Design and Fabrication of a 24V/5A Wireless Battery

Charger

Ijaz Ahmad

Introduction:-

Wireless charging is a technique that enables a power source to transfer electromagnetic

energy to electrical load without the use of cables. The wireless charging technologies is
based on two techniques i.e. radiative wireless charging and non-radiative wireless charging
(coupling based wireless charging). The non-radiative technique is based on the coupling of
magnetic field between two coils placed near to each other. This technique is valid only for
short distances and can be used to charge batteries.
The project consists of two coils one is the charger (Transmitter) and the device to be charged
by the (Receiver). The transmitter acts as a primary coil and the receiver as a secondary coil,
when the current flows in the primary coil a magnetic field is produced across the coil. When
the secondary coil (Receiver) is placed near the transmitter an electric current is induced in
the receiver.

Design Overview:-
The basic design consists of the transmitter and receiver.

Transmitter:-
The transmitter acts as a power source and will transmit power to the receiver. A 220V AC is
given as input to a 12V stepdown transformer. A full wave bridge rectifier is used to convert
12V AC to 12V DC. Filters capacitors are used to smooth out DC voltage. Then Oscillator
Circuit is used to produce two waves (Sine wave or Square wave) of high frequency (50 KHz
to 75 KHz) and a potentiometer is used to vary its frequency. A biasing circuit consists of two
NPN (outsider) and PNP (insider) transistors (BJT’S) which will conduct on the push pull
phenomenon. The NPN transistors will conduct for the most positive part of the wave and the
PNP will conduct for the most negative part of the sine wave. The output of the biasing
circuit will be a PWM which will drive the H-bridge

12V STEP DOWN FULL WAVE BRIDGE

220V AC INPUT
TRANSFORMER RECTIFIER

BIASING CIRCUIT OSCILLATOR FILTER CAPACITOR

CIRCUIT

Receiver:-
H BRIDGE
The receiver consistsINDUCTION COILS
of a secondary coil of 200 turns in which an electric
MOSFET CIRCUIT
current is induced under the influenced of primary coil. A full wave bridge rectifier is used to
convert AC to DC and then filtered by the help of filter capacitors. A monitoring circuit is
used to monitor the battery voltage and will give indications that how much the battery is
charged.

INDUCTION FULL WAVE

COILS FILTER CAPACITOR
BRIDGE RECTIFIER

MONITORING
BATTERIES
CIRCUIT

Project Model:-
Transmitter:-

Receiver:-
Limitations:-
Efficiency and power loss are the major problems.
Applicable for only small distance(1 to 6 inches).
For the larger devices like electric car, charging stations may be limited