CNRA International Workshop on

“New Reactor Siting, Licensing and Construction Experience”

Licensing Experience of New Reactor (APR1400) in Korea

15 September 2010

Woo-Ho Lee, Seon Ho Song, Yong Lak Paek

Nuclear Regulation Division
Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety (KINS)
Table of Contents

 Introduction
 Licensing Process
• Pre-application Safety Review
• Standard Design Approval
• Construction Permit (CP) for Nuclear Installation
• Operating License (OL) for Nuclear Installation
• Pre-Operational Inspection
 Design Features of APR1400
 Safety Review
• Standard Design Approval
• Shin-Kori unit 3&4
 Conclusion
Slide - 2-
Introduction

 Current status of NPPs in Korea

 Korea has achieved a remarkable growth in nuclear power
since commercial operation of Kori Unit 1 in 1978
 Korea has now 20 operating NPPs : 16 PWRs and 4 PHWRs
 Total licensed output of 20 units is 17,716MW
- generation capacity : 32.9%
%
- actual production : over 40

 6 PWRs are now under construction and 2 additional units

are planned
 4 PWRs (1,000MW) and 2 PWRs (1,400MW) are under const.
 2 PWRs (1,400MW) are under docket review for CP
 Total units in operation by 2016 : 28 units
Slide - 3-
Introduction

 Location of NPPs in Korea

Ulchin 1,2,3,4,5,6
PWR
Shin-Ulchin 1,2
KINS

PHWR & Wolsong 1,2,3,4

PWR
Shin-Wolsong 1,2
Yonggwang
PWR PWR
1,2,3,4,5,6 Kori 1,2,3,4
Shin-Kori 1,2 and 3,4

Slide - 4-
Introduction

 Current Status of New Reactor

Commercial
Plant Type MW Type
Operation
#1 PWR 1,000 Dec. 2010 OPR1000
Shin-Kori
#2 PWR 1,000 Dec. 2011 OPR1000
Shin- #1 PWR 1,000 Mar. 2012 OPR1000
Wolsong #2 PWR 1,000 Jan. 2013 OPR1000
#3 PWR 1,400 Sep. 2013 APR1400
Shin-Kori
#4 PWR 1,400 Sep. 2014 APR1400
Shin- #1 PWR 1,400 Dec. 2015 APR1400
Ulchin #2 PWR 1,400 Dec. 2016 APR1400

: Under Construction, : Under Docket Review, : Under Construction & DR for OL

OPR 1000 : Improved KSNP (Korea Standard Nuclear Power Plant, 1000MW PWR)
APR 1400 : Advanced Power Reactor (1400MW PWR)

Slide - 5-
Introduction

 Background & Current status of APR1400

• Launch of a 10-year National Project : 1992

̵ To develop technologies involved in the design of an advanced
reactor
̵ Application for Pre-application Safety Review (PSR) : 2000
̵ Application for Standard Design Approval (SDA) : 2001
• The SDA was issued in 2002 after two years of safety review
• Shin-Kori units 3&4(APR1400)
̵ KHNP applied a Construction Permit *(CP) in 2003 , CP was
granted in 2008
̵ Structure & Installation inspection are undergoing
• Shin-Uljin units 1&2 (APR1400)
̵ KHNP applied a CP in October 2008, Review for CP are undergoing

Slide - 6-
Introduction
 Shin-Kori Units 3 and 4 (APR 1400)
• May 2002: DC issued , April 2008: CP granted
• Structure inspection are undergoing

Slide - 7-
Introduction
 Shin-Uljin units 1&2
• PWR-type reactor (1,400 MWe APR)
̵ Almost same design as Shin-Kori units 3&4
• Docket Review & Safety Review for CP are undergoing since Oct. 2008
• Scheduled to begin commercial operation in Dec. 2015 and Dec. 2016,
respectively.

Slide - 8-
Introduction
 Development of Regulatory Requirements of APR1400
Atomic
Energy Act
Enforcement
Decree of the Act
(Presidential Decree)
Enforcement
Regulations of the Act
(Ministerial Ordinances)
Notice of the Minister of
Education, Science and Technology
Industrial Codes and Standards
(ASME, IEEE, ACI, KEPIC, etc.)
Legal System of Nuclear Safety Regulation
 KINS developed
The Act provides the bases and
fundamental matters concerning the
a set of
regulatory requirements
development and utilization of atomic
energy and safety regulations
• To achieve a higher level
of safety for APR1400
The Decree provides particulars
entrusted by the Act and necessary for
the enforcement of the Act
• Based on the existing
requirements
The Regulation provides the technical and
standards and particulars entrusted by the Act
international
and the Decree safety
such as detailed procedures and
format of documents
standards
The Notice provides detailed
 legislated as a Ministerial
particulars for the technical standards
and guidelines
Ordinance on Technical
Standards
Codes for Nuclear
and Standards for materials,
design, test, and inspection of
Facilities in July 2001
components and equipment
 Reg. Guide, Criteria, SRGs
Slide - 9-
Licensing Process
 Structure of Licensing Process

Slide - 10-
Licensing Process
 New Licensing Process

Slide - 11-
Licensing Process

 Pre
Pre--application Safety Review (PSR)

Prepare Preliminary Safety

PSR Approach Safety Evaluation Results
Information Documents (PSIDs)

- Prepare PSIDs In the design

development stage
- Major information including in the
PSIDs
. Accident Calculation
. Containment performance
. Calculation of source-term
. Probabilistic Safety Assessment
. Safety test Program, etc.
- The applicable current regulations,
and codes & standards are applied
first
- When necessary, enquired
regulatory requirements for the new
design features will be developed as
appropriate
- Not official licensing review
in accordance with formal
licensing process
- Reflected to the preparation of
application Documents (SARs,
SSARs) for formal licensing
process

Slide - 12-
Licensing Process
 Standard Design Approval (SDA)
 Purpose
• Encourage the use of standard plant designs to enhance plant
safety, to improve the efficiency, and to reduce the complexity of
the regulatory process
• Improve the efficiency of licensing review by early resolution of
safety issues for the timely construction of nuclear power plants

 Documents submitted for SDA

• Standard Design Safety Analysis Report (SSAR)
• Description on the technical capability for the design of the reactor
• Preparation plan for the Emergency Operating Procedure (EOP)

Slide - 13-
Licensing Process
 Construction Permit (CP)

 Purpose
 to ensure that the technical standards for the location, structure,
facility, and performance of NPP are met

 Documents submitted for CP

 Radiation Environmental Report (RER)
 Preliminary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR)
 Quality Assurance Program (QAP) for construction
 Description on the Technical Capability (DTC) for nuclear plant
installation, etc.

Slide - 14-
Licensing Process
 Construction Permit (CP)
 Processing Period of CP
 New reactor is 24 months
 15 months for the reactors that have similar type and size in design
to the previously licensed ones,
 Review method
 KINS’ Safety Review Guides (SRGs)
̵ Provide not only the regulatory requirements but also review procedures
to keep the consistence in the review results
 Safety review
̵ The principle and concept of reactor facility design
̵ The implementation of the regulatory criteria
̵ The evaluation of the environmental effects resulting from the
construction, etc.
Slide - 15-
Licensing Process
 Operating License (OL)
 Purpose
 to confirm whether the components, systems, structures are installed and
their performances are assured as designed.
 In addition, to perform safety review on the operating capability and accident
management

 Licensing documents for OL

 Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR)
 Quality Assurance Program (QAP) for operation
 Technical Specifications (TS) for Operation
 Radiation Environmental Report (RER)
 Radiation Emergency Plan (REP)
 Description on the Technical Capability (DTC) for the reactor operation
 Description on nuclear fuel loading plan
 Description of the technical background and verification method to be for
the Emergency Operating Procedure, etc.

Slide - 16-
Licensing Process
 Pre
Pre--Operational Inspection (POI)
 Purpose
 to confirm that the structures, systems, components (SSCs) of plants
are manufactured, installed, and tested in compliance with the SAR
and QAP
 to ensure that the completed nuclear reactor can be operated as
expected throughout the design life
 Inspection Items
 Structure Inspection (19 items)
 Installation Inspection (52 items)
 Cold Functional Test (CFT) Inspection (77 items)
 Cold Hydro Test (CHT) & Hot Functional Test (HFT) Inspection (23
items)
 Initial Fuel Loading & Start-up Test Inspection (33 items)

Slide - 17-
Licensing Process
 Pre
Pre--Operational Inspection (POI)
 Inspection schedule for each stage (Shin-Kori unit 3)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Structure
Inspection CP
First Con’t
April 2008 SIT/ILRT

Installation
Inspection R/V Install

CFT
Inspection

CHT&HFT
Inspection

Start-up OL
Test (Initial Fuel
Loading)
Inspection

Remark : CFT (Cold Functional Test), CHT (Cold Hydrostatic Test), HFT (Hot Functional Test)
Slide - 18-
Design Features of APR1400
 Design Features
 based upon the design, construction and operation experiences of KSNP
 Overall design concept
 very similar to that of KSNP and System80+
 Major design differences between APR1400, System80+ and KSNP

Design Features APR1400 System80+ KSNP

1. Capacity (Mwe) 1,400 1,300 1,000

2. Safety Goal
<10-5 <10-5 10-4
- CDF(/RY)
<10-6 <10-6 10-5
- Cont. Failure Fre. (/RY)
3. Design Life (yr) 60 60 40
4. Containment Cylindrical Spherical Cylindrical

Slide - 19-
Design Features of APR1400

 Design
 Major design differences between APR1400 and KSNP

Design Features APR1400 System80+ KSNP

5.ECCS
- No. of Trains 4 4 2
- Safety Injection DVI Cold Leg Injection Cold Leg Injection
- RWST location Inside Cont. Inside Cont. Outside Cont.

6.Seismic Design (g) 0.3 0.3 0.2

7.Thermal Margin(%) 10-15 15 8

8.Operator Action (min) 30 30 10

9.Radiation Source Term Realistic Realistic Deterministic

10.Hot Leg Temp. (oF) 615 615 621.2

11.Radiation Exposure 20 20 50

Slide - 20-
Safety Review of APR1400
 Standard Design Approval (SDA)
 Licensing issues during the safety review
 Thermal-hydraulic loads and pool temperature of In-containment Refueling
Water Storage Tank (IRWST)
 Performance Evaluation of ECCS
 Consideration of Environmental Effect in Fatigue Evaluations of ASME Code
Class 1 Components
 Soft Control Application for Digital I&C System
 Human Factors Engineering for the Advanced Control Room
 Alternative Accident Source Term
 In-Vessel Core Debris Retention through External Reactor Vessel Cooling
 Steam Generator Tube Integrity
 Supplementary actions
 Uncertainty analysis for the core cooling capability at late reflood phase
 Verification of design suitability for soft control and safety console
 Submission of design report concerning steam generator tube integrity

Slide - 21-
Safety Review of APR1400

 Shin-Kori units 3&4

 Schedule of Shin-Kori units 3&4
 Design certification of APR1400 : May, 2002
 Application for CP : October, 2003
 Safety review for CP : October, 2003 ~ April, 2008
 Issuance of CP : April, 2008
 Safety review focused on
 Implementation of the follow-up actions for SDA
 Comparison with the previous units and the standard design of
APR1400
 Major design features of Shin-Kori units 3&4
 Domestic and overseas experience in nuclear power plant operation
 Other matters

Slide - 22-
Safety Review of APR1400
 Shin-Kori units 3&4
Assessment of Implementation of the Follow-up
Actions for SDA
 Safety Injection System Performance Evaluation during Late Reflood
of a LBLOCA
 Evaluation of Design Adequacy of the Soft controller, Safety Control
Panel and Remote Shutdown Room (RSR)
 Scheme for Suppressing Wear Damage of the Steam Generator
Tube and Flow Induced Vibration Assessment
 Safety Injection System Performance Evaluation during Late
Reflood of a LBLOCA
 The maximum clad temperature in a LBLOCA : 987.2℃
 Acceptance criteria (1,204℃)
 The reflood model and code which were conservatively set in the
current method

Slide - 23-
Safety Review of APR1400
 Assessment of Implementation of the Follow-up Actions for SDA
 Evaluation of Design Adequacy of the Soft controller, Safety
Control Panel and Remote Shutdown Room (RSR)
 Design class categorization and the detailed design plan
 Human factors engineering program implementation plan
 Physical and electrical isolation of RSR from MCR and ICCR
(Instrumentation and Component Control Room)
 Scheme for Suppressing Wear Damage of the Steam Generator Tube
and Flow Induced Vibration Assessment
 Material, capacity, number of the steam generator tube and the design of
the top steam generator tube support structure were changed
 Wear resistance of the steam generator tube : 62% improved
 Hydraulic expansion method : Contact strength & Remaining stress
 Heat treated Alloy 690 : No flaws caused by corrosion in the steam
generator tube expansion transition areas
 Standardization of expansion pressure

Slide - 24-
Safety Review of APR1400
 Shin-Kori units 3&4
 Licensing issues for major design features
 Evaluation of the Hydrogen Control System Design
 Evaluation of the Design of the Reactor Cavity Flooding System
 Fatigue Design of the Safety Class 1 System Considering Environmental
Impact
 Design Excluding Operating Basis Earthquake Loads in Seismic Design
 Adequacy of the Reactor Coolant System Overpressure Protection Facilities
 Evaluation of the Design of the Human-System Interface of the Main
Control Room
 The Integrity of the Structure of Engineering Safety Feature Actuating
System
 Adequacy of the Integrated Design of the Soft Controller and Engineering
Safety Feature-Component Control System
 Analysis of Human Reliability for Establishing the Human Error Mechanism
 Application of Human Factors Engineering Activity to Local Control Panel
Design
 Redundancy Design of the Digital Protection Relay System
 Design Change of the Off-Site (Preferred) Power Supply System
 Classification of Underwater Intake and Discharge Facilities

Slide - 25-
Safety Review of APR1400
 Review of Major Design Features
 Evaluation of the Design of the Reactor Cavity Flooding
System(CFS)

 The basic design of the reactor cavity

flooding system
 The flooding time of the reactor
cavity
 CFS series 1 : 50 minutes
 CFS series 2 : 25 minutes

The schematic diagram of the reactor cavity

flooding system of Shin-Kori Units 3 & 4

Slide - 26-
Safety Review of APR1400
 Shin-Kori units 3&4
 Evaluation of Reflection of Experience in NPP operation
 Review of Ductility Dip Cracking (DDC) Resistance of Alloy 690

 Design Change Reflecting Experience of Swedish Forsmark-1 Accident

 Review of Ductility Dip Cracking (DDC) Resistance of Alloy 690

 Ductility Dip Cracking (DDC) between the welded layers or in the root of
Alloy 690.
 Inconel 52M filler material (AWS Classification, ERNiCrFe-7A) for the
buttering areas of Alloy 690
 Non-destructive tests (PT, UT and RT) for all Alloy 690 welds
 A test for qualifying the ductility dip cracking resistance of Alloy 690

Slide - 27-
Safety Review of APR1400

 Shin-Kori units 3&4

 Review of Other Matters operation
 Survey of Faults in the Site
 Design Standard of Gas Effluent Sampling Facilities
 Inclusion of the Screw Fixture Control Program in the Preliminary
Safety Analysis Report
 Delta-Ferrite Content Requirement for Austenite Series Stainless
Steel

Slide - 28-
Conclusion

 PSR and SDA

 Improved the efficiency of licensing review by early resolution of safety issues
for the timely construction of new reactor (APR 1400)
 APR 1400 (Shin-Kori units 3&4)
 The location, structure and equipment of the nuclear reactor and related
facilities for Shin-Kori units 3&4 satisfied the current safety requirements
 APR 1400 can protect the public health and the environment from the impact of
the radioactive materials generated from the construction of the facilities
 Relatively recent experience accumulated in Korea can be utilized
effectively to facilitate mutual cooperation in the area of new reactor
regulation.
 KINS has a willingness to cooperate actively with other regulatory
authority if the KINS have abilities to give a hand.

Slide - 29-
Thank you for your attention !