the reductant is finished.
 The reductant pressure is built up to approximately 9 bar and is
then injected into the hydrolysis catalytic converter by the reductant
doser.

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Starting

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Starting when heating frozen reductant

Note!
No fault code is activated in cold outdoor temperatures
if the system is otherwise fault-free.

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Operation and reductant metering

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 Shut-down

OBS!
When the engine is shut down and the engine temperature is high, the reductant
pump continues to cool down the reductant doser, preventing heat radiation
from the exhaust system.

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 General information about tests in SDP3
• Tests will no longer have a validating role but a verifying role after
a repair and during trouble shooting.

• Tests are used to verify repair, if a fault still remains the DTC will be
set again.

• Possible to run parts of test.

• More pictures for better understanding.

• Important not to erase all fault codes in the beginning of

troubleshooting.

• This will however result in no unnecessary changes of ECU.

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 Trouble shooting test
for the liquid parts of the SCR system

• Electrical check of the

components.

• Check for blockages or leaks in

hoses or components.

• If a blockage or a leak is detected

the tests include instructions on
where to find the problem.

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 Test of EGR system
Test similar as the old test in S7.
• The test contains different
parts:
- Warmup of the system
- Adaption of air mass flow
sensor
- Flow test of EGR system
- Single parts of the test can be
started to minimize time.
- Test is used to verify repair,
if a fault still remains the DTC
will be set again.
• Duration:
A bit faster than the test in
S7 approx. 30 min.

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 Test of SCR system
Warmup/time to clean the catalyst from stored reductant
- Check of Nox- sensors
- Nox- reduction test
- Single parts of the test can be started to minimize time
- Test is used to verify repair if a fault still remains the DTC will be set again
Duration: A bit faster than the test in S6 approx. 30 min.

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