Srebrenica in the Aftermath of Genocide

Author(s): Lara J. Nettelfield, Sarah E. Wagner

Publisher: Cambridge University Press, Year: 2013

ISBN: 1107000467,9781107000469

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Description:
The fall of the United Nations "safe area" of Srebrenica in July 1995 to Bosnian Serb and
Serbian forces stands out as the international community's most egregious failure to intervene
during the Bosnian war. It led to genocide, forced displacement, and a legacy of loss. But
wartime inaction has since spurred numerous postwar attempts to address the atrocities'
effects on Bosnian society and its diaspora. Srebrenica in the Aftermath of Genocide reveals
how interactions between local, national, and international interventions - from refugee return
and resettlement to commemorations, war crimes trials, immigration proceedings, and
election reform - have led to subtle, positive effects of social repair, despite persistent
attempts at denial. Using an interdisciplinary approach, diverse research methods, and more
than a decade of fieldwork in five countries, Lara J. Nettelfield and Sarah E. Wagner trace the
genocide's reverberations in Bosnia and abroad. The findings of this study have implications
for research on post-conflict societies around the world.
Genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina: Hearing
before the Commission on Security and
Cooperation in Europe, One Hundred
Fourth Congress, first session, April 4, 1995

Author(s): United States

Publisher: For sale by the U.S. G.P.O., Supt. of Docs., Congressional Sales Office, Year:
1995

ISBN: 0-16-047444-2,9780160474446
Rape Warfare: The Hidden Genocide in
Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia

Author(s): Beverly Allen

Publisher: University of Minnesota Press, Year: 1996

ISBN: 0816628181,9780816628186
A Problem From Hell: America and the Age of Genocide

Samantha Power

In 1993, as a 23-year-old correspondent covering the wars in the Balkans, I was initially comforted by
the roar of NATO planes flying overhead. President Clinton and other western leaders had sent the
planes to monitor the Bosnian war, which had killed almost 200,000 civilians. But it soon became
clear that NATO was unwilling to target those engaged in brutal "ethnic cleansing." American
statesmen described Bosnia as "a problem from hell," and for three and a half years refused to invest
the diplomatic and military capital needed to stop the murder of innocents. In Rwanda, around the
same time, some 800,000 Tutsi and opposition Hutu were exterminated in the swiftest killing spree
of the twentieth century. Again, the United States failed to intervene. This time U.S. policy-makers
avoided labeling events "genocide" and spearheaded the withdrawal of UN peacekeepers stationed
in Rwanda who might have stopped the massacres underway. Whatever America's commitment to
Holocaust remembrance (embodied in the presence of the Holocaust Museum on the Mall in
Washington, D.C.), the United States has never intervened to stop genocide. This book is an effort to
understand why. While the history of America's response to genocide is not an uplifting one, "A
Problem from Hell" tells the stories of countless Americans who took seriously the slogan of "never
again" and tried to secure American intervention. Only by understanding the reasons for their small
successes and colossal failures can we understand what we as a country, and we as citizens, could
have done to stop the most savage crimes of the last century.-Samantha Power
Genocide at the Dawn of the Twenty-First
Century: Rwanda, Bosnia, Kosovo, and
Darfur

Author(s): Dale C. Tatum

Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan, Year: 2010

ISBN: 0230621899,9780230621893

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Description:
At the end of World War II, the international community deemed genocide a crime against
humanity. Yet, at the dawn of the twenty-first century it has occurred repeatedly. This book
explains why genocide began to occur in the twenty-first century and why the United States
has been ineffective at preventing it and stopping it once it occurs.
Surviving the Bosnian Genocide: The
Women of Srebrenica Speak

Author(s): Selma Leydesdorff, Kay Richardson

Publisher: Indiana University Press, Year: 2011

ISBN: 0253356695,9780253356697,0253005299,9780253005298

Description:
In July 1995, the Army of the Serbian Republic killed some 8,000 Bosnian men and boys in and around the town
of Srebrenica—the largest mass murder in Europe since World War II. Surviving the Bosnian Genocide is based
on the testimonies of 60 female survivors of the massacre who were interviewed by Dutch historian Selma
Leydesdorff. The women, many of whom still live in refugee camps, talk about their lives before the Bosnian
war, the events of the massacre, and the ways they have tried to cope with their fate. Drawing on their memories,
though fragmented by trauma, the women tell of life and survival under extreme conditions, while recalling a
time before the war when Muslims, Croats, and Serbs lived together peaceably. By giving them a voice, this
book looks beyond the rapes, murders, and atrocities of that dark time to show the agency of these women during
and after the war and their fight to uncover the truth of what happened at Srebrenica and why. (2011)
Genocide in Bosnia: The Policy of ''Ethnic
Cleansing'' (Eastern European Studies, No.
1)

Author(s): Norman Cigar

Publisher: Texas a & M Univ Pr, Year: 1995

ISBN: 0890966389,9780890966389,9780585174396
Heavenly Serbia: From Myth to Genocide

Author(s): Branimir Anzulovic

Publisher: NYU Press, Year: 1999

ISBN: 0814706711,9780814706718

Description:
As violence and turmoil continue to define the former Yugoslavia, basic questions remain unanswered: What are
the forces behind the Serbian expansionist drive that has brought death and destruction to Croatia, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, and Kosovo? How did the Serbs rationalize, and rally support for, this genocidal activity?
Heavenly Serbia traces Serbia's nationalist and expansionist impulses to the legendary battle of Kosovo in 1389.
Anzulovic shows how the myth of "Heavenly Serbia" developed to help the Serbs endure foreign domination,
explaining their military defeat and the loss of their medieval state by emphasizing their own moral superiority
over military victory. Heavenly Serbia shows how this myth resulted in an aggressive nationalist ideology which
has triumphed in the late twentieth century and marginalized those Serbs who strive for the establishment of a
civil society. "Modern Serbian nationalism...and its contradictory connections...have been sources of
considerable scholarly interest...Branimir Anzulovic's compendium is a good example of the genre, made all the
more useful by Anzulovic's excellent command of the literature."—Ivo Banac, History of Religions Author
interview with CNN: http://www.cnn.com/chat/transcripts/branimir_chat.html
The Theatre of Genocide: Four Plays about
Mass Murder in Rwanda, Bosnia,
Cambodia, and Armenia

Author(s): Robert Skloot

Publisher: University of Wisconsin Press, Year: 2008

ISBN: 0299224740,9780299224745

Description:
In this pioneering volume, Robert Skloot brings together four plays—three of which are published here for the
first time—that fearlessly explore the face of modern genocide. The scripts deal with the destruction of four
targeted populations: Armenians in Lorne Shirinian’s Exile in the Cradle, Cambodians in Catherine Filloux’s
Silence of God, Bosnian Muslims in Kitty Felde’s A Patch of Earth, and Rwandan Tutsis in Erik Ehn’s Maria
Kizito. Taken together, these four plays erase the boundaries of theatrical realism to present stories that probe the
actions of the perpetrators and the suffering of their victims. A major artistic contribution to the study of the
history and effects of genocide, this collection carries on the important journey toward understanding the terror
and trauma to which the modern world has so often been witness.
Encyclopedia of Genocide VOL 1 A-H

Author(s): Israel W Charny

Publisher: ABC-CLIO, Year: 2000

ISBN: 0-87436-928-2,9780874369281

Description:

The Encyclopedia of Genocide is the first reference work to chart the full extent of this horrific subject with
objectivity and authority. The Nazi Holocaust; the genocides in Armenia, Cambodia, Rwanda, and the former
Yugoslavia; and the eradication of indigenous peoples around the world are all covered in A–Z entries, written
by almost 100 experts from many countries.

Other topics include treatment of survivors; the bewildering variety of definitions of genocide; detection,
investigation, and prevention; psychology and ideology; the often contentious literature on the subject; scholars
and organizations; and the important and controversial topic of genocide denial.

Among the wide range of contributors are Peter Balakian, Yehuda Bauer, M. Cherif Bassiouni, Michael
Berenbaum, Ward Churchill, Vahakn Dadrian, Helen Fein, Ted Robert Gurr, Ian Hancock, Barbara Harff, Irving
Louis Horowitz, Kurt Jonassohn, Ben Kiernan, David Krieger, René Lemarchand, Deborah Lipstadt, Franklin
Littell, Robert Jay Lifton, Jack Porter, R.J. Rummel, Roger Smith, Colin Tatz, Elie Wiesel, and Simon
Wiesenthal.
Balkan Genocides

Author(s): Paul Mojzes

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Year: 2011

ISBN: 978-1-4422-0663-2
Investigating Srebrenica : institutions, facts,
responsibilities

Author(s): Isabelle Delpla; Xavier Bougarel; Jean-Louis Fournel

Series: Studies in contemporary European history

Publisher: Berghahn Books, Year: 2012

ISBN: 978-0-85745-472-0,978-0-85745-473-7,0857454722,0857454730

Description:
In July 1995, the Bosnian Serb Army commanded by General Ratko Mladi attacked the enclave of Srebrenica, a
UN safe area since 1993, and massacred about 8,000 Bosniac men. While the responsibility for the massacre
itself lays clearly with the Serb political and military leadership, the question of the responsibility of various
international organizations and national authorities for the fall of the enclave is still passionately discussed, and
has given rise to various rumors and conspiracy theories. Follow-up investigations by the International Criminal
Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and by several commissions have dissipated most of these rumors and
contributed to a better knowledge of the Srebrenica events and the part played by the main local and
international actors.This volume represents the first systematic, comparative analysis of those investigations. It
brings together analyses from both the external standpoint of academics and the inside perspective of various
professionals who participated directly in the enquiries, including police officers, members of parliament, high-
ranking civil servants, and other experts. Evaluating how institutions establish facts and ascribe responsibilities,
this volume presents a historiographical and epistemological reflection on the very possibility of writing a
history of the present time
Srebrenica: Hronika ratnog zlocina

Author(s): Jan Willem Honig, Norbert Both

Series: Dokumenti

Publisher: Ljiljan, Year: 1997

 Osprey Elite 146 - Yugoslav Wars (2) Bosnia, Kosovo and Macedonia 1992 - 2001

Nigel Thomas, K. Mikulan Osprey

The Bone Woman: A Forensic Anthropologist's Search for Truth in the Mass Graves of Rwanda,
Bosnia, Croatia, and Kosovo

Clea Koff

In 1994, Rwanda was the scene of the first acts since World War II to be legally defined as genocide.
Two years later, Clea Koff, a twenty-three-year-old forensic anthropologist, left the safe confines of a
lab in Berkeley, California, to serve as one of sixteen scientists chosen by the United Nations to
unearth the physical evidence of the Rwandan genocide. Over the next four years, Koff’s grueling
investigations took her across geography synonymous with some of the worst crimes of the
twentieth century. The Bone Woman is Koff’s unflinching, riveting account of her seven UN missions
to Bosnia, Croatia, Kosovo, and Rwanda, as she shares what she saw, how it affected her, who was
prosecuted based on evidence she found, and what she learned about the world. Yet even as she
recounts the hellish nature of her work and the heartbreak of the survivors, she imbues her story
with purpose, humanity, and a sense of justice. A tale of science in service of human rights, The Bone
Woman is, even more profoundly, a story of hope and enduring moral principles
Understanding Evil: Lessons from Bosnia

Keith Doubt

Understanding Evil seeks to articulate the evil that happened in Bosnia within the context of war
crimes and crimes against humanity. Its analysis centers on the question of whether it is possible to
understand evil as action. Since the foundations of the social are found in human action, evil's assault
on these foundations results in the demise of the social. While evil simulates the outer form of
action, ultimately evil belies itself as action. Can someone act with an evil end? Socrates says no, no
one willingly does evil. Although, with a mixture of reason and empiricism, the author tries hard to
overcome the Socratic position-searching for evil's agency, purpose, means, conditions, and ethos-in
the end, the search fails. The author concludes by accepting the Socratic position: action whose end
is evil is unthinkable. This tack provides an alternative to recent theorizing about evil by philosophers
such as Richard Bernstein and Jeffrey Alexander.The book understands evil via a neologism-as
sociocide, the murdering of society. In Bosnia, not only were families destroyed, but their homes as
well. Not only were bridges, libraries, schools, mosques, and churches demolished, but towns and
cities were obliterated. Bosnian Muslims were murdered behind the mindless rhetoric of ethnic
cleansing,and their history and collective memory were viciously attacked. In the first case, the social
violence is called domicide,in the second, urbicide,and in the third, genocide.In Bosnia, however, war
took on a truly twisted orientation. Not only were social structures and institutions attacked, but
society itself became the target. The book develops the significance of sociocide as the consequence
of evil in order to understand the suffering and tragedy of people and communities in Bosnia
Working in the Killing Fields: Forensic Science in Bosnia

Howard Ball
Bosnia and the Destruction of Cultural Heritage

Helen Walasek

The massive intentional destruction of cultural heritage during the 1992-1995 Bosnian War targeting
a historically diverse identity provoked global condemnation and became a seminal marker in the
discourse on cultural heritage. It prompted an urgent reassessment of how cultural property could
be protected in times of conflict and led to a more definitive recognition in international
humanitarian law that destruction of a people's cultural heritage is an aspect of genocide. Yet
surprisingly little has been published on the subject. This wide-ranging book provides the first
comprehensive overview and critical analysis of the destruction of Bosnia-Herzegovina's cultural
heritage and its far-reaching impact. Scrutinizing the responses of the international community
during the war (including bodies like UNESCO and the Council of Europe), the volume also analyses
how, after the conflict ended, external agendas impinged on heritage reconstruction to the
detriment of the broader peace process and refugee return. It assesses implementation of Annex 8
of the Dayton Peace Agreement, a unique attempt to address the devastation to Bosnia's cultural
heritage, and examines the treatment of war crimes involving cultural property at the International
Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). With numerous case studies and plentiful
illustrations, this important volume considers questions which have moved to the foreground with
the inclusion of cultural heritage preservation in discussions of the right to culture in human rights
discourse and as a vital element of post-conflict and development aid.