TSPP9

National Grid Engineering Standards
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FITTINGS TO PIPELINES OPERATING
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T/SP/P/9
SPECIFICATION FOR
THE WELDING OF FITTINGS TO PIPELINES

OPERATING UNDER PRESSURE
July 2011
© National Grid plc 2011- All Rights Reserved
T/SP/P/9
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD v
BRIEF HISTORY v
1. SCOPE 1
2. REFERENCES 1
3. DEFINITIONS 1
4. INFORMATION ITEMS TO BE APPROVED AND ITEMS TO BE AGREED AND

DOCUMENTED 1
5. FACTORS AFFECTING SAFETY 2
6. PIPE MATERIAL 3
7. FITTINGS AND MATERIALS 3
8. WELDING EQUIPMENT AND PERSONNEL 3
9. ELECTRODES AND FILLER MATERIAL 4
10. WELDING PROCEDURES 4
11. APPROVAL TESTING OF WELDERS 5
12. PREPARATION OF PIPE 7
13. PREPARATION OF ENCIRCLEMENT FITTINGS 10
14. STRAY ARCS 11
15. PREHEATING 11
16. SEQUENCE OF WELDING 13
17. WELD RUN CLEANING 16
18. INSPECTION 16
19. NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA 17
20. RECTIFICATION OF IMPERFECTIONS 18
21. RECORDS 18
TABLES
1A PERMITTED ELECTRODE DIAMETERS 19
1B PERMITTED CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTRODES 20
2 FITTING SCHEDULE 20
3 MINIMUM WELDER / INSPECTOR STAFFING LEVELS 20
© National Grid Gas plc 2011 - All Rights Reserved

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T/SP/P/9
FIGURES
1 TYPICAL FITTINGS / ATTACHMENTS 21
2 FILLET WELD TEST PLATES 22
3 DETAIL FOR WELD PREPARATION 25
4 MINIMUM WELD VOLUME (BEFORE CLAMP REMOVAL) 29
5 RUN-ON / RUN-OFF PLATES FOR LONGITUDINAL SEAM WELDS 30
6 WELDING SEQUENCE FOR LONGITUDINAL SEAM WELDS 31
7 CIRCUMFERENTIAL FILLET WELD SEQUENCE 32
8 CIRCUMFERENTIAL FILLET WELD DIMENSIONS 33
9 CIRCUMFERENTIAL FILLET WELD STOP/START SEQUENCE 34
10 FILLET WELD TEST MAXIMUM DEFECT DISTRIBUTION 35
11 WELDING SEQUENCE FOR SET-ON ATTACHMENT FITTINGS 36
12 WELDING SEQUENCE FOR CATHODIC PROTECTION PLATES 36
13 PIPE TEMPERATURE / GAS FLOW RATE CHART 37
APPENDICES
A LIST OF REFERENCES 38
B DEFINITIONS 40
C INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE EMPLOYER 42
D ITEMS TO BE APPROVED BY THE EMPLOYER 43
E ITEMS TO BE AGREED BY THE CONTRACTING PARTIES 44
F TYPICAL WELDING PROCEDURES 45
G CONSUMABLE HANDLING 63
H NATIONAL GRID APPROVED OXY-PROPANE HEATING TORCH 65
I METHOD FOR THE REPAIR OF STRAY ARCS 66
J PIPE TEMPERATURE DECAY TEST RECORD SHEET 67
K WELDER QUALIFICATION TEST RECORD 68
L EXISTING PIPE MATERIAL RECORD SHEET 69
M T/SP/P/9 SAFETY CHECK LIST AND GUIDANCE NOTES 71
N EXCAVATION DETAILS 80

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T/SP/P/9
FOREWORD
th
This Specification was approved by the Gas Engineering Policy Manager, on 17 July 2011 for use by
managers, engineers and supervisors throughout National Grid Gas.
National Grid Gas documents are revised, when necessary, by the issue of new editions. Users should
ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition by referring to the Gas Documents Library
available on infonetUK (company intranet.)
Compliance with this Document does not confer immunity from prosecution for breach of statutory or
other legal obligations.
BRIEF HISTORY
First published as BGC/PS/P9 June 1984

Erratum published November 1984
Editorial update to reflect demerger November 2000 June 2001
Editorial update to reflect merger October 2002 November 2002
Revised and re-issued as T/SP/P9 December 2002 EPSG/A02/10065
Revised to incorporate minor amendment April 2003 EPSG/T03/750
Revised to incorporate Appendix M September 2003 EPSG/A03/10164
Editorial update to comply with GRM August 2004
Editorial update for National Grid re-branding October 2005
Revised to amend weld inspector qualification July 2006 EPSG/T06/1690
requirements
Technical revision March 2010
Editorial Amendments July 2011
KEY CHANGES (Identify the changes from the previous version of this document)
Section Amendments
2 2
General- Clause 9.1 Yield Strength amended from ≥ 458 N/mm to ≥ 485 N/mm
Table 1B Addition of Longitudinal Seam Welds - All Passes into the table

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T/SP/P/9
DISCLAIMER
This safety and engineering document is provided for use by National Grid Gas and such of its
contractors as are obliged by the terms and conditions of their contracts to comply with this document.
Where this document is used by any other party it is the responsibility of that party to ensure that this
document is correctly applied.
MANDATORY AND NON-MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
In this document:
Shall: indicates a mandatory requirement.
Should: indicates best practice and is the preferred option. If an alternative method is used then a
suitable and sufficient risk assessment shall be completed to show that the alternative method delivers
the same, or better, level of protection.

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T/SP/P/9
SPECIFICATION FOR
THE WELDING OF FITTINGS TO STEEL PIPES OPERATING AT PRESSURES OF 2 bar AND ABOVE
1. SCOPE
This specification is for the welding and inspection of fittings and attachment welds, to in-service natural
gas pipelines or pipe work, of a minimum nominal wall thickness of 4 mm and above.
This specification shall apply to carbon steel pipelines or pipe work operating at pressures of 2 bar and
above.
All welding and inspection shall be carried out in accordance with this specification, which is
supplementary to, and shall be read in conjunction with the latest version of BS 6990. In case of conflict
between the requirements of this specification and BS 6990, the requirements of this specification shall
apply.
This specification does not include any attachments made to pipe work downstream of any domestic,
commercial or industrial meter connection.
National Grid is fully committed to achieving high standards of performance in safeguarding the health
and safety of employees and minimising both the risk to the public and the impact on the environment
through our activities. The National Grid Gas Requirements Manual sets the performance standards by
which National Grid, its suppliers and contractors will operate.
Only fully approved low hydrogen welding processes, shall be used to make welded attachments to
pressurised gas pipelines or pipe work. This specification does not include attachments made by pin
brazing, conventional brazing, soldering or withdrawn arc stud welding.
The preferred fitting types and their applications are given in Table 2 and Figure 1.
2. REFERENCES
This specification makes reference to the documents listed in Appendix A. The latest edition of the
document, including all addenda and revisions shall apply unless specified otherwise.
3. DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this specification the terms and definitions listed in Appendix B shall apply.
4. INFORMATION, ITEMS TO BE APPROVED AND ITEMS TO BE AGREED AND

DOCUMENTED
4.1 Information to be supplied by the employer
The information to be supplied by the employer is documented in Appendix C of this specification.
Together with the definitive requirements specified throughout BS 6990 as supplemented by these
procedures, shall be satisfied before any claim of compliance with this specification can be made or
verified (see Appendix C).
4.2 Items to be approved by the employer

The items to be approved by the employer are fully documented in Appendix D of this specification.
Together with the definitive requirements specified throughout BS 6990 as supplemented by this
specification, shall be satisfied before any claim of compliance with this specification can be made or
verified (see Appendix D).
4.3 Items to be agreed

The items to be agreed between the contracting parties are fully documented in Appendix E of this
specification. Together with the definitive requirements specified throughout BS 6990 as supplemented by

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T/SP/P/9
this specification, shall be satisfied before any claim of compliance with this specification can be made or
verified (see Appendix E).
5. FACTORS AFFECTING SAFETY

5.1 General
All personnel involved in works covered by this specification shall be able to demonstrate competency in
their assigned role. National Grid and /or its contractor shall provide suitable training and instruction. This
shall ensure that personnel who lack experience in under pressure welding operations on gas pipelines
and pipe work (who may be included in the operational team), are made aware of the potential risks and
hazards which could arise during this type of activity.
The Authorising Engineer shall ensure that all the necessary measures to ensure a safe operation, have
been taken prior to commencement of the under pressure welding operation. A T/SP/P/9 safety check list
(a typical example is given in Appendix M) shall be completed by the Authorising Engineer.
All personnel shall fully understand what to do in the event of an incident occurring.
5.2 Pipeline or pipe work pressure / flow rate

The pressure in the pipeline may, for the duration of the operation, be reduced to the minimum
practicable, and a constant flow maintained as far as is reasonably possible. For pipe below 5 mm wall
thickness, the pipeline gas velocity should not be reduced to zero and should preferably be maintained at
a value of 0.4 m/sec or greater, in order to avoid localised overheating of the pipe wall as a result of
preheating and welding operations.
5.3 Excavations
Excavations shall meet the current statutory and National Grid requirements. Experience has shown that
the working space provided adjacent to the pipe when carrying out an activity of this type, has a direct
bearing on the safety of the operation. Recommended minimum dimensions are given in Appendix N and
shall only be reduced with the consultation and agreement of the welding and drilling teams and in each
case as a result of a specific risk assessment being carried out by the Engineer responsible for the
excavation.
Background lighting should be to Table 2 of T/PM/EL/1, for exterior illumination levels for working areas.
Attention is drawn to the additional lighting requirements for inspection purposes prescribed in BS EN ISO
17638.
Weather protection canopies shall be of flame retardant material, and shall be of adequate size to provide
unhindered access for the heating, welding and inspection operations. A minimum height of 2 metres
above the pipe is recommended.
5.4 Operator Fatigue

It is a requirement of this standard that individual weld joints are completed and inspected in a continuous
cycle. This can result in extended daily working hours being required. Consideration shall be given to the
planning of the welding programme to accommodate this. Where extended hours are unavoidable, relief
operatives shall be made available to prevent operator fatigue.
Operator tiredness or lapses in concentration could put the operation and other personnel at risk.
Where welding operations are likely to exceed the normal working day, the minimum number of relief
personnel required shall be one welder, one welder’s assistant and one inspector. They shall replace
individual team members (of the same discipline) on a rotational basis. In some circumstances a relief
crew, working on a shift basis may be required. It is recommended that continuous working periods in
excess of 3 hours for individuals be avoided (see Table 3)
5.5 Pipelines containing defective girth welds or girth welds of unknown quality
Attention is drawn to the requirements of National Grid T/PR/P/18 procedure, to reduce the risk of
pipeline girth weld failure, whilst working on pipelines designed to operate at pressures greater than 7 bar
(or such pipelines which have been down rated), which may contain defective girth welds, or girth welds
of unknown quality.

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T/SP/P/9
Pipelines or pipe work which have been designed to operate at pressures below 7 bar and have been
constructed in accordance with National Grid T/SP/P/1 or P13 specifications, will contain girth welds
which may have been inspected on a percentage basis only. Therefore, caution is advised where work on
pipelines or pipe work may impose additional loading conditions, and where such girth welds are in
proximity to the proposed T/SP/P/9 welded attachment.
6. PIPE MATERIAL
National Grid has carried out extensive experimental testing on a wide range of carbon steel linepipe
materials in order to qualify welding procedures. The materials tested include pipe representing “high
chemistry pipe” occasionally found on older pipelines with carbon equivalent values (IIW formula – see
below) of up to 0.49%. Line pipe materials supplied from the early1970’s onwards will normally have
carbon equivalents much lower than this and may be safely welded using the typical procedures given in
Appendix F of this specification. Recent testing has extended the range of pipe materials to include
welding to L555 and X80 material pipe.
Material chemistry shall be confirmed prior to any welding taking place. When pipe material sampling is
required to establish the material chemistry, this shall be done in accordance with T/PM/Q/10. If any
doubt exists about the suitability of a particular pipe material for live welding then expert advice shall be
sought.
IIW formula = %C + %Mn + %Cr+%Mo+%V + %Ni+%Cu

6 5 15
Following drilling operations and where the pipe coupons are not being re-used, retention of pipe coupons
may be required for analysis and testing in accordance with T/PM/Q/10. The results shall be recorded for
future reference (see Appendix L).
7. FITTINGS AND MATERIALS

7.1 Operation at pressures above 7 bar
All fittings shall be ordered and manufactured to an appropriate specification and be suitable for operation
at pressures above 7 bar. Encirclement fittings shall be to National Grid T/SP/F/4 specification and
branch fittings shall be to National Grid T/SP/F/1 specification. A branching schedule is Table 2 of this
specification, which aligns with the requirements of Tables 4 & 5 of T/SP/PW/11 Part 1.
7.2 Operation at pressures up to 7 bar

All fittings shall be ordered and manufactured to an appropriate specification and be suitable for operation
at pressures up to 7 bar. Branch fittings shall be to the National Grid T/SP/F/1 specification. A branching
schedule is given in Table 2 of this specification.
8. WELDING EQUIPMENT AND PERSONNEL

8.1 Welding equipment
The contractor shall maintain all welding equipment in good working order, adequate standby equipment
shall be provided at the working site to ensure that welding can continue in the event of any equipment
failure.
Note: Welding and cutting equipment, cables, instruments and accessories shall comply with the
appropriate British and European standards where they exist (e.g. BS 638 and EN 169).
Adequate means of measuring current and voltage shall be available and calibrated for use in
accordance with BS 7570. Checks of welding current and polarity shall be made on scrap material prior to
commencement and following any substantial break in welding. The return current connecting clamp shall
at all times be connected to the work at a point as close as possible to the actual weld. Return paths via
pipe hangers, steelworks or structures shall not be used.
When welding to pipelines or pipe work with wall thickness between 4.0 mm and 4.9 mm, consideration
should be given to the use of an in-line current limiting or anti-surge device between the welding
generator and the welding tongs. It should be recognised that remote amperage / voltage controls have
the potential for an accidental increase in welding current to occur.
See clause 16.2.2 for guidance on the frequency of current monitoring.

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T/SP/P/9
8.2 Welding personnel

In order to comply with the requirements of this specification, all personnel shall be adequately trained
and certificated in the proper and safe use of all equipment they are likely to operate.
For under pressure welding of encirclement fittings on pipelines of 600 mm diameter and greater, a
sufficient number of working and standby welders shall be provided to ensure continuity of welding (see
clauses 16.1, 16.2.3 and Table 3). The relief welder or welders shall be on site at all times during welding
operations. This is to ensure uninterrupted welding, in the event of a welder being unable to continue
work, or to avoid potential fatigue problems (see clause 5.4).
9. ELECTRODE AND FILLER MATERIAL

9.1 General
The Responsible Engineer shall discuss the status of suitable electrodes with the National Grid Welding
Engineer. Other welding electrodes or welding processes may be considered if evidence of satisfactory
testing and weld procedure qualification can be provided. For manual welding, only vacuum-packed low
hydrogen electrodes shall be used. The permitted electrode sizes shall be as shown in Table 1.
Basic coated low hydrogen electrodes exhibiting diffusible hydrogen levels equal to or less than 5 ml/100g
of deposited weld metal and suitable for vertical down welding shall be used (with the exception of 9.1.1).
When required by the Employer batch testing of flux coated electrodes shall be carried out in accordance
with BS EN ISO 3690 to confirm that the levels of diffusible hydrogen per 100g/ml of deposited weld metal
meets the requirements of BS EN 1011: Part 2; scale D.
2
Where pipe materials with a yield strength ≥ 485 N/mm are to be welded, consumable batch testing shall
be carried out by the manufacturer. A BS EN 10204 Type 3 .1 certificate based on specific inspection is
required for each production lot/heat. The consumable certificate shall report the chemical composition,
yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and impact test values (defined by the product specification).
9.1.1 Application of Temper beads
When fittings are manufactured from L460 NL1 / NL2 or Hyplus-29 materials, a temper bead, welded in
the vertical up direction, shall be applied to the final pass of the fillet weld in accordance with the
approved procedure (see Appendix F and Appendix M). For longitudinal seam welds in fittings made from
these materials, the temper bead shall be applied using the original welding parameters and the
consumables specified on the approved procedure.
9.2 Storage and Handling

Electrodes shall be stored and used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and as required
by Appendix G.
10. APPROVAL AND TESTING OF WELDING PROCEDURES

10.1 General
Welding procedures for the welding of gas pipelines under pressure, having a nominal wall thickness of
o
not less than 4.0 mm and with the pipe positioned axially within 20 of the horizontal position, have been
developed, tested and approved by National Grid. Typical welding procedures are shown in Appendix F.
Any change to the welding parameters specified in this document shall require a new welding procedure
to be qualified following the guidelines given in BS 6990.
It should be recognised that welding to pipelines or pipe work with a nominal wall thickness in the
range of 4.0 mm to 4.9 mm carries an increased potential risk of pipe wall penetration, therefore
lower risk options and techniques shall be given due consideration at the planning stage.
10.2 Welding procedure specification

The welding procedure specification shall include those items detailed in Table 1 of BS 6990 except for
those given in item (d) pipe thickness groups, and item (v) pressure flow rate of content of pipe. These
shall be replaced by the following:

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T/SP/P/9
(d) Thickness groups for pipes are:

4.0 mm - 4.9 mm
5.0 mm up to and including 12.7 mm
over 12.7 mm up to and including 25.4 mm
over 25.4 mm
(v) Pressure /flow rate of content of pipe:
National Grid have established standard welding procedures for welding to carbon steel
natural gas pipelines under typical pressure and flow rate conditions. Extensive welding
trials, procedure qualification and operational experience (where applicable) have
validated the use of the welding procedure parameters given in Appendix F). These
procedures shall be used subject to positive confirmation of the pipe material chemistry
being available and suitable (see clause 6) and that the temperature decay time is
confirmed in accordance with 15.2.2 prior to welding.
11. APPROVAL TESTING OF WELDERS

11.1 General
Only welders who are fully familiar with the National Grid T/SP/P/9 welding specification, the required
techniques and who have successfully completed the specified welder approval tests shall be permitted to
weld on a pressurised natural gas pipeline or pipe work.
11.2 Butt welds

Prior to undertaking T/SP/P/9 welder qualification tests, welders shall be qualified in accordance with the
National Grid T/SP/P2, T/SP/P/8 or T/SP/P/1 specification for positional butt welding (5G fixed horizontal)
in the appropriate pipe diameter range. This is conditional on evidence of the welder’s qualification test or
production weld having been examined by radiographic/ultrasonic methods within the previous six
months.
11.3 Fillet welds

11.3.1 Fillet weld plate tests
Hot-tap fillet welding is carried out using basic coated low hydrogen electrodes, the welder will be required
to demonstrate their ability to produce acceptable fillet welds using the applicable T/SP/P/9 welding
procedure on test plates that cover a range of welding positions.
In addition to the National Grid T/SP/P/2, T/SP/P/8 or T/SP/P/1 positional butt weld test, fillet weld tests
shall be made on pipe or plate in the flat, vertical and overhead positions. Overlapping, mild steel plates
of suitable welding quality, (e.g. BS EN 10025-2 S275 JR or equivalent), of size 300 mm x 150 mm x
thickness t1 and t2 (Figure 2) shall be used. The test plate thickness or thicknesses shall be
representative of the actual pipe/fitting material thicknesses to be welded in production and shall be
chosen from the wall thickness ranges indicated below:
Group 1) For pipes of wall thickness equal to or greater than 4.00 mm up to and including
4.9 mm, the top plate shall be 10 mm thick and the bottom plate shall be 4.00
mm thick (see Figure 2a).
Group 2) For pipes of wall thickness equal to or greater than 5.00 mm up to and including
12.7 mm, the top plate shall be 10mm thick and the bottom plate shall be 5.00
mm thick (see Figure 2b).
Group 3) For pipes of wall thickness greater than 12.7 mm the top and bottom plates shall
both be 25.4 mm thick (see Figure 2c).
11.3.2 Electrode size

Table 1 specifies the permissible electrode sizes and current ranges to be used. It is recommended that
the ‘subsequent passes’ of the 25 mm / 25 mm - test plate be completed using 4.00 mm diameter
electrodes and that the ‘subsequent passes’ of the 10 mm / 4 mm and 10 mm / 5 mm test plates be
completed using 3.25 mm diameter electrodes.

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11.3.2 Plate strong-backs

To prevent distortion of the test plates during welding, welded strong-backs may be used, if required, at a
position remote from the test weld.
11.3.4 Multiple approval for manual welding

A welder may achieve multiple group approval by:
a) Approval for welding in thickness Group 1 of clause 11.3.1 shall also qualify for welding
materials in thickness Group 2.
b) Group 2 and Group 3 thickness ranges require separate qualification by the welder (apart
from qualification of Group 2 being covered by Group 1 approval).
c) A welder who has satisfactorily completed a welding procedure test shall be considered
qualified to use that procedure.
11.3.5 Familiarisation / demonstration weldment

In order to ensure that welders are fully conversant with and confident in the application of the approved
welding procedure. It is recommended that for welding to pipelines or pipe work with wall thicknesses
between 4.0 mm and 4.9 mm wall thickness (unless the welder has successfully completed a welder
approval test within the past 90 days in thickness group 1) of 11.3.1), the welder should satisfactorily carry
out a familiarisation / demonstration fillet weld completed in the overhead welding position.
The familiarisation / demonstration fillet weld shall fully meet the requirements of clause 11.4. Where the
familiarisation / demonstration fillet weld produced is unsatisfactory, the welder shall be given the
opportunity of further practice, before being required to produce another familiarisation / demonstration
fillet weld. If the second demonstration weld is unsatisfactory, the welder shall not be permitted to weld on
pipe within this wall thickness range, without further training and satisfactory welder approval testing.
11.3.6 Preheating
The test joint shall be pre-heated by propane torch to a temperature of 150 ºC (a minimum temperature of
50 ºC may be used for test plates with a wall thickness less than 10 mm). Care shall be taken to ensure
that the inter-pass temperature does not exceed 250 ºC. Touch pyrometers, thermocouples or
temperature indicating crayons, which melt at the indicated temperature, shall be used. Crayons, which
indicate temperature by colour change, shall not be used (see clause 15.1.3).
11.3.7 Consumables
The consumables used shall be as specified in the approved welding procedure and shall comply with
clause 9.1.
11.3.8 Technique
The circumferential fillet welding procedure shall be used for the fillet weld test plates (The vertical down
welding technique being employed to produce the vertical position test plate fillet weld). In all cases the
base plate shall be buttered before the throat of the fillet weld is filled. The pass deposition sequences
shall follow those shown in Figure 2a, 2b or 2c, in accordance with the approved welding procedure.
The first pass in the throat of the fillet (pass A or its equivalent, in Figures 2a, 2b or 2c), shall not extend
beyond one electrode run out length before being reinforced by the deposition of the next pass. In order to
comply with clause 11.4.2.1, starts and stops shall be staggered in the central portion of the fillet weld
length.
11.4 Testing
11.4.1 Visual
The completed fillet shall be free from overspill and undercut and display a good regular profile. Weld leg
lengths shall be equal. The weld profile shall not be concave, i.e. the fillet throat thickness shall not be
less than the leg length times 0.707 (see Figure 8a).

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T/SP/P/9
The test plate external surface, representing the pipe inside surface below the fillet weld, shall show no
evidence of re-melt or burn through.
11.4.2 Macro Examination

11.4.2.1 Preparation of macrosections
Two macro-sections shall be taken from each fillet weld (only one macro section is required from a
familiarisation / demonstration fillet weld). One section shall be selected to contain starts and stops. One
face of each cross section shall be smoothed to a 600 grit paper finish and etched with a suitable etchant
(e.g. 5% Nital or ammonium persulphate). This shall clearly define the weld and HAZ regions.
11.4.2.2 Requirements
On visual examination, at a magnification of x5, the weld shall show no cracks or lack of fusion into the
parent plate / pipe. Other flaws such as porosity, slag entrapment, lack of inter run fusion etc., shall not
exceed the proportions shown in Figure 10. Planar flaws shall not be permitted and excessive amounts of
non-planar defects may also be the cause for rejection in the weld regions indicated by shaded areas in
Figure 10.
The penetration of the buttering layer shall be even throughout. For welding to pipelines or pipe work with
a thickness of the range 4.0 mm to 4.9 mm, the test plate weld bead penetration shall be recorded on the
mechanical test certificate. Weld bead penetration exceeding 50% of the wall thickness of the plate/pipe
shall be cause for rejection and shall require re-qualification of the welder.
11.5 Validity of Welder Qualifications

Welder approval shall be valid for a maximum period of:
* 6 months for wall thicknesses in the range 4.0 mm to 4.9 mm.

* 12 months for wall thickness 5.0 mm and above.
* Provided that evidence of regular and satisfactory application of the approved welding procedure in the
appropriate wall thickness range listed above is available, the qualification period may be extended for a
similar period without further testing.
11.5.1 Records
Full records of all welder qualification tests shall be kept (see Appendix K). Documentary evidence of
previous qualification approval shall only be deemed acceptable if authenticated by either a National Grid
Engineer, or by the BGAS/CSWIP Welding Inspector, who witnessed/inspected the welder’s most recent
P/9 production weld. This evidence shall in all cases, be verified (as far as is reasonably practicable) by
the Responsible Engineer. It is recommended that the welder maintain his welder qualification records in
a T/SP/P/9 log book or file (see Appendix K).
12. PREPARATION OF PIPE

12.1 Pipe material
12.1.1 Removal of protective coatings
Paint or pipe coatings shall be removed from the carrier pipe in the proposed area of fitting attachment
carefully and in a safe manner. The tools and the method used shall not cause damage to the pipe
material. The extent of removal will depend upon the paint or coating type found and shall be sufficient to
prevent interference with inspection and welding operations. The minimum recommended length to be
removed shall be:
* Coal tar enamels, mastic and polyethylene coatings, 600mm either side of the proposed
fitting attachment location.
* Fusion bonded epoxy and paint coatings, 250mm either side of the proposed fitting
attachment location.
NOTE: Certain coatings will melt and emit toxic/carcinogenic fumes when heated by a flame. Pipe
coatings shall only be removed and disposed of using safe methods which are approved by National Grid.
If any doubt exists then expert advice shall be sought.

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T/SP/P/9
12.1.2 Pipe ovality

The exposed pipe should be checked with callipers or other approved methods to ensure that any ovality
is within acceptable limits in relation to the fitting to be used at that particular location.
12.1.3 Pipe cleaning and visual examination

The area of pipe extending for a distance of 150 mm either side of the fitting location and the area
beneath the fitting location shall be thoroughly cleaned to facilitate visual inspection and non-destructive
examination. After cleaning, the pipe shall be visually examined for lamination, corrosion and any signs of
mechanical damage. Any damage found shall be brought to the attention of the Responsible Engineer
prior to the location of any fitting being finalised.
12.2 Fitting Location

12.2.1 Pipe welded seams
When attaching a fitting that is to be subsequently drilled, care shall be taken, where possible, to avoid
pipe seam welds from being included within the drilling area. If this is not possible, care shall be taken to
avoid the pilot drill penetrating the seam weld.
12.2.2 Proximity of welds

The clearance between the toe of any welded attachment and the toe of any existing girth weld shall be
not less than 100 mm. In exceptional circumstances a closer proximity may be considered, in such
cases expert advice shall always be sought. Attachment fittings shall not be welded to bends, tees or
other fittings.
12.2.3 Pipe damage
It may sometimes be advantageous to locate a fitting over a localised area of defective seam weld in
order to remove the defect when drilling and removing the pipe coupon. In a similar way it may be
appropriate to capture a defective girth weld, pipe lamination or corroded area within a full encirclement
repair sleeve or fitting. For guidance see National Grid procedure T/PM/P/11 or T/PM/P/20 as applicable.
12.2.4 Quality of existing girth welds (operating at pressures above 7 bar)

For pipelines designed to operate at pressures above 7 bar, all exposed girth welds shall be examined
visually and by x-radiography or ultrasonic examination to confirm the standard of construction (see
clause 5.5.1). For unburied pipe work the number of adjacent welds to be examined shall be sufficient to
determine weld quality. The quality of the adjacent girth welds shall be capable of accepting any
additionally imposed welding induced stresses (see National Grid T/PR/P/18). The results of all visual
examinations and non-destructive testing shall be recorded and presented to the Employer prior to fitting
the attachment.
12.2.5 Quality of existing girth welds (operating at pressures below 7 bar)

For pipelines or pipe work designed to operate at pressures below 7 bar, it is recommended that all
exposed girth welds be examined both visually and by x-radiography to confirm the standard of
construction (see clause 5.5.2). For unburied pipe work the number of adjacent welds to be examined
shall be sufficient to determine weld quality. The quality of the adjacent girth welds shall be capable of
accepting any additionally imposed welding induced stresses. The results of all visual examinations and
non-destructive testing shall be recorded and presented to the Employer prior to fitting the attachment.
12.3 Inspection
12.3.1 Pipe material
12.3.1.1 Material examination (proposed area of pipe covered by the attachment)
The area of the pipe beneath the fitting location shall be examined ultrasonically to ensure freedom from
lamination, which might interfere with welding and drilling operations. The area shall be scanned on a 75
mm square grid (see Figure M.1), and ultrasonic testing practice shall be in accordance with BS EN
²
10160 (amended to cover wall thicknesses above 4.0 mm). Laminations greater than 500 mm shall be
considered unacceptable unless they can be fully encapsulated by the fitting, avoiding the area to be

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T/SP/P/9
drilled or welded. Should an unacceptable lamination be confirmed, the fitting shall be relocated to a
suitable attachment area.
12.3.1.2 Material examination (proposed area of pipe to be welded)

The area where the attachment welds are to be made shall be subject to 100% ultrasonic examination
and magnetic particle flaw detection. This shall be carried out over a band of 150 mm minimum width
centred on the proposed weld locations (see Figure M.1). This is to ensure freedom from laminations,
which may prejudice welding, and also to confirm adequate wall thickness of the pipe. Laminations under
the weld area shall be considered unacceptable.
12.3.1.3 Material examination (Stress corrosion cracking)

National Grid pipelines do not have a history of external stress corrosion cracking (SCC), however for
information purposes, it is required that the exposed pipe surface be examined by magnetic particle flaw
detection methods. The Responsible Engineer shall also consider the possibility of internal SCC being
present in old ‘town gas’ pipelines. Any stress corrosion cracking found shall be brought to the attention of
the Responsible Engineer immediately (guidance can be found in National Grid procedure T/PR/P/11 and
T/PM/P/20). An inspection report of the test results (positive or negative) shall be required in all cases.
This report shall be sent to National Grid UKT Gas Asset Management or UKD Network Strategy as
appropriate, to the address given in the Foreword to this specification.
12.3.2 Pipe seam welds

The examination and preparation of pipe seam welds shall be as follows:
a) All pipe *seam welds shall be inspected visually, by MPI and by radiographic or ultrasonic
examination methods in accordance with T/SP/NDT/2. The length of seam weld to be examined
will be dictated by the length of the split tee fitting plus dimension X ( X = 2 times the pipe wall
thickness + 100 mm) for each side of the fitting.
* SAWL, SAWH and ERW/HFW seam welds
Particular attention shall be given to the area where the circumferential fillet welds will cross the
pipe seam weld and attach the fitting to the pipe. No weld defects shall be permitted in a zone
100 mm either side of this junction.
b) The record of the results of all seam weld inspection and examination shall be submitted to the
Responsible Engineer. This will allow the final location of the fittings to be agreed and shall be
done prior to any seam weld dressing.
Where weld defects are found consideration shall be given to the relocation of the attachment
fitting. The Responsible Engineer shall decide whether encapsulation by the split-tee fitting is
possible (see clause 12.2.3). Defective seam welds shall not be dressed. For guidance see
National Grid procedure T/PM/P/11 or T/PM/P/20 as applicable.
12.4 Dressing of pipe seam welds
All submerged arc welded seams shall be dressed flush with the pipe surface to allow the split tee to fit
snugly and to minimise any gap between the fitting and the pipe. Dressing shall not proceed until all
inspection has been carried out and the final position of the fitting has been confirmed.
The dressing of pipe seam welds shall only be carried out by suitably trained operators competent in the
safe use of grinders. Great care shall be taken to avoid damage to the pipe wall and appropriate
precautions shall be taken to ensure that the operators work from a stable base e.g. the use of platforms
rather than ladders when working on large diameter pipe work. The operation shall be carefully carried
out under the constant supervision of the Welding Inspector and in accordance with an approved method
statement.
Once the seam weld has been dressed flush, a final visual and MPI examination shall be carried out. Any
damage found as a result of the weld dressing shall be reported to the Responsible Engineer and shall be
assessed in accordance with National Grid procedure T/PM/P/11 or T/PM/P/20 as applicable.

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12.5 Delay following NDT

Where there is a delay of more than 48 hours between the operations given in clauses 12.3.1 & 12.3.2,
and the start of welding, the pipe surface areas previously examined shall be re-inspected visually and by
magnetic particle examination (as appropriate), .
13. PREPARATION OF ENCIRCLEMENT FITTINGS

13.1. Fitting weld preparation
Machining is recommended should it be found necessary to alter a weld preparation profile, alternatively
this may be done by flame cutting with oxy-acetylene and then machining or grinding with a disc grinder to
a smooth finish. Standard bevel preparations are shown in Figure 3. The altered weld preparation shall be
examined visually and by magnetic particle examination.
Bevel defects shall be removed by grinding and repaired where necessary, to an approved welding
procedure. Any repaired areas shall be re-examined by magnetic particle examination and shall be free of
defects.
Where the thickness of an encirclement fitting is greater than twice the thickness of the pipe that it is
being attached to, then the top edge of the circumferential fitting end shall be tapered at an angle of 45
degrees, to present a face to the fillet weld of 2t (see Figure 8c).
Should excessive pipe ovality result in an excessive longitudinal seam root gap, the fitting shall be
relocated to an acceptable area of pipe. If this is not possible, then subject to the size of gap between the
inside of the fitting and the pipe being equal to or less than 6.0 mm, the fitting bevel face may be built up
using an approved welding procedure. Following re-bevelling to the correct dimensions, the fitting face
shall be inspected visually and by magnetic particle inspection confirm the absence of defects.
13.2 Fusion faces

All fusion faces and adjacent material shall be free of fins, planar defects (not complying with clause
12.3.1.1. and 12.3.1.2), tears, moisture, scale, rust, paint, grease or other foreign matter. Cleaning to
base metal should extend for at least 25 mm from the edge of the fusion faces on both the internal and
external surfaces of the parts to be welded.
13.3 Method of encirclement fitting attachment

13.3.1 Fitting location
The split encirclement fitting shall be placed on the pipeline at the appropriate position as specified on the
site drawing, subject to satisfactory NDT results of the area (see clause 12).
13.3.2 Backing bars

Before finally clamping the encirclement fitting together, clean mild steel backing bars shall be slid into the
machined recesses at the roots of the longitudinal seams. The purpose of the backing bar is to prevent
welding longitudinally to the pipe surface and the fitting being welded to the pipe at this stage of the
operation.
The backing bars shall conform to BSI PD 970, type 080 A 15 or equivalent, and be of a sufficient length
to provide a 150 mm projection at each end of the fitting. This projection shall provide the base for the
attachment of carbon steel run-on and run-off plates attached to the ends of the fitting longitudinal seam
weld preparations (attention is drawn to BS 6990 clause 18.2 and 18.3).
The backing bar shall be in the machined recess and in close contact with the fitting. Where ovality of the
pipe could cause distortion of the backing bar during heating, the bar shall be wedged to ensure contact
with the tee. All wedges shall be removed following deposition of the root bead.
For fittings ≤ 300 mm nominal diameter supplied in accordance with T/SP/F/4 the backing strip will be 2
mm thick x 25 mm wide. For fittings > 300 mm nominal diameter supplied in accordance with T/SP/F/4
the backing strip will be 4 mm thick x 25 mm wide. For below 7 bar fittings supplied to an ‘appropriate
specification’ (see 7.2) backing bars with equivalent dimensions shall be used.

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T/SP/P/9
Where a small diameter fitting is supplied without the appropriate recess to accommodate the
recommended backing bar size, the thinner backing bar should be used.
13.3.3 Run-on, run-off plates
Suitably profiled run-on and run-off plates shall be tack welded to the backing bar (see Figure 5). The
location of individual tack welds shall be suitable to secure the plates firmly to the backing bar and fitting.
Only qualified T/SP/P/9 welders shall be used to tack weld the run-on, run-off plates using electrodes and
parameters in accordance with the approved welding procedure for pass one.
The ends of the fitting shall be pre-heated to a minimum temperature of 150 ºC and shall be checked
according to clause 15.1.3. The run-on and run-off plates shall be clean and heated to a temperature of
between 50 ºC to 100 ºC. Care should be taken when pre-heating the tee to avoid distortion of the
backing bar prior to welding the longitudinal seam.
14 STRAY ARCS
Stray arcs shall be avoided (see Appendix I).
15 PRE-HEATING
15.1 General
Preheating operations shall have adequate immediate working space, which should be determined by an
assessment of the type of activity, equipment and method of heating employed (see clause 5.3). Only
propane or oxy-propane torches and/or an approved electrical method shall be used.
In circumstances of high gas flow rates that result in rapid pipe temperature decay, oxy-propane heating
torches may be used. However, such torches, if used incorrectly, may cause injury to the person and
damage to the pipe. Only properly trained personnel shall operate oxy-propane torches, they shall be
briefed and made fully aware of the potential risks and hazards associated with this sort of equipment
prior to the operation.
Only competent personnel shall undertake the heating of under pressure pipelines or pipe work.
Heating of a pressurised pipe may only be done under the direct supervision of the Welding
Inspector.
15.1.1 Preheating torch

The heating torch shall be of sufficient size to ensure rapid heating to the required preheat temperature.
Oxy-propane torches shall be fitted with a rapid shut-off control that enables the torch flame to be
extinguished immediately (see Appendix H).
15.1.2 Electrical preheating

When preheating is carried out by electrical methods, the temperature of the pipe wall or fitting directly
under the heating elements shall be monitored to ensure that it does not exceed 300 ºC.
Induction heating is the preferred electrical heating method for pre-heating and maintaining weld inter-
pass temperatures on large diameter, thick wall split-tees (see the guidance notes in Appendix M).
Induction heating methods are approved only for the heating of split-tee longitudinal seam welds and to
heat the fitting when welding circumferential fillet welds. The Responsible Engineer should seek expert
advice when considering the use of Induction heating for applications other than those stated above.
All electrical resistance and induction heating equipment shall be installed and operated by a trained and
competent technician. A detailed procedure for the deployment, monitoring and removal of the heating
equipment and thermocouples shall be submitted to the Employer for approval prior to work commencing.
15.1.3 Pipe temperature measurement

Touch pyrometers, thermocouples or temperature indicating crayons, which melt at the indicated
temperature, shall be used. Crayons, which indicate temperature by colour change, shall not be used.
Other methods of temperature measurement shall not be used without the prior approval of National Grid
and will only be considered following a detailed and documented evaluation.

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T/SP/P/9
15.2 Full Encirclement Fittings

15.2.1 Longitudinal Seams
Both seams shall be heated simultaneously to the preheat temperature for a distance of not less than
twice the thickness of the fitting either side of the weld preparation. When using propane heating this
temperature shall be 250 ºC and for electric heating a minimum of 150 ºC. The minimum inter-pass
temperature shall be 150 ºC. The initial preheat or inter-pass temperature shall not exceed 300 ºC.
15.2.2 Circumferential fillet welds

Attention is drawn to the rapid cooling effect of the gas flow. Heat dissipation from the weld area will be
dependent on flow conditions at the time of attachment and may vary during the welding cycle. Before
preheating commences and at regular intervals during the operation, heat sink tests in accordance with
clause 15.2.2.1 shall be carried out and the results recorded on the form given in Appendix J.
15.2.2.1 Preheat / weld inter-pass temperature decay tests

When preheat is carried out with propane torches, the heat sink effect of the pipe wall and product flow
shall be assessed before welding commences. A band 50 mm wide by 300 mm long around the pipe
circumference* adjacent to the fitting at the 12 o’clock position, shall be heated to a minimum temperature
of **250 ºC, the heating torch shall be removed, and the time taken for the pipe wall temperature to fall
from **250 ºC to **150 ºC and 100 ºC shall be recorded (see Appendix I).
For temperature measurement methods see clause 15.1.3. This will give an indication of the available
welding period between reheating cycles. Heat input from the welding arcs may extend this period and
regular temperature measurement shall be made throughout the welding period to derive the maximum
benefit from this effect.
Note:
* or other length as appropriate to the pipe diameter.
** When assessing the temperature decay rate on pipelines or pipe work with a wall thickness less
than 5 mm, the temperatures to be recorded shall be in accordance with the appropriate preheat
and inter-pass temperatures given in the approved welding procedure for that pipe thickness.
Care should be taken, particularly when heating pipelines or pipe work with a thinner wall
thickness and low gas flow rate, to prevent localised overheating.
15.2.2.2 High gas flow rate/ low temperature decay times

In some cases, when welding on to high gas flow rate pipelines, the cooling effect of the gas flow may
result in times which are too short to allow practicable welding (e.g. 250 ºC to 150 ºC cooling times of less
than 40 seconds). In such situations the Authorising engineer may investigate the possibility of flow rate
reduction, if the flow rate cannot be varied, welding to the pipeline or pipe work shall not commence until
expert advice has been taken (typical decay values are given in Figure 13).
15.2.2.3 Preheating requirements

For propane heating the pre-heat temperature shall be a minimum of 250 ºC, and for electric heating a
minimum of 150 ºC. For runs 1 to 8 in Figure 7e, or their equivalent, welding shall cease when the
interpass temperature falls to 150 ºC. For the remaining passes the minimum temperature shall be 100
ºC for pipelines and pipe work and 150 ºC for the attachment fitting. Preheat and weld inter-pass
temperatures shall not exceed 300 ºC where propane heating or electrical heating is used. When welding
pipelines or pipe work of smaller diameter and thinner wall thickness (i.e. typically below 323 mm and 7.1
mm respectively), particular caution is required to prevent overheating. The appropriate preheat and weld
inter-pass temperatures given in the approved welding procedure shall be observed.
15.3 Set-on-Fittings & Attachments

For set-on-fittings, flanged attachments, cathodic protection plates, drill locator rings and strain gauge
pads, the pipe shall be preheated to a minimum temperature of 200 ºC (this shall extend at least 50 mm
beyond the predicted edge of the weld toe on the parent pipe). Preheat and weld inter-pass temperatures

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T/SP/P/9
shall not exceed 300 ºC. Welding shall cease when the temperature falls to 150 ºC (or to the preheat and
weld inter-pass temperature stated in the approved welding procedure for that pipe thickness).
The fittings / attachments shall be preheated to a minimum temperature of 150 ºC. Strain gauge pads
shall be clean and dry prior to welding, if preheating is required to dry the pads, they shall not exceed a
temperature of 100 ºC.
16. SEQUENCE OF WELDING

16.1 Longitudinal seam weld
Run-on and run-off plates shall be attached in accordance with clause 13.3.
Where the length of the fittings is > 750 mm, a minimum of two welders shall work on each seam. This
may be reduced to one welder on each seam where the length of the fitting is [ 750 mm. The seams shall
be welded simultaneously. For nominal pipe outside diameters of 150 mm and below, one welder may be
used to weld the fitting. The welding technique used shall provide a balanced deposition sequence
between both longitudinal seam welds. The number of welders and inspectors required for different pipe
sizes is given in Table 3.
Welding shall commence in the centre of the fitting and progress to the ends as shown in Figure 6. Starts
and stops shall be staggered by not less than 25 mm. This method of work shall continue until at least
two complete layers of weld metal have been deposited over the entire seam weld length (see Figure 4).
At this point the yoke clamps may be removed and welding may progress in the direction of preference
until the joint is completed.
With horizontal taps using full encirclement tees, to avoid flange misalignment the fitting shall be fully
supported prior to the removal of the yoke clamps. The fitting should remain supported until at least the
completion of the first circumferential fillet weld. The supports shall be positioned so not to interfere with
safe access to or from the workplace and/or excavation.
When fittings are manufactured from BS EN 10208-3 P460 NL1 / NL2 grade or Hyplus-29 materials a
temper bead shall be applied to the final weld run of the longitudinal seam welds in accordance with the
approved welding procedure (see Appendix F and Appendix M).
16.1.1 Longitudinal seam weld interruption and completion
The welding of longitudinal seam welds shall normally be carried out in one cycle. However, when
planning a hot-tap operation, the Employer and the National Grid Welding Engineer may approve and
allow the interruption of large diameter, thick wall, longitudinal seam welds subject to a satisfactory written
risk assessment being carried out (see Appendix M.2). In such cases the following conditions apply:
• The nominal diameter of the pipeline and split tee is ≥ 750 mm and the thickness of the fitting is
≥ 50 mm.
• The seam weld shall be filled out to a minimum of half the wall thickness of the fitting along the
entire length of the seam weld before interruption. The fitting may then be allowed to cool
naturally to ambient temperature.
• Prior to welding recommencing each longitudinal seam weld shall be examined by MPI to confirm
the absence of injurious defects.
• Preheating shall be carried out as specified in 15.0.
16.1.2 Removal of the run-on, run-off plates
Upon completion of the longitudinal welds, the end plates shall be removed using a disc grinder. This
operation shall be supervised at all times by the Welding Inspector. Care shall be taken to prevent the
grinding disc touching or reducing the pipe wall thickness and the ends shall be left in a suitable condition
for subsequent inspection.
Should the pipe wall thickness accidentally be reduced by grinding in the area immediately adjacent to
edge of the fitting the Responsible Engineer shall be informed. Providing that the damage is within the leg
length of the subsequent circumferential buttering passes, the depth of the grinding score shall be

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T/SP/P/9
measured and the remaining pipe ligament established. Subject to the remaining ligament thickness
being equal to 85% of the nominal pipe wall thickness or 5.0 mm whichever is the greater, the pipe wall
thickness may be restored by deposition of the subsequent buttering passes. For remaining ligaments
less than 5.0 mm the Responsible Engineer shall take expert advice. Any other type of damage found, or
metal loss due to grinding outside the buttering layer zone, shall be assessed in accordance with National
Grid procedure T/PM/P/11 or T/PM/P/20 as applicable.
The completed longitudinal seam welds shall be thoroughly cleaned and inspected in accordance with
clause 18.0. Any weld defects found shall be assessed in accordance with clause 19.2.
16.2 Circumferential fillet welds

16.2.1 Temperature decay tests
Prior to commencement of welding, the heat sink measurements described in clause 15.2.2.1 shall be
carried out and recorded (see Appendix J).
16.2.2 Welding parameter settings

Prior to the deposition of the buttering runs, the welding parameters shall be checked by welding onto a
test plate to set polarity and welding current, this is to ensure compliance with the welding procedure
specification. The welding current shall also be checked at intervals during the welding operation to
ensure that the maximum specified current limits are complied with. The welding current shall be
monitored continuously during welding of the buttering layers for pipe with a wall thickness less than
5.0 mm. An in-line ammeter or portable arc data monitor shall be used, to ensure that the maximum
specified current is not exceeded.
16.2.3 Proximity of welding arcs

To prevent excess heat build up and the associated risk of pipe wall penetration arising from two arcs in
close proximity, at no time shall adjacent welding arc pools be closer than 50 mm to each other. For
pipe sizes of 300 mm and below, close monitoring of this requirement by the Welding inspector is needed
at the 12 o’clock and the 6 o’clock pipe positions. Extra vigilance is required at the bottom of the pipe
while heating and welding in this area.
For nominal pipe outside diameters of 150mm and below, one welder may be used to weld the fitting. The
welding technique used shall provide a balanced deposition sequence between both sides of the
circumferential fillet weld.
16.2.4 Pipe wall buttering

A buttering technique shall be used to reinforce the pipe wall, to minimise bead penetration and the risk of
under bead cracking. Additional reinforcement shall be applied over the buttering passes where the gap
between the fitting and the pipe exceeds 1.5 mm up to a maximum of 6.0 mm as shown in Figure 7.
The buttering layers shall be deposited with an appropriate electrode diameter (see Table 1). The first
bead shall be deposited as close as possible to the fitting without impinging or making any attachment to
it. The fillet leg length and gap between the pipe and fitting shall determine the number of buttering runs
required. Starts and stops of adjacent weld runs shall be staggered by not less than 25 mm (see Figure
9).
Pass 6 as shown in Figure 7a, or pass 9 as shown in Figure 7b, or their equivalent, shall be deposited as
close as possible to the extremity of pass 5 or its equivalent, as shown in Figure 7 without impinging on to
the pipe wall.
The number of weld runs deposited in the buttering layers is determined by the required fillet weld leg
length & throat thickness. For pipelines designed to operate at stress levels below 30% the minimum leg
length shall be at least equal to the pipeline design thickness. For pipelines designed to operate at stress
levels above 30% SMYS, the minimum leg length shall be at least twice the pipeline design thickness.
(see Figure 8).
To conserve preheat the buttering layers may be completed in sequential segments.

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T/SP/P/9
16.2.5 Sealing the fillet weld throat

After completion and inspection of the buttering layers, including any additional reinforcement that has
been necessary (see clause 16.2.4), welding can commence in the throat of the fillet weld.
The first pass in the throat of the fillet weld, run 7 shall not extend beyond one electrode run out length
before being reinforced by the deposition of run 8 (see Figure 7c). This technique shall be used
progressively around the joint until the throat of the fillet weld is sealed.
16.2.6 Fillet weld interruption and completion

To conserve preheat, the remainder of the fillet may be completed in segments, layers or, provided that
the limits specified in clause 15.2.2.2 are not exceeded, by single continuous runs. For pipe less than 750
mm nominal diameter the weld shall not be left partially completed.
In planning a hot-tap operation, the Employer and the National Grid Welding Engineer may approve the
interruption of a large diameter circumferential fillet weld subject to a satisfactory written risk assessment
being carried out (see Appendix M.2). In such cases the following conditions apply:
• The nominal diameter of the pipeline and split tee is equal to or greater than 750 mm.
• At least two thirds of the design fitting leg length of the first circumferential fillet weld shall be
completed around the full circumference before the planned interruption.
• Prior to welding recommencing following any weld interruption the circumferential fillet weld shall
be examined by MPI to confirm the absence of injurious defects.
• Following any weld interruption preheating shall be re-applied as specified in clause 15.0.
• The first circumferential fillet weld shall always be completed and the weld and fitting allowed to
cool to ambient temperature prior to commencement of the second circumferential fillet weld.
• Wherever possible the second fillet weld shall be completed in one cycle as the tee will now be
firmly anchored to the pipe and a partly completed weld will have to accommodate the full
residual stresses of the split-tee/pipe system. If this is not possible then at least 75% of the
design fitting leg length of the circumferential fillet weld shall be completed around the
circumference before any interruption is permitted.
When fittings are manufactured from BS EN 10208-3 P460 NL1 / NL2 grade or Hyplus-29 materials a
temper bead shall be applied to the final weld run of the circumferential fillet weld in accordance with the
approved welding procedure (see Appendix F and Appendix M).
16.2.7 Fillet weld sequence

It is important that, after completion of the first circumferential fillet weld, the fitting is allowed to cool to
ambient temperature and inspected by magnetic particle examination before welding commences on the
fillet weld at the opposite end of the fitting.
In some circumstances to make maximum use of available welding time, buttering the pipe at each end of
the fitting prior to sealing the throat of the first fillet weld may be considered. The buttering passes shall
not be deposited at both ends simultaneously. The Responsible Engineer shall agree this option in each
case. However, the effects of weld shrinkage from the first completed fillet weld shall be taken into
account.
The completed circumferential fillet welds shall be thoroughly cleaned and inspected in accordance with
clause 18.0. Any weld defects found shall be assessed in accordance with clause 19.2.
16.3 Set-on-Fittings, Flanged attachments and Cathodic Protection Plates

16.3.1 General
16.3.1.1 Temperature decay tests
Prior to the commencement of welding the heat sink measurements described in clause 15.2.2.1 shall be
carried out and recorded (see Appendix J).

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T/SP/P/9
16.3.1.2 Welding parameter settings

Prior to welding the fitting to the pipe, the welding parameters shall be checked by welding onto a test
plate to set polarity and welding current thus ensuring compliance with the welding procedure
specification (see clause 16.2.2).
16.3.1.3 Tack welding

Tack welding may proceed after preheating to the temperature specified in clause 15.3. The end of the
tack welds shall be dressed to a taper to ensure full fusion with the root pass.
6.3.2 Set-on-fittings and flanged attachments

After completion of the root pass the weld deposition sequence shown in Figure 11 shall be applied. Pass
7 as shown in Figure 11, or its equivalent, shall be deposited as close as possible to the extremity of pass
5 or its equivalent, as shown in Figure 11, without impinging on to the pipe wall. This is designed to
minimise weld bead penetration and the risk of under-bead cracking.
All welding shall be stringer bead regardless of position. The weld shall be completed in one cycle.
The completed attachment weld shall be thoroughly cleaned and inspected in accordance with clause
18.0. Any weld defects found shall be assessed in accordance with clause 19.2.
16.3.2.1 Set-on-fittings and flanged attachments to pipe with a wall thickness below 5.0mm
To minimise weld bead penetration on pipe with a wall thickness less than 5mm, the deposition of a
circular band of buttering layers at the location may be considered before placing the fitting on the pipe. In
such cases, the buttering layer shall be inspected by Magnetic Particle examination prior to fitting the
attachment.
16.3.3 Cathodic protection plate attachments

The weld deposition sequence shall be as shown in Figure 12. The plate shall be fully welded around its
periphery and shall be completed in one cycle. The completed attachment weld shall be thoroughly
cleaned and inspected in accordance with clause 18.0. Any weld defects found shall be assessed in
accordance with clause 19.2.
17. WELD RUN CLEANING

Each run of weld metal shall be thoroughly cleaned, either by hand or power tools, before a further run is
applied.
Visible flaws such as cavities and other deposition faults shall be removed and particular attention paid to
the cleanliness of the junctions between the weld metal and the fusion faces, before deposition of further
weld metal. Clusters of surface porosity or individual pores and high points shall be removed by grinding.
All stops and starts may be ground smooth if necessary to ensure fusion of the subsequent weld run pick
up.
Welding shall cease immediately should visible cracking be discovered. The Authorising engineer
shall be informed and the cause of any cracking into the pipe wall investigated and treated in
accordance with National Grid procedure T/PR/P/11 or T/PM/P/20 as applicable.
18. INSPECTION
18.1 General
18.1.1 Non-destructive examination procedures
Inspection procedures in accordance with T/SP/NDT/2 shall be submitted to National Grid for approval
prior to the commencement of work. Adequate lighting and weather protection for inspection purposes
shall be made available (see clause 5.3).
18.1.2 Visual examination

All welds shall be inspected visually. Visual examination (see BS EN 970) shall be maintained throughout
the welding cycle, to ensure full compliance with the approved welding procedure, to check that proper

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T/SP/P/9
inter-run cleaning is being done and that an acceptable defect free weld with good profile is being
achieved. The weld shall be visually examined upon completion and shall have a good profile with a
positive reinforcement. Undercut and overspill shall not be permitted and shall be removed by grinding /
blending without detriment to the minimum wall thickness design requirements for pipe or fitting.
18.2 Magnetic Particle Examination

Completed buttering runs and all finished welds shall be inspected by Magnetic Particle examination as
described in BS EN ISO 17638. Wet methods only shall be used (i.e. paraffin based black inks on white
background). The magnetic field shall be generated by a suitable hand held 110 volt AC yoke type
electro-magnet with adjustable poles. All areas of welds shall be examined on two axes at 90° to each
other.
Small attachment fittings (90 mm nominal diameter and below) shall be welded in one cycle omitting the
intermediate magnetic particle examination, except when buttering is applied prior to fitting set-up (see
clause 16.3.2.1).
18.3 Inspector qualification requirements

The responsible engineer shall approve all inspection personnel. Welding inspection personnel shall be
qualified to the BGAS/CSWIP Inspector Approval Scheme and hold the following approvals as a
minimum:
i) Welding Inspector
ii) MPI Inspector
The Inspector shall be required to demonstrate a period of 3 years experience in the implementation of
the T/SP/P/9 Inspection procedures. In order to achieve this level of experience, with the approval of the
Employer, the inspector will be permitted to work on a T/SP/P/9 operation provided that they are
supervised by either a qualified inspector or a designated mentor who meets the requirements outlined
above.
All non-destructive examination (NDT) personnel shall be qualified to the appropriate grade in the
BGAS/CSWIP inspector approval scheme.
As a variation to this requirement, the Employer may consider the use of NDT personnel qualified to an
equivalent level in another certification scheme to undertake the NDT operations.
19. NON- DESTRUCTIVE TESTING ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

19.1 Quality of existing girth welds and pipe longitudinal seams
The integrity of existing girth welds and pipe seam welds examined shall be in accordance with the
standards to which the pipeline or pipe work was originally constructed. Where this cannot be confirmed
the acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with National Grid T/SP/P/1, T/SP/P/2 or T/SP/P8 as
applicable.
Existing girth and seam welds that do not meet the requirements specified above shall be dealt with as
follows:
a) Girth welds operating at pressures greater than 7 bar shall be assessed in accordance with
T/PR/P/18 procedures (see 5.5).
b) Girth welds operating at pressures equal to or less than 7 bar shall be subject to a risk
assessment by the Responsible Engineer and may require encapsulation in accordance
with T/PM/P/11 or T/PM/P20 as appropriate.
c) Unacceptable defects found on pipe seam welds shall either be fully encapsulated by the
hot-tap fitting or the fitting shall be moved to a location free from unacceptable defects
(see12.3.2).

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T/SP/P/9
19.2 Quality of T/SP/P/9 butt and fillet welds

Surface breaking or visual defects are unacceptable (see 17 and 18.1.2). Where non-destructive testing
reveals sub-surface flaws in butt and fillet welds, produced in accordance with this specification, they shall
meet the requirements of National Grid T/SP/P/1, T/SP/P/2 or T/SP/P8, as applicable. Unacceptable
defects shall be rectified prior to continuing with other welds on the attachment fitting.
20. RECTIFICATION OF IMPERFECTIONS.

Butt and fillet welds produced in accordance with this specification that are found to be defective, shall be
rectified by:
a) Local repairs to the joint.

b) To conserve preheat/ interpass temperatures, extensive defects confined to the fillet weld
metal may be repaired in sections.
c) If the size or nature of the defect requires removal of a complete weld, then the entire fitting
shall be removed, re-machined and the re-weld treated as a new weld. Should this occur, it
is recommended that the fitting be re-positioned to avoid re-welding over the original HAZ
of the defective weld. Further pipe examination may be required in this case (see clause
12.0).
All surface breaking or visual defects other than cracking shall be completely removed and rectified by
dressing, or grinding and re-welding (see clause 17). No weld shall be repaired without the approval and
supervision of the Welding Inspector.
Repair excavations shall be sufficiently deep and long to remove the defect. The ends and sides of the
excavation shall be gradually tapered from the base to the external weld surface. The width and profile
shall give adequate access for re-welding. The removal of the defect shall be confirmed by magnetic
particle examination prior to re-welding.
All welded repairs shall be carried out in accordance with the approved original welding procedure and
this specification. Providing that there is no deviation from the approved original welding procedure,
specific repair welding procedure sheets are not required. Any deviation from the original welding
procedure shall require qualification in accordance with BS 6990 and this specification.
Imperfections, defects or damage found on the original pipe surface, which may extend below the original
pipe surface shall be treated in accordance with National Grid procedure T/PR/P/11 or T/PM/P/20 as
applicable.
21. RECORDS
The Employer shall approve all documentation relating to the planning, risk assessment, preparation,
welding and inspection operations at the appropriate stage of the operation. Upon completion of the
activity the documentation required under the contract shall be retained for the asset life.

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T/SP/P/9
TABLE 1A – PERMITTED ELECTRODE DIAMETERS

Permitted electrode diameter 2.5 mm 3.25 mm 4 mm 4.5 mm
Encirclement fittings
1
Longitudinal seam - root layer
1
Longitudinal seam - next layers
Longitudinal seam - remainder of passes

1 2
Buttering layers
1
Fillet weld - first two passes
3 3
Fillet weld - subsequent passes
 
Set-on fittings, Flanged attachments
2,4
All passes
Cathodic protection plates, Drill locator
rings, Strain gauge pads
1 2
All passes
NOTES:
Pipe wall thickness range
Electrode
Note 4.0 to 4.9 mm 5.0 to 5.9mm > 6 mm
diameter
Maximum allowable welding current (amperage)
1 2.5 mm 90A 100A 100A
4
2 3.25 mm 110A 140A 150A
Buttering passes DC – negative
Recommended
1&2 Remainder of passes DC + positive DC + positive
polarity
DC - /+ negative or positive
3.25 mm diameter electrodes may be used in place of 4.0 mm diameter electrodes for
3
the subsequent passes on pipe less than 8 mm thickness.
4 For pipe wall thickness ≥ 20 mm the maximum amperage may be increased to 170A.

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T/SP/P/9
TABLE 1B PERMITTED CLASSIFICATIONS OF ELECTRODE

The following table details the AWS A5.5 welding electrode classifications to be used with the appropriate
carrier pipe material grades (National Grid shall be consulted on appropriate wire consumable type and
classifications should their use be proposed):
Required electrode classification for different

pipe material grades
Fitting/weld type
Gr. B to X65 X70 X80
L245 to L450 L485 L555
Longitudinal Seam Welds - All Passes E8018-G E8018-G E8018-G
Full encirclement fitting:

1. Buttering and first two passes in throat of E8018-G E8018-G E9018-G
circumferential fillet weld (vertical down).
2. All other passes (vertical down) E8018-G E9018-G E9018-G

E10018-G
3. Temper bead applied to fitting longitudinal seam
and fitting fillet weld toe for P460 NL1/NL2 or E8016-G E8016-G E8016-G
Hyplus-29 grade tees only (vertical up or
horizontal).
Set-on fitting:
1. Buttering and the first two passes in the throat E8018-G E8018-G E9018-G
of weld (vertical down or flat).
2. All other passes (vertical down or horizontal) E8018-G E9018-G E9018-G
CP Plate, Drill locator ring and Strain gauge pads E8018-G E8018-G E8018-G
TABLE 2 – FITTING TYPE APPLICATION RANGE
Fitting Type Size limitation (no. bore)

Weldolet ≤ 80 mm and d / D ≤ 0.4
Sockolet ≤ 40 mm and d / D ≤ 0.4
Threadolet ≤ 25 mm and d / D ≤ 0.4
Nipolet ≤ 25 mm and d / D ≤ 0.4
Weldoflange ≤ 50 mm
Note: d = nominal diameter of branch
D = nominal diameter of header
TABLE 3 - MINIMUM WELDER / INSPECTOR STAFFING LEVELS FOR SPLIT TEE CONNECTIONS
(2)
Number of welders
Nominal Pipe Number of
(2)
Diameter Inspectors
Long. Weld Circ. Weld
50 – 150 mm 1 1 1
200 – 350 mm 2 2 1
400 – 450 mm 2 2 2
(1)
> 450mm 2 or 4 2 2
Notes: 1 A minimum of four welders are required for fittings of > 750 mm in length (see clause 16.1).
2 Where extended periods of welding are anticipated then relief welders and inspectors shall be
made available (see clause 5.4). In some circumstances a relief crew, working on a shift basis
may be required. The number of operatives to be used shall be stated on the project method
statement.

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T/SP/P/9
ENCAPSULATION
DOME END
(A) FITTINGS FOR REPAIR WORK
SNUG FIT SHELL
TYPICAL FITTINGS FOR

BELOW 4 bar ONLY
"O" LET
(B) DIRECT BRANCHES
CODS MOUTH
BRANCH
(C) FULL ENCIRCLEMENT SADDLE TEES

FOR HOT-TAPPING WORK
NOT TO SCALE
FIGURE 1 - TYPICAL FITTINGS / ATTACHMENTS

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T/SP/P/9
FLAT
(2F/PB)
Actual pipe
OVERHEAD thickness
(4F/PE) 10
0
15
1.4 t
1.5 GAP
300
Actual thickness, t
Buttering runs
VERTICAL
(3F/PG)
FIGURE 2A – FILLET WELDS REQUIRED FOR WELDER QUALIFICATION.

PIPE WALL THICKNESS GROUP 1 – THICKNESS RANGE ≥ 4.0 mm TO ≤ 4.9 mm

- 22 -
T/SP/P/9
FLAT
(2F/PB)
OVERHEAD
(4F/PE) 5 10
0
15
10
1.5 GAP
300
5
Buttering runs
VERTICAL
(3F/PG)
FIGURE 2B – FILLET WELDS REQUIRED FOR WELDER QUALIFICATION.

PIPE WALL THICKNESS GROUP 2 – THICKNESS RANGE ≥ 5.0 mm TO ≤ 12.7 mm

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T/SP/P/9
FLAT
(2F/PB)
OVERHEAD 25
(4F/PE) 25
0
15
25
1.5 GAP
300
25
Buttering runs
VERTICAL
(3F/PG)
FIGURE 2C – FILLET WELDS REQUIRED FOR WELDER QUALIFICATION.

PIPE WALL THICKNESS GROUP 3 – THICKNESS RANGE GREATER THAN 12.7 mm

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T/SP/P/9
TOP HALF
OF FITTING
30° (+5, -0)

MAX ROOT GAP
3 mm (+3, -0)
10° (+5, -0)
BOTTOM HALF
OF FITTING
Figure 3a. Joint preparation for longitudinal seam welds. Vertical off-
take, fitting wall thickness less than 25 mm.
FIGURE 3A – JOINT PREPARATION FOR LONGITUDINAL SEAM WELDS.
VERTICAL OFF-TAKE, FITTING WALL THICKNESS LESS THAN 25 mm.

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T/SP/P/9
TOP HALF
OF FITTING
30° (+5, -0)
(up to 1/2 T)
MAX ROOT GAP

3 mm (+3, -0) 15° (+5, -0)
(from 1/2 T)
10° (+5, -0)
BOTTOM HALF
OF FITTING
Figure 3b. Joint preparation for longitudinal seam welds. Vertical off-
take, fitting wall thickness equal to or greater than 25 mm.
FIGURE 3B – JOINT PREPARATION FOR LONGITUDINAL SEAM WELDS.
VERTICAL OFF-TAKE, FITTING WALL THICKNESS EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN 25 mm.

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T/SP/P/9
30° (+5, -0) 30° (+5, -0)
FITTING FITTING
MAX ROOT GAP

3 mm (+3, -0)
Figure 3c. Joint preparation for longitudinal seam welds.

Side off-take, fitting wall thickness less than 25 mm.
(Same bevel angles for 12 and 6 o'clock positions.)
FIGURE 3C – JOINT PREPARATION FOR LONGITUDINAL SEAM WELDS.
SIDE OFF-TAKE, FITTING WALL THICKNESS LESS THAN 25 mm.
(SAME BEVEL ANGLES FOR 12 AND 6 O’CLOCK POSITIONS)

- 27 -
T/SP/P/9
30° (+5, -0) 30° (+5, -0)

(up to 1/2 T) (up to 1/2 T)
15° (+5, -0) 15° (+5, -0)

(from 1/2 T) (from 1/2 T)
FITTING FITTING
MAX ROOT GAP

3 mm (+3, -0)
Figure 3d. Joint preparation for longitudinal seam welds.

Side off-take, fitting wall thickness equal to or greater than 25 mm.
(Same bevel angles for 12 and 6 o'clock positions.)
FIGURE 3D – JOINT PREPARATION FOR LONGITUDINAL SEAM WELDS.
SIDE OFF-TAKE, FITTING WALL THICKNESS EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN 25 mm.
(SAME BEVEL ANGLES FOR 12 AND 6 O’CLOCK POSITIONS)

- 28 -
T/SP/P/9
TOP HALF
OF FITTING
A MINIMUM OF TWO
COMPLETE WELD LAYERS
SHALL BE DEPOSITED
PRIOR TO RELEASE OF THE
YOKE-TYPE CLAMP.
BOTTOM HALF N.B. EACH LAYER SHALL
OF FITTING CONSIST OF ONE OR MORE
WELD RUNS.
Figure 4. Minimum weld volume required prior to release of clamp.

(Arrangement shown for vertical off-take.)
FIGURE 4 – MINIMUM WELD VOLUME REQUIRED PRIOR TO RELEASE OF CLAMP.

(ARRANGEMENT SHOWN FOR VERTICAL OFF-TAKE.)

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T/SP/P/9
50 - 150
BACKING BAR
~75
FITTING RUN ON/OFF TAB
PIPE
Dimensions in mm
150 X 75
CARBON STEEL
BAR (8-12 THK),
ANGLED TO SUIT
LONG. SEAM WELD
PREPARATION.
25 X 4
CARBON STEEL
BACKING BAR.
Figure 5. Run on/off tabs for longitudinal seam welds.
FIGURE 5 – RUN-ON/RUN-OFF TABS FOR LONGITUDINAL SEAM WELDS.

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T/SP/P/9
First Two Layers First Two Layers
Remaining Passes
Figure 6. Welding sequence for longitudinal seams.
FIGURE 6 – WELDING SEQUENCE FOR LONGITUDINAL SEAMS.

(Note: A balanced weld deposition sequence shall be used as
shown, for the first two layers of weld metal. The remaining
fill and cap passes shall be welded from one end of the fitting
to the other, in the direction of preference.)

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T/SP/P/9
FITTING
FITTING
11
10
8
6 7 9 6
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
PIPE PIPE
a.) Buttering run sequence. d.) Fill run sequence, 1st layer.
FITTING
16
FITTING
15
11 14
10 13
8
6 7 8 9 7 9 12 6
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
PIPE PIPE
b.) Buttering run sequence, excess gap. e.) Fill run sequence, 2nd layer.
etc.
16
FITTING
15
FITTING
11 14
10 13
8 8
7 6 7 9 12 6
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
PIPE PIPE
c.) Throat closure weld runs. f.) Fill run sequence, cap layer.
Figure 7. Circumferential fillet weld sequence.
FIGURE 7 – CIRCUMFERENTIAL FILLET WELD SEQUENCE.

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T/SP/P/9
LEG LENGTH
=1.4t + GAP
<2t FITTING < 2t
t PIPE
A) FITTING < 2t
2t + GAP
2t FITTING = 2t
t PIPE
B) FITTING = 2t
2t + GAP
>2t FITTING > 2t
2t
t PIPE
C) FITTING > 2t
FIGURE 8. CIRCUMFERENTIAL FILLET WELD DIMENSIONS.
A) FOR PIPELINES DESIGNED TO OPERATE AT STRESS LEVELS BELOW 30%
B) & C) FOR PIPELINES DESIGNED TO OPERATE AT STRESS LEVELS ABOVE 30% SMYS
(i.e. a 'mitre' fillet) and the profile shall not show any concavity.)
(Note: The completed fillet weld shall be of equal leg length

- 33 -
T/SP/P/9
FITTING PIPE FITTING PIPE
FIRST SEGMENT
SECOND SEGMENT
WELDING DIRECTION
SEGMENT
SEGMENT
BUTTERING FILLET CLOSURE FILL PASSES

RUNS (ROOT & HOT PASS)
Figure 9. Circumferential fillet weld sequence

showing offset stop/start arrangement.
FIGURE 9 – CIRCUMFERENTIAL FILLET WELD SEQUENCE
SHOWING OFFSET STOP/START ARRANGEMENT.

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T/SP/P/9
FIGURE 10 - MAXIMUM DISTRIBUTION OF DEFECTS IN CROSS SECTIONS

OF WELDER QUALIFICATION TEST WELDS
NOT TO SCALE
mm

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T/SP/P/9
PASS 7 (OR ITS EQUIVALENT),

TO BE APPLIED AS CLOSE AS
POSSIBLE TO THE EXTREMITY
OF PASS 5 (OR ITS
SET- EQUIVALENT), WITHOUT
FITTIN
ON IMPINGING ON TO THE PIPE.
G
8
6
3 7
1 2 4 5
PIPE
FIGURE 11 - WELD BUTTERING AND FILL SEQUENCE FOR SET-ON FITTING ATTACHMENT.
A MINIMUM OF TWO PASSES

WELDED FULLY AROUND THE
PLATE. THE SECOND PASS TO
BE APPLIED AS CLOSE AS
POSSIBLE TO THE EXTREMITY
1.0 mm + 0 mm OF PASS ONE WITHOUT
– 0.5 mm IMPINGING ONTO THE PIPE
2 PLATE 2
1 1
PIPE
FIGURE 12 – WELD SEQUENCE FOR CATHODIC PROTECTION PLATES AND

STRAIN GAUGE ATTACHMENTS

- 36 -
T/SP/P/9
Figure 13. Typical temperature decay curves

- 37 -
T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX A
LIST OF REFERENCES
This Specification makes reference to the documents listed below (see clause 2).
European & International Standards

BS EN 169 Personal eye-protection. Filters for welding and related techniques. Transmittance
requirements and recommended use.
BS EN 970 Non-destructive examination of fusion welds – Visual examination.
BS EN 1011-2 Welding - Recommendations for Welding of Metallic Materials - Part 2: Arc

Welding of Ferritic Steels
BS EN 1435 Non-destructive examination of welds - Radiographic examination of welded joints.
BS EN 10025-2 Hot rolled products of structural steels.

Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels
BS EN 10204 Metallic products Types of inspection documents.
BS EN 10208-3 Flat products made of steels for pressure puposes – Part 3: Weldable fine grain
steels, normalised
BS EN 10160 Ultrasonic testing of steel flat product of thickness equal or greater than 6 mm
(reflection method).
BS EN 30012 Quality assurance requirements for measuring equipment:

Part 1 - Meteorological confirmation system for measuring equipment
(also known as BS 5781: Part 1).
BS EN ISO 3690 Welding and allied processes. Determination of hydrogen content in ferritic steel
weld metal.
BS EN ISO 17638 Non-destructive testing of welds — Magnetic particle testing
British Standards
BS 638 Specification for arc welding power sources, equipment and accessories
Part 4 - Welding cables
Part 5 - Accessories
Part 7 - Safety requirements for installation and use
Part 8 - Electrode Holders and hand held torches and guns for MIG,MAG and
TIG welding
Part 9 - Power sources for manual arc welding with limited duty
Part 10 - Safety requirements for arc welding equipment: welding power sources
BSI PD 970 Wrought steels for mechanical and allied engineering purposes – Requirements for
carbon, carbon manganese and alloy hot worked or cold worked finished steels.
BS 6990 Code of practice for Welding on steel pipes containing process fluids or their
residuals
BS 7570 Code of practice for validation of arc-welding equipment.
National Grid Specifications & Procedures

T/PM/EL/1 Procedures for the selection, installation and maintenance of luminaires and lamps.
T/SP/F/1 Technical specification for carbon and carbon manganese steel forgings and
forged components for operating pressures greater than 7 bar.

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T/SP/P/9
T/SP/F/4 Technical specification for hot tap and stopping-off connections (for operating
pressures 2 bar to 100 bar inclusive).
T/SP/P/1 Technical specification for welding of steel pipe operating at pressures not greater
than 7bar.
T/SP/P/2 Technical specification for welding of land pipelines and installations designed to
operate at pressures greater than 7 bar (incorporating BS 4515).
T/SP/P/8 Specification for welding of steel onshore natural gas installations designed to
operate at pressures greater than 7 bar.
T/SP/NDT/2 Specification for non-destructive testing of welded joints in steel pipelines and pipe
work.
T/PM/P/11 Management procedure for inspection, assessment and repair of damaged (non-
leaking) steel pipelines above 150 mm nominal diameter and designed to operate
at pressures greater than 2 bar.
T/PM/P/20 Management procedure for inspection, assessment and repair of damaged (non-
leaking) steel pipelines and pipework up to 150 mm nominal diameter and
designed to operate at pressures greater than 2 bar.
T/PR/P/18 Work Procedures for working on pipelines containing defective girth welds or girth
welds of unknown quality.
T/SP/PW/11 Part 1 Specification for pipework systems operating exceeding 7 bar – Design and
materials.
T/PL/RE/1 Policy for the capture, update and retention of engineering asset records.
T/PM/G/17 Management Procedure for The Management Of New Works, Modifications and
Repairs.

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX B DEFINITIONS
Approved Welder:
A welder who has demonstrated their skill and ability by producing a satisfactory test weld or welds in
accordance with the requirements of this specification.
Approved welding procedure:

A documented welding procedure approved by National Grid, by means of a welding procedure test and
the result of authenticated and documented experience, gained by welding joints similar to that to which
the welding procedure applies.
Responsible Engineer:
National Grid Engineer (or nominated representative), responsible for ensuring that this specification is
complied with.
Employer:
Shall mean National Grid plc.or its nominated representative.
HAZ
Heat affected zone.
Inspector:
The body, association or employee, that ensures that the construction and materials used are in
accordance with this specification.
Joint:
The completed weld joining two sections of pipe, a section of pipe to a fitting or two fittings.
Leg length:
The distance between the inter-section of the fusion faces and the toe of a fillet weld, measured along the
fusion face (see Figure 8).
Low hydrogen electrode:

For the purposes of this specification, a low hydrogen electrode shall be one which gives not more than
5 ml of diffusible hydrogen per 100 grams of deposited weld metal, determined in accordance with the
method given in EN ISO 3690: Part 2.
Mechanized welding:
Welding where the welding parameters are controlled mechanically or electronically and may be manually
varied during welding to maintain the required welding conditions.
Pipe coupon:
The part of the pipe removed during a drilling operation.
Positional Welding:
Welding where the pipe or assembly is held stationary.
Root run:
The deposited first weld run in the base of a multi-run weld.
Note: Also known as a ‘root stringer bead’ in vertical down welding.
Semi-automatic welding:
Welding in which some of the welding variables are automatically controlled, but manual guidance is
necessary.
Throat thickness:
The minimum cross sectional length of weld metal measured from the root face of the fillet weld,
excluding any buttering runs necessary to reduce a gap between the fitting and the pipe (see Figure 8).

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T/SP/P/9
Welding procedure:
A specific course of action followed in welding, including lists of materials and where necessary, tools to
be used.
Welding procedure test:

The making and testing of a welded joint, representative of that to be used on an actual job, in order to
prove the feasibility of a welding procedure.
Weld Layer:
A number of weld runs placed side by side to produce a weld deposit of the required width at that location,
for the given joint preparation. (see Figure 4).
Weld Run:
A weld deposit produced by a single pass or traverse of the welding electrode.

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX C
INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY EMPLOYER

Item Question Reply BS 6990
Ref
a The location and identification To be provided at the time
of the pipeline or pipe work. of enquiry.
b The type of process fluid, and To be provided at the time 5.3
its temperature pressure and of enquiry 5.8
flow rate.
c The composition of the pipe To be provided at the time
material of enquiry or established
once access to the pipe is
available
d The type of fitting to be used To be provided at the time 11.1
and its position on the pipe of enquiry
e Whether batch testing of When required by the
electrodes and filler materials Employer and for pipe
is required material ≥ L485 or X70
grade.
f The interval before testing the 24 hours 13.2
test welds if other than 24 hrs. (4) ii
g The period for which records of National Grid will keep the 13.3
approved welding procedures record of approved weld
should be kept. procedures for the life of
the asset.
h Whether prevailing weather When the quality of the 23
conditions are such that completed weld would be
welding is not to be carried out. impaired by airborne
moisture, blowing sands
or high wind, welding shall
not be carried out.
i The methods of non- To be in accordance with 27.1
destructive testing, and the methods described in 27.3
examination level to be used T/SP/NDT/2. 27.4
when ultrasonic examination in 27.5
accordance with BS EN 1719 is
to be applied

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX D
ITEMS TO BE APPROVED BY EMPLOYER

Item Question Reply BS 6990 ref.
A The minimum tensile strength of As specified in the weld 11.1(b)
weld metal for fillet welds when this procedure specification
needs not be as high as the
minimum specified for the parent
metal
B Electrodes and filler metals to be As specified in the weld 1.1
used procedure specification
C Documentation relating to weld Documents* will be held by 13.3
procedure approval National Grid and will be made
available if required
D Use of diameter and thickness See Table 1, item d) of BS 6990 13.4 b)
grouping for weld procedure and clause 10 of this
approval. Specification
E Use of a plate butt joint to simulate A plate butt joint can be used to 13.4 c)
a longitudinal butt weld for welding simulate a longitudinal butt weld
procedure approval for weld procedure approval
F The weld procedure used for the See clause 13.1 of this 18.1
repair of defects in an Specification
encirclement fitting
g The thermal cutting method for Thermal cutting is not allowed 19.1
making large modifications to the
radius of a set-on fitting
h Repairs or rejection of arc strikes See Appendix I of this 22
Specification
i Non-destructive testing procedures See clause 18 of this 27.1
specification
j Inspection personnel All welding inspection personnel
shall be qualified to the
BGAS/CSWIP Inspector
approval scheme (see clause
18.3)
* These documents are available from National Grid Group

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX E
ITEMS TO BE AGREED BY THE CONTRACTING PARTIES
Item Question Reply BS 6990

Ref
a The minimum pipe thickness on To be provided at the 7
which welding is to be carried out time of enquiry
when the conditions are other
than those detailed in clause 7 of
BS 6990
b The specification of the material See clause 7 of this 9
for a fitting Specification
c The definition of a batch when When required by the 11.1
batch testing of electrodes and Employer, a
filler metals is required. representative
sample of each
lot/heat of electrodes
supplied.

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX F
TYPICAL WELD PROCEDURE SPECIFICATIONS

Contents:
Welding procedures for pipe material grades ≥ L245 (Gr B) to ≤ L450 (X65)
Weld Procedure No. Details
WPS 01 Longitudinal Seam Weld (3 & 9 o’clock Position)
WPS 02 Longitudinal Seam Weld (6 & 12 o’clock Position)
WPS 03 Circumferential Fillet –Buttering (≥ 5.0 mm pipe wall thickness)
WPS 04 Circumferential Fillet –Completion (≥ 5.0 mm pipe wall thickness)
WPS 05 Temper bead for P460 NL1 / NL2 and Hyplus 29 fitting fillet welds
WPS 06 Weldolet and Flanged Attachments
WPS 07 Cathodic Protection Plate
WPS 08 Circumferential Fillet – Buttering (4.0 to 4.9 mm pipe wall thickness)
WPS 09 Circumferential Fillet – Completion (4.0 to 4.9 mm pipe wall thickness)
Welding procedures for material grade L555 or X80
*WPS 10 Longitudinal Seam Weld (3 & 9 o’clock Position)
*WPS 11 Longitudinal Seam Weld (6 & 12 o’clock Position)
WPS 12 Circumferential Fillet –Buttering
WPS 13 Circumferential Fillet –Completion – ESAB 90DH
WPS 14 Circumferential Fillet –Completion – Bohler BVD 90 / BVD 100
WPS 15 Temper bead for P460 NL1 / NL2 and Hyplus 29 fitting fillet welds
WPS 16 Weldolet and Flanged Attachments
See WPS 07 Cathodic Protection Plate
* The welding procedure given in WPS 10 and WPS11 are suitable for welding all tee materials ≥ 25 mm
thick covered by this specification.
WPS --- Blank weld procedure Pro-forma

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T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 01
Longitudinal Seam Weld
(3 & 9 o’clock Position)
Revision No. 0
Typical Weld Procedure Specification Date: 1st January 2010
Project: Exe to Wye pipeline Client: National Grid
Specification/Procedure National Grid T/SP/P/9
Fitting Material T/SP/F/4-BS EN 10028-3 – Product
Pipe Fluid
1.0562 Grade P335N Natural Gas
CEV 0.42%
Base Materials
Pipe Material/CEV% API 5L X52 / Pressure (Range) 19 to 32 bar

confirmed 0.46%
Wall Thickness / Dia. 9.5mm / 610mm dia. Flow (Range) 0.1 to 0.3 m/s
Range Covered Dia / WT >6.0mm – 12.7mm (w.t.) Welding Process SMAW
Process
>114.3mm (dia.)
Pipe Position Fixed Horizontal Weld Position(s) 2G (PB)
Fitting Position Horizontal/Vertical Branch
Joint Details Pass Locations
A 3 + 3, -0 mm
B 30 + 5, -0 deg A B
2 4 6
C 10 + 5, -0 deg 1 3 5
C
D 1.5 + 1, -0 mm
D
Clamping Method Yoke Clamp Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) Min 250, Max 300
Pre-Heat
Backing Strip Interpass Temp ( 0C )

Fitting
Set Up
PD 970 – 080 A15 or equivalent Min 150, Max 250

Weld
Run Off/ Run On Tabs PD 970 – 080 A15 or equivalent Application *Oxy Propane Torch
Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) See P/9 Appendix H and 13.3.3. Measurement Tempilstik® and/or
thermocouple
Technique
Electrode Name ** Filarc 27P String/Weave Runs Stringer Beads

Consumable -
Classifications E46 4 B 41 H5 / E8018-G Cleaning Method Hand and/or Power Tools

Controls
Baking Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak Clamp Removal See Instruction No. 3
Holding Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak 1. Number of welders per seam weld; see instruction No.1.
Notes
Quiver Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak

Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Weld Weld No. Of Dia. AC/DC+ Heat
Pass Process Direction Welders
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Type/Gas Flow Amps Volts Speed Feed Input
No. Shield Rate (mm/sec) Speed (KJ/mm)
2 per
1&2 SMAW Horizontal **27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-130 20-26 3.0 N/A 0.99
side
2 per
side
2 per
side
The remainder of the fill passes as per pass 5&6
Instructions:
1. When the length of the fitting exceeds 750mm two welders shall be used on each longitudinal seam. One welder per side can be used for seams less than
750mm in length.
2. Welding will commence in the middle of the fitting and progress to the ends until two complete weld layers have been deposited. At this point in the
procedure, the yoke clamp may be removed (see Figure 4 of T/SP/P/9) and welding can progress in the direction of preference. Care shall be taken to
balance the welding of the seam welds. The fitting shall be fully supported prior to the release of the clamp(s).
* Oxy Propane or electrical preheating or a combination of both may be used (see clause 15.0 of T/SP/P/9).
** Filarc 27P or an equivalent National Grid approved electrode. Vacuum packed and treated as per electrode control procedure.
Contractor National Grid

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 46 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 02
Typical Weld Procedure Specification Revision No. 0

Date: 1st January 2010
Pipe Fluid
CEV 0.42%
Base Materials

confirmed 0.46%
Process
>114.3mm (dia.)
Pipe Position Fixed Horizontal Weld Position(s) 1G & 4G (PA & PE)
Fitting Position Horizontal/Horizontal Branch
A 3 + 3, -0 mm B C
B 30 + 5, -0 deg
D 3 4
C 30 + 5, -0 deg 2
D 1.5 + 1, -0 mm 1
A
Clamping Method Yoke Clamp Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) Min 250, Max 300
Pre-Heat

Fitting
Set Up

Weld
Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) See P/9 Appendix H and 13.3.3 Measurement Tempilstik® and/or
thermocouple
Technique

Consumable -
Classifications E 46 4 B 41 H5 / E8018-G Cleaning Method Hand and/or Power Tools

Controls
Baking Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak Clamp Removal See Instruction No. 2
Holding Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak 1. Number of welders per seam weld; see instruction No.1.
Notes

Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
2 per
1&2 SMAW Flat **27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-130 20-26 3.0 N/A 0.99
side
2 per
3&4 SMAW & **27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-150 21-26 2.5 N/A 1.22
side
2 per
5&6 SMAW Overhead **27P 4.0 DC+ Basic N/A 160-200 22-26 2.0 N/A 2.10
side
The remainder of the fill passes as per pass 5&6
Instructions:
750mm in length.
2. Welding will commence in the middle of the fitting and progress to the ends until two complete weld layers have been deposited. At this point in the
procedure, the yoke clamp may be removed (see Figure 4 of T/SP/P/9) and welding can progress in the direction of preference. Care shall be taken to
balance the welding of the flat and overhead weld seams. The fitting shall be fully supported prior to the release of the clamp(s).

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 47 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 03
Circumferential Fillet
Buttering
Revision No. 0
Pipe Fluid
CEV 0.42%
Base Materials

confirmed 0.46%
Wall Thickness / Dia. 9.5mm / 610mm dia Flow (Range) 0.1 to 0.3 m/s
Process
>114.3mm (dia.)
Pipe Position Fixed Horizontal Weld Position(s) PG (5F)
Fi tting This Gap May Vary

Fitting
Fitting 6
4 4 5
1 2 3
Pipe 1 2 3
Pipe Pipe
t 2t 2t
Clamping Method N/A Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) Min 250, Max 300

Pre-Heat
Interpass Temp ( 0C )
Fitting
Set Up
Backing Strip N/A Min 150, Max 250

Weld
Run Off/ Run On Tabs N/A Application *Oxy Propane Torch

Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) N/A Measurement Tempilstik® and/or
thermocouple
Electrode Name String/Weave Runs
Technique
** Filarc 27P Stringer Beads

Consumable -

Controls
Baking Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak Clamp Removal N/A

Holding Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak
1. The ‘tempering pass’ (pass 4 or 6 or their equivalent)
Notes
Quiver Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak shall be deposited as close to the toe of the final buttering
pass as possible, without impinging onto the parent plate.
Shielding Gas N/A ** Use VacPak
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Vertical 1 per
1 SMAW **27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-150 20-26 3.0 N/A 0.99
Down side
The remainder of the buttering passes as per pass one.

Instructions:
1. Temperature decay to be carried out prior to commencement of welding (see T/SP/P/9 clause 15.2.2).
2 Additional layers of buttering may be required depending on the gap between pipe and fitting. The maximum gap shall be 6mm.
3 Passes 1 to 4, or passes 1 to 6 (where an extra layer is required) or their equivalent, shall be deposited in blocks around the pipe.
4 Stop/starts to be staggered by a minimum of 25mm.
5. The completed buttering passes shall be examined by Magnetic Particle Inspection before continuing the fillet weld. If any evidence of cracking is found,
welding shall cease immediately and National Grid shall be informed.
* See clause 15.0 of T/SP/P/9.


Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 48 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 04
Completion of
circumferential fillet weld
Revision No. 0
Pipe Fluid
CEV 0.42%
Base Materials

confirmed 0.46%
Process
>114.3mm (dia.)
C
Fitting Fitting C Fitting B
Fitti ng B
A
5 6
4 4 5 6 A 4 4
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
1 2 3
Pipe Pipe Pipe Pipe
2t 2t 2t 2t

Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up

Weld
N/A Min 150, Max 250

Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) N/A Measurement ‘Tempilstick’
Technique

Consumable -

Controls

1. A ‘temper bead’ capping sequence shall be used for the
Notes
Quiver Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak final runs to the fitting.

Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Vertical 1 per
A SMAW
Down side
**27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-150 20-26 3.0 N/A 0.99
Vertical 1 per
B SMAW
Down side
**27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-150 20-26 2.5 N/A 1.22
Vertical 1 per
C SMAW
Down side
**27P 4.0 DC+ Basic N/A 170-210 20-26 2.0 N/A 2.18
The remainder of the fillet weld as per pass C

Instructions:
1. Temperature decay to be carried out prior to commencement of welding (seeT/SP/P/9 clause 15.2.2).
2 Pass A is not to extend beyond one electrode run out length before deposition of pass B,
3 Stop/starts to be staggered by a minimum of 25mm.
4. Once pass B has been completed around the entire circumference of the pipe, the fillet weld can be completed in balanced layers or segments to take maximum
benefit of localised weld inter- pass temperatures.
5. A minimum inter-pass temperature of 150 ºC shall be maintained on the fitting but can be relaxed to a minimum of 100 ºC on the pipe side of the joint after
completion of pass C.
* Oxy Propane or electrical resistance preheating or a combination of both may be used.

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 49 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 05
Circumferential Fillet -
Completion
Temper Bead for P460/Hyplus 29
Typical Weld Procedure Specification material fittings
Revision No. 0
Pipe Fluid
Grade P460 NL2 No. 1.8918 Natural Gas
CEV 0.47%
Base Materials
Pipe Material/CEV% API 5L X52 Pressure (Range) 19 to 32 bar

confirmed 0.46%
Range Covered Dia / WT >6.0mm – 12.7mm (W.T.) Welding Process SMAW
Process
>114.3mm (dia.)
Pipe Position Fixed Horizontal Weld Position(s) 5F (PF)
Groove prepared by
grinding (see note 2).

Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up

Weld
Run Off/ Run On Tabs Application *Oxy Propane Torch

N/A
and / or Electrical Heating
0
Pre-Heat Temp ( C ) N/A Measurement Tempilstik® / Thermocouple
Electrode Name Filarc 88S String/Weave Runs Stringer Beads
Technique
E50 6 Mn 1Ni B 12 H5 /
Consumable -
Classifications Cleaning Method Hand and/or Power Tools

E8016-G
Controls
Baking Temp ( 0C ) N/A Use VacPak Clamp Removal N/A

Holding Temp ( 0C ) N/A Use VacPak
Notes
1. See clause16.2.6 and Appendix M of

Quiver Temp ( 0C ) N/A Use VacPak
T/SP/P/9.
Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Filarc
1 SMAW Vertical Up 2 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-140 21-24 3.0 N/A 0.90
88S
Instructions:
1. Oxy Propane (see P/9 - Appendix H) or electrical preheating methods (or a combination of both may be used).
2. Prior to deposition of the temper bead ( pass 1) the previous final pass of the fillet weld shall be prepared by grinding using a 4mm disc
Care shall be taken to maintain the edge of the final pass to provide a clear guideline for deposition of the temper bead..
3. The temper bead pass may be applied at the blocking or segment stage.
4. Care shall be taken to prevent impingement of the temper bead onto the fitting.
5. Stop starts shall be offset by a minimum distance of 25mm.

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 50 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 06
Weldolets and Flanged
Attachments
Revision No. 0
Fitting Material T/SP/F/1 – F60 Grade Product Natural Gas
Fluid
Pipe
Pipe Material/CEV% API 5L X52 Pressure (Range)
Base Materials
19 to 32 bar
confirmed 0.46%
Wall Thickness / Dia. 9.5mm / 610mm – 60.3mm Flow (Range) 0.1 to 0.3 m/s
>114.3mm (dia.)
Process
Pipe Position Fixed Horizontal Weld Position(s) PB (2G)
Fitting Position 60.3mm vertical Branch
(12 o’clock pipe position)
SET-ON
FITTING S E T -O N
F IT T IN G
S e e n o te b e lo w
8
Gap 3.0 mm
6
(+1, -0) 3 7
1 2 4 5
PIPE P IP E

Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up
Backing Strip N/A Interpass Temp ( 0C )

Weld
Min 150, Max 250

Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) N/A Measurement Tempilstik®
Technique

Classifications Cleaning Method
Consumable -
E46 4 B 41 H5 / E8018-G Hand and/or Power Tools

Controls

Holding Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak 1. Pass 7 or its equivalent shall act as a temper bead pass
(see Instruction No.4).
Notes

Side Gas Wire AV.

Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Vertical 1 per
1-5 SMAW **27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-150 20-26 3.0 N/A 0.99
Down side
Vertical 1 per
6 SMAW **27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-150 20-26 2.5 N/A 1.22
Down side
The remainder of weld passes as per pass six
Instructions:
2. Fitting to be pre-heated to a minimum of 150°C.
3. The weld shall be completed in one cycle (care being taken to prevent overheating above the maximum inter-pass temperature).
4. Pass No. 7 or its equivalent (see Figure 11 of T/SP/P/9,) to be placed as close as possible to the extremity of pass 5 or its equivalent, without impinging onto the
pipe
5. Stop/starts to be staggered by a minimum of 25mm.

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 51 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 07
Cathodic Protection Plate
Revision No. 0
Fitting Material BS EN 10025 – S275JR Product Natural Gas
Fluid
Pipe
Base Materials
Pipe Material/CEV% API 5L X52 Pressure (Range) 19 to 32 bar

confirmed 0.46%
Wall Thickness / Dia. 9.5mm / 610mm Flow (Range) 0.1 to 0.3 m/s
Process
>114.3mm (dia.)
Pipe Position Fixed Horizontal Weld Position(s) PB (2F)
Fitting Position 12 o’clock pipe position
CP Plate
2
1
Pipe
Pre-Heat

Fitting
Set Up

Weld

Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) N/A Measurement Tempilstik® and /or
thermocouple
Technique

Consumable -

Controls

1. An oval or round CP Plate to suit contour of pipe,
Notes
Quiver Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak maximum gap to be 1.5 mm between plate and pipe.
2. CP Plate to be fully welded around the periphery
Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
1 SMAW Flat 1 **27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-130 20-26 3.0 N/A 0.99
2 SMAW Flat 1 **27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-130 20-26 3.0 N/A 0.99
Instructions:
2. For preheating strain gauge pads see clause 15.3.
3. A minimum of two passes shall be applied. The second pass is to be deposited as close as possible to the extremity of the first pass without impinging onto the
pipe surface (see Figure 12 of T/SP/P/9).
4. Weld to be completed in one cycle.
* See clause 15.0 of T/SP/P/9.


Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 52 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 08
Circumferential Fillet Buttering -
4.0mm to 4.9mm wall thickness
pipe
Project: Wye to Sedd pipeline Client: National Grid
Fitting Material BS EN 1501 – 151 Grade Product Natural Gas
Pipe Fluid
430A
Pipe Material/CEV% BS 3602 / Pressure (Range) 4 to 6 bar
Base Materials
Confirmed 0.35%
Range Covered Dia / WT 4.0mm – 6.0mm (w.t.) Welding Process SMAW
114.3mm (dia.)
Process
Fitting Position Horizontal/Vertical
Branch
Thi s Gap Ma y Vary

Fitting
Up To 6mm max. Fitting
Fitting
Pipe
t Pipe Pipe
t min. t min.
Pre-Heat

Fitting
Set Up

Weld

Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) N/A Measurement Tempilstik® and /or
thermocouples
Technique

Consumable -
E46 4 B 41 H5 / E8018-G Hand and/or Power Tools

Controls

Holding Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak 1. Great care shall be taken to prevent overheating of the
pipe wall.
Notes
Quiver Temp ( 0C ) N/A ** Use VacPak 2. The ‘tempering pass’ shall be deposited as close to the
toe of the final buttering pass as possible, without
Shielding Gas N/A impinging onto the parent plate.
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Vertical 1 per
1 SMAW **27P 2.5 DC- Basic N/A 70 - 90 20 - 26 3.0 N/A 0.6
Down side
The remainder of the buttering passes as per pass one.
Instructions:
1. Temperature decay to be carried out prior to commencement of welding (see T/SP/P/9 clause 15.2.2).
2. Additional layers of buttering may be required depending on the gap between pipe and fitting. The maximum gap shall be 6mm.
3. Passes 1 to 3 or passes 1 to 4 (where an extra layer is required) or equivalent shall be deposited in layers or segments around the pipe.
4. The Temper bead may be omitted if access to the root is likely to be hindered.
6. The completed buttering passes shall be examined by Magnetic Particle Inspection, before continuing the fillet weld. If any evidence of cracking is found,
welding shall cease immediately and National Grid shall be informed.
* Propane or Oxy Propane heating may be used (see clause 15.0 of T/SP/P/9 and Appendix H).

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 53 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 09
Circumferential Fillet
Completion - 4.0mm to 4.9mm
wall thickness pipe
Project: Wye to Sedd pipeline Client: National Grid
Fitting Material BS EN 1501 – 151 Grade 430A Product Natural Gas
Fluid
Pipe
Pipe Material/CEV% BS 3602 Pressure (Range)
Base Materials
4 to 6 bar
0.35%
Range Covered Dia / WT 4.0mm – 6.0mm (w.t.) Welding Process SMAW
Process
114.3mm (dia.)

C
FITTING FITTING C
B
A C
PIPE
PIPE

Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up

Weld

Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) N/A Measurement Tempilstik® and / or
thermocouples
Technique

Consumable -

Controls

Notes

Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
1 per
A SMAW Vert. Down 27P 3.2 DC+ Basic N/A 120 - 140 20 - 26 210 - 0.8
side
1 per
B SMAW Vert. Down 27P 3.2 DC+ Basic N/A 130 - 150 20 - 26 170 - 1.0
side
1 per
C SMAW Vert. Down 27P 3.2 DC+ Basic N/A 120 - 140 20 - 26 200 - 0.8
side
Instructions:
2. Pass A is not to extend beyond one electrode run out length before deposition of pass B,
4. Once pass B has been completed around the entire circumference of the pipe, the fillet weld can be completed in balanced layers or segments to take maximum
benefit of localised weld inter- pass temperatures.
5. The minimum inter-pass temperature of 150 0C is to be maintained on the fitting but can be relaxed to 100 0C on the pipe after completion of pass C.
* Propane or Oxy Propane heating may be used (see clause 15.0 of T/SP/P/9 and Appendix H).

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 54 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 10
Revision No. 0
Typical Weld Procedure Specification
Specification/Procedure T/SP/P/9: 2009
Fitting Material T/SP/F/4-BSEN 10028-3 – Product
Pipe Fluid
CEV 0.47%
Base Materials
Pipe Material/Ce L555 MB No. 1.8978 / 0.44% Pressure (Range) 64 to 70 bar

Wall Thickness / Dia. 15.9 mm / 1219 mm OD Flow (Range) 1 to 2 m/s
Range Covered Dia / WT >609.5mm to < 1219mm (dia) Welding Process SMAW
Process
14.3mm – 22.9mm (W.T)

A 3 mm (+ 3, - 0 mm)
B 30° (+ 5°, - 0°)
C 15° (+ 5°, - 0°)
D 10° (+ 5°, - 0°)
E 1.5mm (+ 1, - 0 mm)
F 50% t >25mm
Clamping Method Yoke Clamp or Clamp brackets Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) Min 250, Max 300
Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up

Weld

Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) See P/9 Appendix H and 13.3.3 Measurement Tempilstick
Technique
Filarc 27P Stringer Beads

Consumable -
Classifications E46 4 B 41 H5 / E8018G Cleaning Method Hand and/or Power Tools

Controls
Baking Temp ( 0C ) N/A Use VacPak Clamp Removal See Instruction No. 2
Notes
1. Number of welders per seam weld; see instruction No.2.

Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
1&2 SMAW Horizontal 4 27P 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 110-130 20-26 3.0 N/A 0.99
Fill SMAW Horizontal 4 27P 4.0 DC+ Basic N/A 160-200 22-26 2.0 N/A 1.50
&
Cap SMAW Horizontal 4 27P 4.5 DC+ Basic N/A 210-250 22-27 2.0 N/A 1.50
Instructions:
750mm in length.
3. Welding will commence in the middle of the fitting and progress to the ends for the first two weld layers. At this point in the procedure, welding can
progress in the direction of preference.
4. A minimum of two complete weld layers shall be deposited (see P/9 – Figure 4) prior to the removal of clamp. The fitting shall be fully supported before
the clamp is released.
5. A temper bead cap deposition sequence shall be used (see P/9-16.1).

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 55 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 11
Revision No. 0
Typical Weld Procedure Specification
Pipe Fluid
CEV 0.47%
Base Materials

14.3mm – 22.9mm (W.T)
Process
Pipe Position Fixed Horizontal Weld Position(s) 1G and 4G (PA/PE)
Fitting Position Horizontal/Horizontal Branch

A 3 mm (+ 3, - 0 mm)
B 30° (+ 5°, - 0°)
C 15° (+ 5°, - 0°)
D Bevel as per B and C above
E 1.5mm (+ 1, - 0 mm)
F 50% t >25mm
Clamping Method Yoke Clamp or Clamp brackets Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) Min 250, Max 300
Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up
Backing Strip PD 970 – 080 A15 or equivalent Min 150, Max 250
Weld

PD 970 – 080 A15 or equivalent
/Electrical Heating
Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) See P/9 Appendix H and 13.3.3 Measurement Tempilstick / Thermocouple
Technique
Filarc 27P Stringer Beads

Consumable -
Classifications E46 4 B 41 H5 / E8018G Cleaning Method Hand and/or Power Tools

Controls
Baking Temp ( 0C ) N/A Use VacPak Clamp Removal See Instruction No. 2
Notes
1. Number of welders per seam weld; see instruction No.2.

Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Fill SMAW Horizontal 4 27P 4.0/4.5 DC+ Basic N/A 160-250 22-26 2.0 N/A 1.50
&
Cap SMAW Horizontal 4 27P 4.5/4.5 DC+ Basic N/A 160-250 22-28 2.0 N/A 1.50
Instructions:
750mm in length.
3. Welding will commence in the middle of the fitting and progress to the ends for the first two weld layers. At this point in the procedure welding can
progress in the direction of preference.
4. A minimum of two complete weld layers shall be deposited (see P/9 – Figure 4) prior to the removal of clamp. The fitting shall be fully supported before
the clam is released.
5. Care shall be taken to balance the welding of the flat and overhead weld seams.
6. A temper bead cap deposition sequence shall be used (see P/9-16.1).

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

- 56 -
T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 12
Circumferential Fillet Buttering
Revision No. 0

Pipe Fluid
CEV 0.47%
Base Materials

Range Covered Dia / WT > 305 mm (dia) Welding Process SMAW
14.3mm – 22.9mm (W.T)
Process
Fitting Position Horizontal / Horizontal Branch
Fi tting This Gap May Vary
Pipe
t

Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up

Weld

Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) N/A Measurement Tempilstick
Electrode Name Bohler BVD 90 String/Weave Runs Stringer Beads
Technique
Consumable -
E55 5 Z2Ni B 45 / E55 6 Mn1Ni B

Classifications 41H5 / E9018-G
Cleaning Method Hand and/or Power Tools
Controls
Baking Temp ( 0C ) N/A Use VacPak/Tin Clamp Removal N/A

Holding Temp ( 0C ) N/A Use VacPak/Tin
Notes
Quiver Temp ( 0C ) N/A Use VacPak/Tin

Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Vertical
All SMAW 1 per side BVD 90 3.2 DC+ Basic N/A 130-170 20-25 5.5 N/A 0.5
Down
Vertical ESAB
All SMAW 1 per side 90 DH
3.2 DC+ Basic N/A 140-170 20-24 5.5 N/A 0.5
Down
Instructions:
1. Temperature decay to be carried out prior to the commencement of welding (see T/SP/9 clause 15.2.2).
2. The buttering passes may be deposited using either of the two options provided above. However, the two different consumables shall not be mixed.
3. Additional layers of buttering may be required depending on the gap between Pipe and Fitting. The maximum gap shall be 6mm.
4. Passes 1-5 or passes 1 to 8 (or equivalent) if an extra layer is required shall be positioned in segments around the pipe circumference. The tempering
pass shall be deposited as close to the toe of the final buttering pass a possible, without impinging on parent plate.
5. Stop-starts to be off set by a minimum distance of 25 mm.
6. The completed buttering passes shall be examined by Magnetic Particle Inspection prior to continuing with the fillet weld.
7. Pre-heat and interpass temperatures shall be measured on the pipe surface.

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

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T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 13
Completion
Revision No. 0
Pipe Fluid
CEV 0.47%
Base Materials

14.3mm – 22.9mm (W.T)
Process
Fitting Position Horizontal / Branch

Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up

Weld

N/A
/Electrical Heating
Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) N/A Measurement Tempilstick / thermocouples
Electrode Name Bohler BVD 90 / BVD 100 String/Weave Runs Stringer Beads
Technique
Consumable -
E55 5 Z2Ni B 45 / E55 6 Mn1Ni B

Classifications 41H5 / E9018-G / E10018-G
Cleaning Method Hand and/or Power Tools
Controls

Notes

Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Shield Rate (mm/sec) Speed
No. (KJ/mm)
Vertical
A SMAW 2 BVD90 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 124-155 21-25 2.5 N/A 1.2
Down
SMAW Vertical
B 2 BVD90 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 130-156 20-25 2.0 N/A 1.4
Down
SMAW Vertical
Fill 2 BVD100 4.0/4.5 DC+ Basic N/A 170-250 22-28 4.0 N/A 1.3
Down
&
SMAW Vertical
Cap 2 BVD100 4.0/4.5 DC+ Basic N/A 170-250 22-28 4.0 N/A 1.3
Down
Instructions:
1. Oxy-Propane and /or electrical preheating methods or a combination of both may be used. Electrical heating shall be used on the fitting only (see P/9 –
Appendix H).
2. Pass A not to extend beyond 1 electrode run-out length before deposit of Pass B. Progress in this manner until full circumference has been completed.
3. The remainder of fillet may be completed in stages, layers and segments.
4. Stop-starts to be offset by a minimum distance of 25 mm.
5. Minimum inter-pass temperature on fitting 150 0C. Following completion of first layer of fill passes, inter-pass temperature may be reduced to 100 0C on
the pipe side.

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

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T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 14
Completion
Revision No. 0
Pipe Fluid
CEV 0.47%
Base Materials

Process
14.3mm – 22.9mm (W.T)

Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up

Weld

N/A
/Electrical Heating
0
Pre-Heat Temp ( C ) N/A Measurement Tempilstick / thermocouples
Technique
ESAB 90 DH Stringer Beads

Consumable -
Classifications E55 6 Mn1Ni B 41H5 / E9018-G Cleaning Method Hand and/or Power Tools
Controls

Notes

Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Vertical ESAB
A SMAW 2 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 115-155 21-25 2.5 N/A 1.2
Down 90DH
SMAW Vertical ESAB
B 2 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 130-160 20-25 2.0 N/A 1.4
Down 90DH
SMAW Vertical ESAB
Fill 2 4.0/4.5 DC+ Basic N/A 180-250 22-28 4.0 N/A 1.3
Down 90DH
&
SMAW Vertical ESAB
Cap 2 4.0/4.5 DC+ Basic N/A 180-250 22-28 4.0 N/A 1.3
Down 90DH
Instructions:
1. Oxy-Propane and /or electrical preheating methods or a combination of both may be used. Electrical heating shall be used on the fitting only (see P/9 –
Appendix H).
2. Pass A not to extend beyond 1 electrode run-out length before deposit of Pass B. Progress in this manner until full circumference has been completed.
3. The remainder of fillet may be completed in stages, layers and segments.
4. Stop-starts to be off set by a minimum distance of 25 mm.
5. Minimum interpass temperature on fitting 150 0C. Following completion of first layer of fill passes, interpass temperature may be reduced to 100 0C on
the pipe side.

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

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T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 15
Completion (Temper Bead
for P460/Hyplus 29 Materials)
Pipe Fluid
CEV 0.47%
Base Materials
Pipe Material/Ce L555 MB No. 1.8978 / 0.44% Pressure (Range) TBA (e.g. 64 to 70 bar)
Wall Thickness / Dia. 15.9 mm / 1219 mm OD Flow (Range) TBA (e.g. 1 to 2 m/s)
Range Covered Dia / WT > 609.5mm to < 1219mm (dia) Welding Process SMAW
Process
14.3mm – 22.9mm (W.T)
Pipe Position Fixed Horizontal Weld Position(s) 5F (PG)
Joint Details Groove prepared by

Pass Locations
grinding (see note 2).

Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up

Weld

N/A
/Electrical Heating
0
Pre-Heat Temp ( C ) N/A Measurement Tempilstick / Thermocouples
Electrode Name Filarc 88S String/Weave Runs Stringer Beads
Technique
E50 6 Mn 1Ni B 12 H5 /
Consumable -
Classifications Cleaning Method Hand and/or Power Tools

E8016-G
Controls

Holding Temp ( 0C ) N/A Use VacPak 1. See clause16.2.6 and Appendix M of
Notes
Quiver Temp ( 0C ) N/A Use VacPak T/SP/P/9.

Shielding Gas N/A
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
1 SMAW Vertical Up 1 per side 88S 3.25 DC+ Basic N/A 100-135 21-26 3.0 N/A 0.90
Instructions:
2. Prior to deposition of the temper bead ( pass 1) the previous final pass of the fillet weld shall be prepared by grinding using a 4mm disc
Care shall be taken to maintain the edge of the final pass to provide a clear guideline for deposition of the temper bead..
3. The temper bead may be applied at the blocking or segment stage.
4. Care shall be taken to prevent impingement of the temper bead onto the fitting.
5. Stop starts shall be offset by a minimum distance of 25mm.

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

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T/SP/P/9
Procedure No: 16
Set-on fitting attachments
Revision No. 0
Fitting Material X65 (60.3 mm branch) / 0.38% Product Natural Gas
CEV 0.43%
Fluid
Pipe
Base Materials
Pipe Material/Ce API 5L X80 / 0.46% Pressure (Range) 64 to 70 bar

Range Covered Dia / WT > 305 mm (dia) Welding Process SMAW
Process
14.3mm – 22.9mm (W.T)
Fitting Position 12 O’Clock Position

SET-ON
FITTING
PIPE
Bevel: 40o +5o -0 o

Root Gap: 3 mm +2 mm -0 mm

Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up

Weld

Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) Min 150 Measurement Tempilstick
Technique
**Esab 90 DH Stringer Beads

Consumable -
Classifications E55 6 Mn1Ni B 41H5 / E9018-G Cleaning Method Hand and/or Power Tools
Controls

Notes

Shielding Gas N/A Use VacPak
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Vertical
1-5 SMAW 1 per side 90DH 3.2 DC EP Basic N/A 125-150 20-26 3.0 N/A 1.0
Down
Fill
Vertical
& SMAW 1 per side 90DH 3.2 DC EP Basic N/A 140-170 20-26 2.5 N/A 1.2
Cap Down
Instructions:
1. Temperature decay to be carried out, see T/SP/P/9 clause 15.2.2 prior to commencement of welding.
2. Fitting to be pre-heated to 150 0C.
3. The weld shall be completed in one cycle (care being taken to prevent overheating above the maximum inter-pass temperature).
4. Pass No. 8 or its equivalent (see Figure 11 of T/SP/P/9,) to be placed as close as possible to the extremity of pass 4 or its equivalent, without impinging
onto the pipe.
** Vacuum packed and treated as per electrode control procedure

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

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T/SP/P/9
Procedure No:
Revision No. 0
Typical Weld Procedure Specification Date:
Project: Client:
Specification/Procedure
Fitting Material Product
Fluid
Base Materials
Pipe
Pipe Material/Ce Pressure (Range)
Wall Thickness / Dia. Flow (Range)
Range Covered Dia / WT Welding Process
Process
Pipe Position Weld Position(s)
Fitting Position
Clamping Method Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C )

Pre-Heat
Fitting
Set Up

Weld
Run Off/ Run On Tabs Application

Pre-Heat Temp ( 0C ) Measurement
Technique

Consumable -
Controls
Baking Temp ( 0C ) Clamp Removal

Holding Temp ( 0C )
Notes
Quiver Temp ( 0C )
Shielding Gas
Side Gas Wire AV.
Flux Welding
Electrode
(mm) /DC-
Instructions:

Signed: Signed:
Approvals
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
Date: Date:

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX G
USE OF LOW HYDROGEN ELECTRODES IN VACUUM PACKS OR HERMETICALLY SEALED

CONTAINERS
Only low-hydrogen electrodes approved by National Grid for live welding operations shall be used.
In addition to the manufacturers recommendations for the storage and use of low- hydrogen electrodes,
the following conditions shall apply (also see consumable handling flow chart):
1. When used in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations, the packaging shall be
capable of guaranteeing equal to or less than 5 ml/100 g of diffusible hydrogen in the deposited
weld metal.
2. Only electrode packs which are undamaged and where the vacuum is intact (if appropriate) or the
seal is unbroken shall be issued to site.
3. Only one pack shall be opened at a time and the seal shall be checked to make sure it is intact
before opening. Where visual indication of the moisture level in the pack is provided, this shall be
checked after opening of the pack. Electrodes from faulty packs shall not be used.
4. Once a vacuum pack is opened, electrodes shall only be removed from the pack one at a time.
Where means of re-sealing the pack is provided, this shall be carried out each time the welding
operation is interrupted (see item 6).
5. Electrode packs shall be shielded from damp conditions. Electrodes showing signs of moisture.
Damage or contamination shall not be used.
6. Any electrodes left in a vacuum pack that has been opened and exceeds the manufacturers
recommended maximum exposure period, shall not be used and shall be removed from the
workplace. Un-used electrodes shall not be re-baked for use on T/SP/P/9 operations (see 9.1).
NOTE: There is no benefit to be gained from baking electrodes taken directly from an undamaged
vacuum pack. However, in certain circumstances it may be beneficial to use the electrodes
from a heated quiver (minimum of 75 °C).

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T/SP/P/9
Consumable Handling
Consumables
received
from supplier.
No Do consumables
have required
Certification.
Yes
Check condition
of vacuum packaging
No Is packaging sound,
seal unbroken and
Vacuum contained.
Yes
Store consumables in
accordance with the
manufacturers instructions.
Check condition
of vacuum packaging
prior to use.
No Is packaging sound,
seal unbroken and
vacuum contained.
Yes
Following completion
Are consumables of working shift or in
Discard or
No being used in accordance with
Yes accordance with the manufacturers
return to supplier. manufacturer’s instructions. Instructions, unused
(humidity levels etc.). consumables from open packs
shall be removed from the workplace.

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX H
NATIONAL GRID APPROVED OXY-PROPANE HEATING TORCH
N1. The use of oxy-propane heating torches to raise the pipe surface temperature to the level
required by this specification (clause 15.2) may be necessary. It is recognised that a method of rapid shut
off of the torch gases is desirable for safety reasons.
N2. The following supplier has developed heating equipment (identified as the ‘National Grid
superheating lamp kit’), which in tests, have satisfied National Grid safety requirements for controlled
rapid shut off:
Welding Repairs & Supplies Ltd.

Brandon Way
West Bromwich
West Midlands
B70 8JW
Tel: 0121-553-6581
Note: For consistently safe operation, it is imperative that the correct type of flash-back arrestors and
flame traps are used in conjunction with this safety shut off valve. For this reason the equipment is sold
as a kit complete with the correct torch, gas regulators and hoses as shown above. Training in the safe
use of this equipment, in accordance with the manufacturers recommended procedure, shall be
considered mandatory.

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX I
METHOD FOR THE REPAIR OF STRAY ARCS

H.1 Where accidental stray arcs have occurred the method of repair shall include, but not
necessarily be limited to, blending of the excavation, checking by magnetic particle inspection and
confirmation that the thickness of the pipe or fitting is within the permitted tolerance.
H.2 If arc strikes are made in parent plate during any repair, or are discovered when a pipeline has
been excavated for any reason, they shall be removed by dressing. After all traces of the arc strike have
been removed, between 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm thickness of metal shall be removed from the valley of the
crater formed by dressing (This is to remove potential hardened areas below the arc-strike).
H.3 The repair area shall be checked by magnetic particle examination and the remaining wall
thickness of the pipe or fitting measured to confirm that they are within the permitted tolerance.
H.4 Stray arcs shall only be repaired by an approved National Grid P/11(P/20) technician. All
relevant details shall be recorded and reported.
H.5 Should the removal of an arc strike result in the remaining pipe wall thickness being below the
minimum pipe manufacturing under thickness tolerance, the area shall be assessed in accordance with
T/PM/P/11 or T/PM/P/20 as applicable.

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX J
PIPE TEMPERATURE DECAY TEST RECORD SHEET

Sheet No.
PIPE TEMPERATURE DECAY

TEST RECORD SHEET
Pipeline: Year constructed:

Location: Grid reference:
Pipe dia.: Minimum pipe wt: Material grade:
Date of operation: Pipe contents:
Welding Inspectors: Welding contractor:
National Grid zone: Responsible engineer:
Sketch showing number of tees / split shells / attachments made.
Record of pipe temperature decay rate

Each time that the decay rate is measured a record of the ambient temperature and product
pressure shall be recorded.
Fitting Product Decay time (s) Decay time (s) Pipe o’clock Inspector’s
weld flow rate for temperature for temperature position signature
number range e.g. range e.g. Time & date
*250-150 °C *250-100 °C
Comments:
* Temperature range will be applicable to the approved welding procedure.

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX K
WELDERS QUALIFICATION TEST & PERFORMANCE RECORD
NATIONAL GRID T/SP/P/9 WELDERS QUALIFICATION TEST & PERFORMANCE RECORD
Project /
contract:
Welders name: Employer:
Address: National Insurance

number:
Notes:
Name and signature of National Grid Engineer or

representative:
Name and signature of verifying P/9 Welding

Inspector:
BGAS/CSWIP approval number:

Verifying Inspector
T/SP/P/9
Pipe thickness Verifying
procedure Date of test / (Print name and
Date of test group welded Inspector
number / weld update expiry BGAS/CSWIP
or tested (initials)
type number)
A copy of this test record should be given to the welder for his retention.

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX L
PIPELINE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES TEST RECORD SHEET
L.1 Prior to making a welded attachment to a pressurised gas pipeline, positive confirmation of the
existing pipeline material type, carbon equivalent value (CEV) and approximate grade shall be
made.
L.2 As a minimum, the following items shall be determined either by review of existing records, or
where these do not exist, pipe material sampling:
a) Chemical analysis and CEV
b) Tensile strength / yield strength (applicable where a material coupon is available)
c) Hardness of the material
L.3 The results from records / material analysis that include details of the pipeline location,
diameter, wall thickness, material chemistry, grade and CEV shall be collated and recorded on
the T/SP/P/9 material sampling record sheet provided overleaf.

- 69 -
T/SP/P/9
No.:
T/SP/P/9 MATERIAL SAMPLING RECORD SHEET
Date:
Pipe material sampling to determine the material properties shall be carried out in accordance with
T/PM/Q/10.
Project:
T/PM/Q/10 Report
Report date(s):
number(s):
*Welding
Sample No. & test Pipe Measured Estimated IIW issues?
Area sampled
date diameter thickness pipe grade CEV% Indicate Yes
or No
Location 1
Location 2
Location 3
Location 4
Location 5
Location 6
* If analysis of the pipe material properties or pipe chemistry raises any concerns with regard to the material
weldability, state the reason why. No welding shall be carried out in this location until it is established that this
can be done safely and without the risk of weld or HAZ cracking (see 6.0).
Notes:
1. Copies of all relevant reports and records pertaining to this material sampling and analysis shall be attached to this
sheet.
2. For UKT pipelines a copy of this report shall be sent to the GNI Integrity Manager, Asset Management, National
Grid House, Warwick Technology Park, Gallows Hill, Warwick CV34 6DA
3. For UKD pipelines a copy of this report shall be sent to the Engineering Manager, Network Strategy,
National Grid Gas Distribution, Brick Kiln Street, Hinckley, Leicestershire, LE10 ONA.

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX M (a) T/SP/P/9 SAFETY CHECK LIST AND GUIDANCE NOTES

Project:
Date:
Location:
T/SP/P/9 checklist: Issue 2 Sheet 1 of 3
Findings
No. QUESTION Comments
or x
1 In planning the work, has a shut down or an in-line
forged tee(s) been considered as an alternative to split-
tee(s) (see item 53 of this checklist and Figure 13 of
T/SP/P/9)
2 Has a Method Statement and NRO been issued for
construction?
3 Who is responsible for the operation, have they received
the appropriate SCO training?
4 Will National Grid UKT/UKD personnel be present during
the T/SP/P/9 welding operation?
5 Have STCs been carried out for all appropriate
personnel?
6 Are all welders T/SP/P/1, T/SP/P/2 or T/SP/P/8 (as
applicable) and T/SP/P/9 approved?
7 Are the Welding /NDT Inspectors BGAS/CSWIP
approved in the appropriate grade?
8 Have the Welders, Operators and Inspectors received
the necessary training, safety induction and T/SP/P/9
Tool Box Talks?
9 Have generic Risk Assessments been carried out?
10 Has a recent site specific Risk Assessment been
carried out at each work location?
11 Has an emergency procedure been issued and are
personnel aware of it?
12 Has the equipment identified in the emergency
procedure been made available in the work area and are
personnel trained in its use?
13 Has the work been scheduled to minimise the number of
personnel in the immediate work area?
14 Has Network Control been notified of the operation?
15 Has the gas pressure and flow rate been established
and recorded? Will they be monitored during the
T/SP/P/9 operation?
16 Are any other operations underway that may affect this
work (e.g. pigging/ILI runs)?
17 Has a permit to work been issued? Has the permit been
signed by the appropriate personnel?
18 Has the pipeline material grade and CEV been
confirmed? Is the presence of internal SCC possible?
Has sampling of the existing pipe been necessary or
carried out in accordance with T/PM/Q/10? (6.0 of
T/SP/P/9)
19 Have materials been procured from approved sources?
FINDINGS: - ITEM CHECKED - SATISFACTORY x - ITEM CHECKED - UNSATISFACTORY

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T/SP/P/9
Project:
Date:
Location:
Findings
or x
20 Have test and material certificates been obtained for all
materials and welding consumables?
21 Is it necessary to modify the fitting weld bevel? If so has
it been done correctly? (13.0 of T/SP/P/9)
22 What lifting equipment has been provided? Has it a valid
safety tag, is suitable and in good condition?
23 Have the condition of existing pipeline welds been
considered prior to pipeline excavation? (5.5 and 12.2 of
T/SP/P/9)
24 Is reinforcement and support of the pipeline necessary?
if so, has it been properly provided in the excavation
(5.5 of T/SP/P/9)
25 Is the excavation of suitable size to permit a safe
T/SP/P/9 operation? (5.3, 15.1 and Appendix N of
T/SP/P/9)
26 Have proper safety barriers been erected and warning
signs displayed?
27 Have all personnel been supplied with the PPE,
appropriate for the operation? (see site specific Risk
Assessment)
28 What gas monitoring will be carried out? Are the gas
monitors approved and calibrated?
29 Has safe and unobstructed access and egress to the
work site and excavation been provided?
30 Has provision been made for adequate weather
protection and lighting in and around the work area?
(5.3)
31 Has the ovality of the pipeline been checked?
32 Have the correct pipe NDT examinations been carried
out (both initially and following any 48 hour delay)?
33 Has any damage to the pipeline been found or occurred
during excavation and coating removal? (T/PM/P/11 or
T/PM/P/20)
32 Have pipe lamination/flaws been found that require the
relocation of the fitting? (12.1.3, 12.2.3 and 12.3.1 of
T/SP/P/9)
33 Has the minimum pipeline wall thickness been confirmed
by measurement and recorded?
34 Has the split-tee been fitted to the pipeline in accordance
with T/SP/P/9 using appropriate clamps? (13.3)
35 Have backing bars been fitted? (13.3 of T/SP/P/9)
36 Are weldolets, long weld neck flanges, CP plates or
other similar attachments to be welded to the pipeline?
Have the necessary inspection operations for these
attachments been carried out (12.0 of T/SP/P/9)?

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T/SP/P/9
Project:
Date:
Location:
Findings
or x
37 Has the welding process been approved and qualified
in accordance with T/SP/P/9? (10 of T/SP/P/9)
38 Has an approved welding procedure(s) been issued
for construction? (10.2 of T/SP/P/9)
39 Are copies of the welding procedures available at the
work location?
40 Are Welders, Inspectors and pipe heating operators
fully familiar with the welding procedures?
41 Is a T/SP/P/9 weld repair procedure required and
been issued for construction? (20 of T/SP/P/9)
42 What method(s) of pre-heating and intermediate
heating is to be used? (15 of T/SP/P/9), are they
approved?
43 Is the temperature monitoring equipment and method
of measurement approved?
44 Can the heating source be isolated or switched off
quickly in an emergency?
45 Is the longitudinal welding sequence as defined in16.0
of T/SP/P/9?
46 Has the pipe temperature decay rate been measured
and recorded? (15.2.2.1of T/SP/P/9)
47 Is the circumferential fillet welding sequence as
defined in 16.2 of T/SP/P/9?
48 Is a temper bead required for the final pass of the
seam or fitting fillet weld and has it been deposited?
(see 16.1, 16.2.6 and the guidance notes below).
49 Has it been necessary to adjust the gas flow rate or
pressure?
50 Have all necessary intermediate and final weld
inspections been carried out (16.0, 17.0 18.0, 19.0
and 20.0 of T/SP/P/9)
51 Have proper welding and inspection records been
compiled and retained?
52 Has the permit been closed and Network Control
advised upon completion of the work?
53 Have any necessary T/PM/G/17 issues been raised,
appraised and signed off?
BS 6990: Section two, highlights relevant important safety considerations for this operation.
National Grid Engineer Job Title/Position: Print Name:

or Representative
Signature:

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX M (b) NOTES FOR GUIDANCE

INTRODUCTION
This Appendix is intended to provide additional background information to all personnel (particularly
inspection personnel) engaged on ‘hot tapping’ work on pressurised pipelines and pipe work. Attention is
drawn to Section two of BS 6990, which highlights important safety considerations relevant to this type of
operation.
The reference numbers and headings given below are those of the relevant clauses etc, in this
Specification.
CLAUSE 5. FACTORS AFFECTING SAFETY
The prevention of an unsafe incident occurring during a hot-tap or under-pressure welding operation
relies on the positive participation of every person directly or indirectly involved with the operation.
Therefore, each stage of the operation must be planned, prepared and executed in a safe and competent
manner. All personnel shall be fully aware of the hazards and risks associated with this type of operation,
remain vigilant at all times (both to their own actions and to the actions of other team members around
them) and shall not deviate from the approved or recommended procedures.
Should any concern exist regarding the safe continuation of an under-pressure operation then work
should cease immediately and the Employer shall be informed.
CLAUSE 9. ELECTRODES AND FILLER MATERIAL

Clause 9.1 General
Not all low hydrogen electrodes claimed to be usable in the vertical downwards direction, are suitable.
The National Grid Welding engineer has information on the suitability of electrodes and should be
consulted before unauthorised electrodes are used.
The use of Vacuum packed basic, low hydrogen electrodes are mandatory for manual welding (see
clause 9.1, Appendix F). The reason for this stipulation is to guarantee levels diffusible hydrogen less
than 5 ml/100g in the deposited weld metal and to reduce the potential for weldment cracking to occur.
However, this can only be achieved if the electrodes are handled carefully and used in accordance with
the manufacturer’s recommendations. Basic, low hydrogen electrodes are more liable to porosity at weld
starts than other types of electrodes. They are also prone to producing general porosity if long arcs are
employed. This is particularly important in relation to clauses 16.1.3 and 16.2.5, all stop starts shall be
staggered to minimise any accumulation of undetected porosity in a localised area, which has the
potential to provide a gas leakage path (see clause 17.1.2).
In Table 1, the maximum allowable welding currents stated, are dependent upon the thickness of the pipe
wall. It is essential that these limits are not exceeded, as the welding current directly affects penetration
into the pipe wall. If too great a current is used, there is a possibility of the welding arc penetrating right
through the pipe wall, thus causing a 'blow-out'. Under normal circumstances, the maximum current
levels quoted incorporate a safety margin that is quite adequate, this margin shall not be reduced by the
use of excessive current.
CLAUSE 11. APPROVAL AND TESTING OF WELDERS

Welders shall be initially qualified to National Grid T/SP/P2, T/SP/P/8 or T/SP/P/1, so that their general
level of competence (including positional welding) may be assessed. The T/SP/P/2, T/SP/P/8 and
T/SP/P/1 welder qualification test needs to have been done with the pipe in the fixed horizontal position,
with the welder completing at least 50% of the joint (that includes the 12 o’clock to 6 o’clock pipe
positions). The direction of welding may be vertical up, vertical down or a combination of both directions.
The additional fillet weld qualification tests are necessary to ensure that the welder has the ability to use
the specified basic low hydrogen type of electrode in all the required welding positions and directions and
can produce sound welds applying the T/SP/P/9 techniques.
The reason for the familiarisation/demonstration weldment (required prior to T/SP/P/9 welding on pipes
with a wall thickness between 4.0mm and 4.9 mm), is to demonstrate to the welder and to confirm to

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T/SP/P/9
National Grid, that the electrode size, welding current and technique employed, can be used safely
without the risk of pipe wall penetration.
Clause 11.2 Macro-examination

The purpose of weld macro-examination is to determine the welder’s competence to produce a relatively
defect-free weld. The uniformity and degree of weld penetration into the plate/pipe wall can also be
measured. This is particularly important in relation to the familiarisation/ demonstration weldment (see
clause 11.4.2.2). Radiography is not a practical option, because of the varying thickness across the fillet
weld. Indications from ultrasonic inspection techniques are liable to misinterpretation.
CLAUSE 12. PREPARATION OF PIPE

Clause 12.3 Inspection
Clause 12.3.1 Pipe material
Freedom from laminations is important as large fillet welds can exert a strong force normal to the pipe
surface. This can induce stresses in the through-thickness direction, these stresses could cause
laminations to propagate, tear and possibly break the surface resulting in a gas leakage path (see Figure
M.1).
CLAUSE 15. PREHEATING

15.1 General
Clause 15.1.2 Electrical preheating
The benefit of using Induction heating methods is that a steady and uniform temperature can be
maintained in the item being heated with little variation. However, once the cooling effect of flowing gas
through the pipe is experienced, it becomes necessary to either increase the number of coils used or
increase the rated output of the power source (or both), to boost the available heat and maintain the
desired temperature at the upstream or downstream weld location.
National Grid have carried out extensive preheating trials using Induction heating methods under live gas
conditions on pipe of different thickness and at various gas flow rates. To date, the use of Induction
heating methods to preheat the carrier pipe under live gas flow conditions have proved
ineffective. Therefore, the application of Induction heating methods is limited to preheating and
temperature maintenance of the hot-tap fitting only.
Trials have been carried out using a 27kW and 35kW power source. It should not be assumed that using
a power source with a greater output will resolve the problem. High temperatures can *reduce the
mechanical strength of the pipe wall, so careful application of preheat is required to prevent overheating,
under the coils. A maximum temperature of 300°C is stipulated.
* The welding procedures and preheating levels in T/SP/P/9 are designed to produce sound welds without
affecting the integrity of the existing pipe material or pipeline. The most common method of heating the
pipeline for hot-tap welding is to use gas heating methods, usually applied in discrete local areas around
the pipe. The preheating operation is closely monitored by the Welding Inspector and apart from some
published cases, is safely carried out without damage to the pipeline.
If electrical heating methods are proposed for heating the carrier pipe the Responsible Engineer and
Welding Engineer should confirm whether pressure de-rating is necessary.
Clause 15.2 Full encirclement fittings

Clause 15.2.1 Longitudinal seams
The fitting is often of high carbon equivalent and is much thicker than the pipe, therefore preheat and
weld inter pass temperature levels shall be maintained to avoid hardening of the HAZ. In rapid heat loss
conditions the use of supplementary methods to retard the cooling rate of the fitting, e.g. electrical heating
methods should be considered.

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T/SP/P/9
Clause 15.2.2 Circumferential fillet welds

The gas flowing through the pipe acts as a ‘sink’ to any heat applied to the pipe; this means that both the
preheat temperature and the additional heat from the welding arc will be quickly carried away by the gas
flow. The rate of heat loss to the gas through the pipe wall can be very high and will ‘quench’ the weld
deposit. When steel is quenched its hardness will increase substantially, particularly if the carbon
equivalent value (CEV) of the steel is high. Weld metals usually have a relatively low CEV, but that of the
pipe material may be quite high (see clause 6).
A hard zone in a pipeline is not desirable. There is also the possibility that hydrogen may be released by
cathodic protection methods, which may lead to embrittlement of the HAZ. Therefore, various means of
controlling hardness shall be employed (see clauses 15.2.2.1, 15.2.2.3, 16.2.4 and 16.2.6).
Clause 15.2.2.3 Preheating requirements

The preheat levels have been chosen to avoid cracking and to give an effective reduction in the hardness
of the pipe and fitting HAZ. The minimum temperature when welding directly onto the pipe wall is
*150 °C, however, in certain situations rapid heat loss may occur and the temperature cannot be
maintained constantly at this level. In order to weld at a minimum temperature of *150 °C, the pipe is
preheated to 250 °C with an absolute maximum of **300 °C. Welding is only allowed while the pipe
temperature is above *150 °C.
* To prevent localised overheating, the minimum preheat and inter pass temperature envelope may be
different for welding directly to pipes with a wall thickness less than 5 mm. The temperatures applied shall
be subject to the results of heat/sink tests and will be stated on the approved welding procedure.
** The upper limit of 300 °C was chosen because above 350 °C the yield stress of the pipe material
begins to decrease markedly and the pipe could deform under the action of the internal gas pressure; a
50 °C safety margin is applied thus limiting the maximum temperature to 300 °C.
The time for the temperature to drop from **250 °C to *150 °C needs to be checked before welding (see
clause 15.2.2.1), so that the welder and inspector will know what time is available before reheating is
needed. Some T/SP/P/9 welding operations may continue for several hours or even several days, Gas
flow rates can vary during this time, therefore, the heat sink decay time shall be regularly checked during
the welding operation.
CLAUSE 16. SEQUENCE OF WELDING
Clause 16.1 Longitudinal seams

At least two welders are used on each seam of longer fittings to balance the induced welding stresses
throughout the component. This also helps to conserve heat in the fitting, which is particularly important
for the first few passes (see Table 3 for minimum number of welder/inspector staffing levels for split tee
connections).
Careful removal of the run-on / run-off plates is necessary so that a smooth face is produced and damage
to the carrier pipe is avoided. A disc grinder shall be used for the removal; thermal cutting shall not be
used.
Clause 16.2 Circumferential fillet welds

Clause 16.2.4 Pipe wall buttering
The buttering layers shall be deposited using 2.5 mm or 3.25 mm diameter electrodes as appropriate.
The optimum size to give the greatest safety margin and avoid over penetration is normally the 3.25 mm
diameter electrode. However, for pipe wall thicknesses below 5 mm, pipe wall penetration may be limited
by the use of the smaller 2.5 mm diameter electrode (using lower amperages with DC negative polarity).
However, if higher amperages than those given in Table 1 are used (in conjunction with DC positive
polarity), there is the potential for a more intense and localised welding arc to be produced with a
corresponding increase in pipe wall penetration.
In order to control and minimise the effects of weld toe and HAZ hardness a temper bead technique is
applied during welding. This is illustrated by the deposition sequence shown for pass 6 or pass 9 or their
equivalent (Figure 7a and Figure 7b respectively), which is deposited as close as possible to the toe of

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T/SP/P/9
pass 5. This uses the heat from pass 6 or 9, or their equivalent, to anneal the toe of pass 5 and its
associated HAZ, thereby reducing the hardness levels. Care is required in positioning the ‘temper bead’
weld run adjacent to the weld toe to maximise the annealing effect.
Clause 16.2.5 Sealing the fillet weld throat

The reinforcement of pass 7 by pass 8 (shown in Figure 7c) is to strengthen the deposit and so reduce
the possibility of cracking caused by residual contraction stresses as the weld proceeds around the joint.
Clause 16.2.6 Fillet weld interruption and completion

It is standard National Grid practice to complete all hot-tap welds in one cycle (apart from the MPI
inspection break for buttering passes on a circumferential fillet weld) and under normal circumstances
welding operations are planned to accommodate this. In the case of an emergency or should gas flow
rates increase during the operation so that the available welding time is less than 40 seconds (see
15.2.2.2) then welding shall cease until any issues are resolved.
With the increased size of split tees being used, continuous welding times in excess of 27 hours have
been recorded to weld a 1050mm diameter circumferential fillet weld. In such circumstances two
1
production teams are required, working in shifts to complete the joint. During recent hot-tap trials an
alternative weld deposition sequence has been qualified that provides a balanced fill sequence around the
fillet weld should it become necessary to interrupt welding before joint completion. In an emergency
situation, the alternative weld deposition sequence will provide a stronger balanced weld should
evacuation be required.
The alternative deposition sequence qualified permits the fillet weld to be completed in sequential layers
around the circumference (see figure M.2) in place of completed blocks. However, it must be recognised
that when welding large diameter split tees, larger volumes of preheating gases may be required.
In planning a hot-tap operation, the Employer and the National Grid Welding Engineer may approve the
interruption of a large diameter circumferential fillet weld when circumstances permit. In such cases the
following conditions apply:
• The diameter of the pipeline and split tee is equal to or greater than 750 mm.
• At least two thirds of the design leg length of the circumferential fillet weld has been completed
around the circumference before interruption.
• Wherever possible the second fillet weld should be completed in one cycle as the tee will now be
firmly anchored to the pipe and a partly completed weld will have to accommodate the full
residual stresses of the split-tee/pipe system.
High chemistry hot-tap tee fitting materials typically made from P460 NL1 or NL2 grade material can have
a maximum carbon equivalent value (CEV) of 0.53% and in certain circumstances, can exhibit high
hardness levels in the HAZ of the final weld run. This could affect both the longitudinal and circumferential
welds.
2
To ensure acceptable levels of hardness, a procedure has been developed to temper the final weld run
of circumferential fillet welds (see Appendix F). To produce the desired effect, it is important that the
temper bead is deposited as close as possible to the toe of the fillet weld without impinging on to the
surface of the fitting. It is also important that the original final weld pass, when deposited does not
excessively overlap the fitting surface.
Careful grinding of the final weld run will produce a partial excavation that provides a clear guideline to
enable the welder to accurately deposit the temper bead, give a smoother weld profile and ensure that
maximum benefit is obtained from the heat input of the temper bead (see Appendix F).
For longitudinal seam welds the preparation and application of the temper bead pass can be applied
using the same welding parameters and consumables as the original welding procedure.

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T/SP/P/9
Notes:
This Appendix and checklist is provided for the guidance of the Engineer responsible for planning and
executing a safe under-pressure welding operation. The list is not comprehensive and should be added
to, where appropriate, depending on the specific site conditions and requirements.
The welding of large diameter fittings to pipelines can result in extended working hours for all personnel
involved. National Grid has a duty of care to ensure that all personnel are not put at unnecessary risk
during an under-pressure welding operation due to the effects of fatigue (see clause 5.4).
IF ANY DOUBT EXISTS AS TO THE CORRECT PRACTICES TO BE USED, EXPERT ADVICE SHALL
ALWAYS BE TAKEN BEFORE WELDING TO A PRESSURISED GAS PIPELINE OR PIPE WORK.
REFERENCES.
1. Neil Millwood and James Gilliver - Advantica report number 8045: November 2008 - X80 Hot-tap
weld procedure development.
2. James Gilliver – X80 Hot Tap welding development – Temper bead welding trials.

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T/SP/P/9
100% MPI of areas to be welded and any pipe seam
Ultrasonic compression wave scan on a 75 mm grid
I00% ultrasonic compression wave scan
Confirm minimum pipe wall thickness, freedom from lamination and SCC in a 150 mm
band with its centre on the proposed edge of the fitting in the area to be welded
FIGURE M1 – SCHEMATIC OF CARRIER PIPE AREAS TO BE EXAMINED BY NDT.
Split-tee Fitting 45°
Notional 75% completion
Notional 2/3 completion

2t + gap
Fill
Buttering layer
2t + gap Pipeline
t
Not to scale
FIGURE M2 - REQUIREMENTS FOR HEAVY WALL FILLET WELD INTERUPTION.

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T/SP/P/9
APPENDIX N
EXCAVATION DETAILS
Plan view
Trench Fitting
Pipe
2.0m 2.0m
Sectional View
Minimum of 2.0m
for rain cover
cover
2.0m 2.0m
*0.6 to 1.0 m
* Sufficient clearance shall be provided under the pipe to accommodate any necessary boarding and
support needed to raise the working level above standing water, while maintaining sufficient distance
from the base to the pipe for cleaning, heating, welding and inspection activities. It is recommended
that the Engineer responsible for the excavation agrees the requirements for the excavation with the
welding team during or prior to the preparation of the excavation.

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T/SP/P/9
ENDNOTE
Comments
Comments and queries regarding the technical content of this document should be directed to:
Safety and Engineering Registrar

SHE Directorate
National Grid
National Grid House
Warwick Technology Park
Gallows Hill
Warwick
CV34 6DA
Pipeline material sampling records shall be sent to:
UK Transmission: UK Distribution:
GNI Integrity Manager Engineering Manager

Asset Management Network Strategy
National Grid National Grid - Gas Distribution
National Grid House Brick Kiln Street
Warwick Technology Park Hinckley
Gallows Hill Leicestershire
Warwick LE10 0NA
CV34 6DA
Buying documents
Contractors and other users external to National Grid should direct their requests for further copies of
National Grid safety and engineering documents to the department or group responsible for the initial
issue of their contract documentation. Alternatively enquires may be made to the Asset Specifications
Manager, GNI Transmission Asset Management at the above address.

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T/SP/P/9

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THE WELDING OF FITTINGS TO PIPELINES

4. INFORMATION ITEMS TO BE APPROVED AND ITEMS TO BE AGREED AND

5. FACTORS AFFECTING SAFETY 2

7. FITTINGS AND MATERIALS 3

8. WELDING EQUIPMENT AND PERSONNEL 3

9. ELECTRODES AND FILLER MATERIAL 4

10. WELDING PROCEDURES 4

11. APPROVAL TESTING OF WELDERS 5

12. PREPARATION OF PIPE 7

13. PREPARATION OF ENCIRCLEMENT FITTINGS 10

14. STRAY ARCS 11

16. SEQUENCE OF WELDING 13

17. WELD RUN CLEANING 16

19. NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA 17

20. RECTIFICATION OF IMPERFECTIONS 18

1A PERMITTED ELECTRODE DIAMETERS 19

1B PERMITTED CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTRODES 20

3 MINIMUM WELDER / INSPECTOR STAFFING LEVELS 20

© National Grid Gas plc 2011 - All Rights Reserved

1 TYPICAL FITTINGS / ATTACHMENTS 21

2 FILLET WELD TEST PLATES 22

3 DETAIL FOR WELD PREPARATION 25

4 MINIMUM WELD VOLUME (BEFORE CLAMP REMOVAL) 29

5 RUN-ON / RUN-OFF PLATES FOR LONGITUDINAL SEAM WELDS 30

6 WELDING SEQUENCE FOR LONGITUDINAL SEAM WELDS 31

7 CIRCUMFERENTIAL FILLET WELD SEQUENCE 32

8 CIRCUMFERENTIAL FILLET WELD DIMENSIONS 33

9 CIRCUMFERENTIAL FILLET WELD STOP/START SEQUENCE 34

10 FILLET WELD TEST MAXIMUM DEFECT DISTRIBUTION 35

11 WELDING SEQUENCE FOR SET-ON ATTACHMENT FITTINGS 36

12 WELDING SEQUENCE FOR CATHODIC PROTECTION PLATES 36

13 PIPE TEMPERATURE / GAS FLOW RATE CHART 37

C INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE EMPLOYER 42

D ITEMS TO BE APPROVED BY THE EMPLOYER 43

E ITEMS TO BE AGREED BY THE CONTRACTING PARTIES 44

F TYPICAL WELDING PROCEDURES 45

H NATIONAL GRID APPROVED OXY-PROPANE HEATING TORCH 65

I METHOD FOR THE REPAIR OF STRAY ARCS 66

J PIPE TEMPERATURE DECAY TEST RECORD SHEET 67

K WELDER QUALIFICATION TEST RECORD 68

L EXISTING PIPE MATERIAL RECORD SHEET 69

M T/SP/P/9 SAFETY CHECK LIST AND GUIDANCE NOTES 71

© National Grid Gas plc 2011 - All Rights Reserved

First published as BGC/PS/P9 June 1984

© National Grid Gas plc 2011 - All Rights Reserved

MANDATORY AND NON-MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

Shall: indicates a mandatory requirement.

© National Grid Gas plc 2011 - All Rights Reserved

4. INFORMATION, ITEMS TO BE APPROVED AND ITEMS TO BE AGREED AND

4.2 Items to be approved by the employer

4.3 Items to be agreed

© National Grid Gas plc 2011 - All Rights Reserved

5. FACTORS AFFECTING SAFETY

5.2 Pipeline or pipe work pressure / flow rate

5.4 Operator Fatigue

© National Grid Gas plc 2011 - All Rights Reserved

IIW formula = %C + %Mn + %Cr+%Mo+%V + %Ni+%Cu

7. FITTINGS AND MATERIALS

7.2 Operation at pressures up to 7 bar

8. WELDING EQUIPMENT AND PERSONNEL