I.

Objectives
a. Understand and relate the concepts of common-ion effect and buffer solutions;
b. Distinguish buffer solutions from other types of solutions;
c. Perform calculations related to the buffer concept;
d. Observe the effect of dilution on the pH of a buffered sample.
II. List of all glassware, materials, equipment and reagents
Glassware Chemicals Equipment
Volumetric flasks (250-, CH3COOH pH meter
100-mL)
Volumetric pipettes NaOH
Beakers (50-mL) Phenolphthalein
Measuring pipettes (10-mL) NH3
NaCH3COO
Methyl orange
HCl
NH4CL

III. Schematic diagram of procedure

Solution preparation (by group)

- In lab manual
Solution preparation (by class)
- In lab manual

pH using Visual Indicators and pH Meter

Prepare
solutions
in
separate
50-mL
beakers

Effect of Strong Acid or Strong Base on Buffers

 Add 3 drps
Prepare
1.0 M HCl
three Measure
on 1st rep,
replicates pH of
3 3drps 1.0
per replicates
M NaOH
solution
2nd rep

IV. Diagram/s of special setup/s

Draw 4 beakers for each solution
V. Waste disposal
1. Discard excess concentrated acids and bases into their respective waste bottles.
2. Drain and flush excess diluted solutions into the sink with copious amounts of water.
VI. Calculations
50.0 mL x (1 L/1000mL) x 0.20 M CH3COOH x 60.052 g/mol =
50.0 mL x (1 L/1000mL) x 0.10 M CH3COOH x 60.052 g/mol =
50.0 mL x (1 L/1000mL) x 0.20 M NH3 x17.031 g/mol =
50.0 mL x (1 L/1000mL) x 0.10 M NH3 x 17.031 g/mol =
25.0 mL x (1 L/1000mL) x 0.20 M NaCH3COO x 82.0339 g/mol =
25.0 mL x (1 L/1000mL) x 0.20 M NH4CL x 53.491 g/mol =
VII. MSDS
CH3COOH, NaOH, NH3, methyl orange, HCl, NH4Cl
- Inhalation: Corrosive. May cause damage to mucous membranes in nose, throat, lungs
and bronchial system.
- Ingestion: Corrosive. May produce burns to the lips, oral cavity, upper airway, esophagus
and digestive tract.
- Skin Contact: Corrosive. Causes severe burns.
- Eye Contact: Corrosive. Causes severe burns. May cause eye damage, impaired sight or
blindness.

Phenolphthalein, NaCH3COO
- Inhalation, Skin contact, eye contact: Slight irritation
- After ingestion of large quantities: Diarrhea, Gastrointestinal complaints, urine
discoloration

VIII. First Aid Procedures

Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting
the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin: Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes
while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Get medical aid immediately. Call a poison control
center.
 Inhalation: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If breathing is
difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. Do not use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if victim
ingested or inhaled the substance; induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask
equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.

Sources:
http://sds.chemtel.net/webclients/safariland/finished_goods/Pioneer%20Forensics%20-%20PF001%20-
%20PF002%20-%20Acetic%20Acid%20-%20Glacial.pdf
https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/01170.htm
http://www.labchem.com/tools/msds/msds/LC24350.pdf